A Project

Report
On Module V undertaken at

Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd.

To
KALOL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN PARTIAL
FULFILMENT OF THE SUBJECTS
Accounting for Managers, Economics for Managers, Managerial Communication,
Organizational Behavior, Principles of Management, Research Methodology,
Quantitative Analysis I
SEMESTER 1
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
External Guide
Mr. Vijaykumar Shah
(Manager RMD)

Submitted by: Submitted To:

Yashesh Bhavsar Prof. Khushbu mem Prof. Mihis Sir

Prof. Jignesh Sir Prof. Dhruv Sir
(167250592002)
Prof. Ankita mem Prof. Gargi mem.
Pradeep Bhuva Prof. Kwinjal
mem
(167250592003)

MBA Semester - I
KALOL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT
M.B.A PROGRAMME
Affiliated to Gujarat Technological University
Ahmedabad
January 2017
PREFACE

With the respect and pleasure, we have privilege to submit our report to Kalol
Institute of Management.

As students of MBA, we had the opportunity to understand the subject hands

on training. The report refers to certain aspects of the subject of Research
Methodology, Quantitative Analysis , principal of management, organization
Behaviors and Managerial Communication.

We successfully completed our Module V within the specified time. It was

really a exciting experience for us with senior officials of Industry and to interact
with different members, employees of the organization. It was an experience of
enjoyment through hard work and dedication.

Through this report, we hope that the Enterprise benefits from it.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Times of India, Ahmedabad division office gives us great pleasure to thank

wonderful set of people whom we consider our guide, teacher mentors and
idols as they have helped us in learning many new things and presenting our
thoughts by way of this report.

We are very thankful to Mr Vijay Shah (Manager (RMD)) for their

guideless and support and for sharing their knowledge and devoting there
valuable time which helped us in giving shape to this project.

We are very much thankful to the administration and staff of Kalol Institute
of Management for providing us the opportunity to undertake this project
as a part of academic requirement.

We are also thankful to all our friends and family members who have directly
and indirectly supported us in the project.
 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the work submitted in this project report is the result of our
own efforts and that to the best of our knowledge, has not been submitted and is
not currently being submitted either in whole or in part for Masters of Business
Administration or any other degree or award in any other University. Where any
secondary information is included, it has been duly acknowledged. We also testify
that this project report is not the work of any other person.

PLACE: AHMEDABAD Pradeep bhuva

DATE: 12-01-2017 Yashesh Bhavsar
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Management requires knowledge and practice which therefore entails knowing

the Theory and putting the same into practice. Without these two aspects
Management therefore is incomplete. Kalol Institute of Management provides a
platform to its students through a well-planned and time tested training
curriculum. Students are given numerous and varied opportunities to know their
skills during the practical phase of their training. This is only possible when the
students experience the business and industrial world and interact with
experienced people during the practical work.

As students of MBA we had such an opportunity during Module V to interact

with highly experienced and skilled people who has been in this business world for
a very long time.

We successfully completed our training report within the specified time. It was
an experience by itself for both of us interacting with senior officials of the Industry
and with different members and employees of the organization. It was an
experience of enjoyment through hard work and dedication.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
Acknowledgement
Declaration
Executive Summary

SR. NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NOS.

PART GENERAL INFORMATION 1.

1. Economics for Managers 3.

2. Organizational Behavior 8.

3. Principles of Management 12.

4. Research Methodology 15.

5. Accounting for Managers 30.

6. BIBLIOGRAPHY 36

7. ANNEXURE 37.
 Module -V

Introduction
PROFILE OF THE ORGANISATION

The Times Group (Also referred as Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd.) is the largest company in

media and entertainment industry in India and South Asia. It has completed 175 years of

its journey in media industry from 1838, established in Mumbai. Starting off with The

Times of India which is now the largest English publication in the world, BCCL and

its subsidiaries (called The Times of India Group), are present in every existing media

platform Newspapers, Magazines, Books, TV, Radio, Internet, Event Management,

Outdoor Display, Music, Movies and more.

Having strength of more than 11,000 employees, its revenue is exceeding $1.5 Billion, it

has the support of more than 25000 advertisers and a vast audience spanning across the

world.

Key Business areas

Publishing
Television
Digital
Out of Home
Other Activities

1|P a ge
 Module -V

Publishing
Largest publisher in India: 13 newspapers, 18 magazines, 16 publishing centres, 26
printing centres
Largest English newspaper in India by circulation (and the world), the Times of India.
Largest Business newspaper in India by circulation (2nd largest English
Business daily in the world, behind WSJ), the Economic Times.
Largest NonEnglish newspapers in Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore by circulation (Indias
three largest cities).
Television
Largest English News TV Channel, No. 2 English Business News TV Channel.
Largest Bollywood News and Lifestyle TV Channel, No. 2 English Movies TV
Channel.
Digital
Largest Indian network based on traffic and revenue (behind Google, Facebook,
Yahoo).
Operates 30+ digital businesses, most of which are Top 3 in their competitive segment.
Most popular B2C mobile short code in India, across SMS, voice, WAP, and USSD
Radio.
Largest radio network in India by revenue and listenership, with 32 stations.
Operates the largest rock radio station in the UK.
Out-of-home:-
Largest Outofhome advertising business in India with presence in all major metros.
Owns advertising contracts in most major airports in India.
Other Activities:-
Music
Movies
Syndication
Education
Financial Services
Event Management
Specialized publications - including books and multimedia.

2|P a ge
 Module -V

ECONOMICS FOR MANAGERS

Comparative Times of India publication in Baroda for Newspapers &

Magazines with others:

The Times of India

DainikJagran
The Hindu
Deccan Chronicle
Ananda Bazar Patrika
DainikBhaskar
Hindustan Times
Hindustan
The Economic Times
The New Indian Express
The Telegraph
Cost control & Efficiency in the collection process of prepaid & post-
paid customers
Defining the terms used as below:
Prepaid Customers Prepaid customers are those customers who are paying money for
subscription particularly for magazines at the beginning of service.
Post-paid Customers Post-paid customers are those customers particularly for Newspapers
who are paying money at the end of month for using such service.

Various Customers Connected with Times of India:

There are various types of customers who had joined Times of India for Newspapers as well
as for Magazines.
Prepaid customers connected through subscription of magazines are around 5000 across
the whole Vadodara city.
Post-paid customers are those customers who are connected through newspapers who are
around 45000 across the whole Vadodara city.

3|P a ge
 Module -V

More and more motivation is given to Vendors, Dealers and Sales persons to increase
the number of customers.

4|P a ge
 Module -V

For Divya Bhaskar :

Days No. Of Pages Covered Cover Price

Monday 16 4
Tuesday 16 4
Wednesday 20 4
Thursday 16 4
Friday 16 4
Saturday 20 4
Sunday 20 4
Sources: Given by Company

For Sandesh:

Days No. Of Pages Covered Cover Price

Monday 20 4
Tuesday 28 4
Wednesday 20 4
Thursday 20 4
Friday 30 4
Saturday 28 4
Sunday 30 4
Sources: Given by Company

4|P a ge
 Module
Module-V-V

Circulation of Times of India Newspapers & Magazines in Vadodara

For Gujarat Samachar:
Days No. Of Pages Covered Cover Price
Monday 16 4
Tuesday 16 4
Wednesday 16 4
Thursday 20 4
Friday 16 4
Saturday 20 4
Sunday 12 4
Sources: Given by Company
For TIMES OF INDIA:

Days No. Of Pages Covered Cover Price

1
Monday 28 3
Tuesday 14 3
Wednesday 24 3
Thursday 18 3
Friday 24 3
Saturday 42 5
Sunday 36 5
Sources: Given by Company
Rates for Different kind of subscription:

Customers for prepaid recovery that is customers for magazines are required to
deposit 50% of total cost at the time of subscription.
Post-paid customers for newspapers are allowed to pay for subscription after the end of
month till 20th of next month amount for which varies from Rs. 399 to 799.
Post paid customers are motivated to convert themselves in prepaid customers with
attractive discount policy.

5|P a ge
 Module -V

Circulation of Times of India Newspapers & Magazines in Vadodara

City:
Comparison of Newspapers:

Name Circulation
The Times Of India 45000
The economic Times 6000
The Indian Express 2800
Business Standard 1300
Gujarat Samachar 110000
Sandesh 72000
Divya Bhaskar 60000
Sources: Given by Company

Graph: Paper Circulation in Vadodara

66| |PPa ag gee

 Module -V

Circulation of Times of India Newspapers & Magazines in Vadodara

PROMOTIONAL SCHEMES:-
TRADE SCHEMES
Offered to channel members
Incentive to increase sales
Challenge for channel member: Balance reader interest while trying to increase sales
to avail benefits of the scheme

Discounts for purchase of larger volumes by vendor

Bonus of 50 paisa for each new account generation by vendor
DISCOUNTS
Mainly for institutional sales
E.g. Bulk sale at schools at discount rates
READER SCHEMES
Directed at final consumer/reader. Mainly to draw in new customers
Varies depending on location & demography
Could include trials, discounts, freebies, combo offers etc.
SUBSCRIPTION SALES
Offer choice of publication for a certain amount of time at a lump sum discount price
Purpose- gaining new customers and making customer switch

77| |PPa ag gee

 Module -V

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF BARODA BRANCH OF TIMES OF INDIA

Organization Chart
Chairman- Ms. Indu Jain
Vice-Chairman- Mr. Sameer Jain.
Managing Directors- Mr. Vineet Jain.
CEO (RMD)- Ravi Dhariwal
President (RMD)- Vikesh Walia
Chief Manager (RMD, Ahmedabad) Mr. Pravin Bhavsar
Manager (RMD, Baroda) Mr. Vijay Shah
Senior Officers (RMD, Vadodara) - Mr.Sandip Desai and Mr. Pintu Dodia.
Officer(RMD, Vadodara)-Mr.Liyakatali Makarani.
National Editor: Mr. Joydeep Bose
Editor (Ahmedabad) Mr. Bharat Desai
Resident Editor (Ahmedabad) Mr. Bharat Desai.
Publishers Mr. Ramesh Dhanani
Editorial Dept (Baroda) - Mr. Sachin Sharma, Mr.Tushar Tere, Mr. Prashant and Ms.
Darshana
Editors (Baroda Times) - Prerna Shah and Soumitra Das
Organization Structure

88| |PPa ag gee

 Module -V

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF BARODA BRANCH OF TIMES OF INDIA

Organization Stucture

Source: Times Of India (RMD, Vadodara)

There are four major departments

Editorial Department

Response Department

Result and Market Development Department

System Department

99| |PPa ag gee

 Module
Module
-V -V

Editorial Department

The h e a d q u a r t e r s of t h e d e p a r t m e n t a r e in D e l h i a n d M u m b a i . The
editorial department is divided into two categories: (1) Editing and (2)
Reporting. The editorial page in Times of India newspaper is divided in to two parts
one is under Main Issue and another part is under the Supplement issue i.e. Baroda
Times. Under main issue the articles of correspondent writers are printed and under
Baroda Times the articles related to glamorous, Fashion, Education, Business,
Environment, etc. are printed. Editorial department is responsible to write at least
five stories every day. Further stories are divided into two categories that are special
and routine.
The editorial department in Baroda is called Reporters Bureau. The editor in
charge collects the relevant stories and articles according to the need and shelf life
,and the selection is done and send to systems head that is responsible to send it to
Ahmedabad by using high speed leased lined network. The editorial department at
Baroda branch consists of five reporters for main issue plus a team of four reporters
of Baroda Times.
Response Department
The response department is one of the most important departments in BCCL.
The main function of this department is to collect advertisements and paid
information. The department is divided into two sections: Development (Getting
Advertisements) and Back Office Operation.
The development section looks after the clientele for advertisements. In the
development section, employees are assigned the fieldwork for getting corporate
clientele. About 4 of them are assigned to book the advertisements and collect the
revenue from the front desk of reception (classifieds & matrimonial). As per the
Audit Bureau of Circulation and depending upon the management policies, this
department keeps the ratio of 60:40 for editorial and advertisement respectively. It
is the revenue center of BCCL. The operation section looks after the
administration. There are two factors on which the department decides the price of
the advertisements: (1) Circulation Reached to the customers and (2) Target
Audience.

10
10| |PPa ag ge
e
 Module
Module
-V -V

Results and Market Development Department

The primary function of the Results and Market Development is related to the
distribution and the promotion of its product that is the newspapers and the
magazines.

Distribution is the most important function of RMD department. The reason for this
is the fact that newspaper requires to be delivered on time to its customers, as it is
the most perishable product (less shelf life). If it reaches late, it loses its value. Hence
distribution becomes an important function. For distribution channels, RMD
requires making decision regarding selection of the distribution channel.

It is very important to select a channel, which distributes the copy in the least
possible time, which is on time and at the same time is also cost effective.

System Department

The system department is one of the four departments at BCCL. It is also

one of the most important departments of BCCI.
The system department works in the prepress activity.
It coordinates the editorial, response and RMD department. The job of the system
department is to merge the ads and editorials. The designing of pages of newspaper
and magazines is done using software called quark Express.
The ads are collected only in PDF and EPs format, which are not allowed to be
modified by others. This data is send through 64 KBPS and 2 MBPS lease lines.
Also there is an ISDN which is a digital form used as a backup. System is equipped
with SAP serve.

11 | P a g e
 Module
Module
-V -V

PLANNING OF DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL

Por Press Packaging of

Papers Transportation

Reaches to Vadodara

Distribution through 4 Depots

Railway Station Sayajigunj Dandia Bazaar Jubelibaugh

200 Hawkers 275 Hawkers 110 Hawkers 425Hawkers

Hawkers Book Stalls

Paid/Line boys Final customers

Final customer

12 | P a g e
 Module
Module
-V -V

PLANNING OF DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL

CHANNEL PARTNERS OF THE TIMES OF INDIA

PRINTING PRESS

It takes the content from the editorial team and prints using high capacity advanced
press machines that deliver the product in packaged condition
Capacity to print over 10 lac copies.
Printing starts around 1-1:30 am usually
After Printing, stacking is done before dispatching newspapers to depots
Labelling done to match stacks with destination
Usually stocks for depots situated the farthest are dispatched earliest.

Depots

The distribution center receives the copies from the transporter and stocks it for a short
duration
Close to numbers of depots in Vadodara
Keep publications (newspaper + magazines) for various companies
Serviced by salespersons who are company employees
Unorganized keep newspapers / magazines scattered on pavements or on steps of some
malls etc.

AGENTS

Employed where distribution is not organized

Exclusive agents of TOI
Work on commission, themselves act as salesmen
Vadodara Market- Working with depot
Vadodara- Working with agency system

13 | P a g e
 Module -V

VENDORS
Like retailers. Link between depot and end consumer
Go to nearest depot every day. Pick out publications they want
They sell via : door-to-door beat boys/single point newspaper stands
MDI vendor serve in areas. He collects newspapers from Old Bus Stand

BEAT BOYS

The delivery boys have demarcated regions/housing societies, which they serve. Hawkers are
individuals who do not have established customers and sell at road sides, bus stands etc. They
make small quantity purchases

Deliver required publications to proper destinations.

Have route-wise list of addresses and their required
newspaper/publications.
3-4 beat boys cover an area via their routes.

INFORMATION FLOW
New consumer/Existing consumer taking or terminating subscription
Inform their Vendor( increase/decrease his order by one )
Vendor Informs the distributor
Distributor informs the company.

CHANNEL MARGIN
Margin given by TOI to channel members is around 30%
More or less uniform rate across the industry
Agents get 5-10%, salesmen on payroll get fixed salary
Vendor receives 20-25%, to cover the costs incurred due to travel, beat boys etc. It depends
on the type and language of newspaper. (Hindi 25%; English 20%).

14 | P a g e
 Module -V

INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY

Newspapers have always been one of the most important providers of news and entertainment,
even though internet and telecommunications are the key sources of information. People have
different norms, values and beliefs. When looking for a newspaper, people are interested in
those that correspond to their beliefs, they are looking for a newspaper that they can identify
themselves with. Consequently, it is important for newspapers to be able to tie customers to
them, to deliver something that satisfies the customer, to give the customer an incentive to be
loyal.

The Indian newspaper industry is witnessing high growth. Earlier, newspaper owners thought
opportunities lay within their own geographical area. But, in the coming years publishers will
be spending over Rs 1,000 crores to invade each other's territories. The newspaper market is
bound to grow. New brands are coming into different territories.

Newspapers have to identity the factors making the customers loyal to their brands, to defend
their market share in this intense competition. Although a great deal of research on loyalty has
been extensively carried out on tangible goods, it is suggested that the existing findings in the
field of tangible product loyalty cannot be generalised to loyalty for newspapers. Newspapers
have distinct attributes from other consumer products. It has very little life-time value. For
example, the morning newspaper has sellable value only from early morning to 10am in one
day. Newspapers are sold at less than their manufactured cost, unlike other products. Profit can
be made only through advertising revenue, which will be backed by circulation

This project study attempts to measure customer continuity / brand loyalty of customers by
identifying the key factors that influence the customers to be loyal to their preferred brands. The
major objectives of this study are to find out the factors influencing brand loyalty and to know
continuity.

15 | P a g e
 Module -V

According to NRS 2006 (the largest survey of its kind in the world), the readership of daily
newspapers continues to grow. They have added 12.6 million readers since last year and
reach 203.6 million people in India.

16 | P a g e
 Module -V

PROBLEM STATEMENT & IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

In today's competitive market place where price is not a differentiator, customers are more deal
oriented and it is very tough to satisfy them. It is very necessary for a company to take feedback
of product as one of the marketing strategies which firms use now days to boost the economic
status of the organization and to lead the consumers decision towards enhancing their mind-set
change.

With this research I am trying to know the existing customer feedback for the TOI English daily
and I am also trying to know their loyalty as these days fast moving world electronic media have
taken over the Newspapers position and very less numbers of people prefers the physical
Newspaper. To get the latest news for the Hollywood or Bollywood, electronic media is more
preferred by the people. On the other side my survey helps the organization to know the mind-
sets of the people regarding the newspaper, as this Newspaper covers all latest news.

This project is the part of MBA program and through this project company will also get
lot of information regarding the existing customer's feedback which will be helpful for the
company to know what their weak point in comparison of competitors. On the other
hand by knowing the strength the company can target the customers and try to
overcome from the weak points

17 | P a g e
 Module -V

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To know the existing customer feedback

2. To find out the continuity / Loyalty of existing customer.

18 | P a g e
 Module -V

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design
Descriptive Research Design
Sources of Data
PRIMARY DATA
Data Collection Method
Survey Method
Population
People Reading TOI English Daily in Vadodara City
Sampling Method
Convenient Sampling Method
Sample Size
100
Data Collection Instrument
Questionnaire

19 | P a g e
 Module -V

Chart 1: Do you read newspaper ?

80

70%
70

60

50

40

30%
30

20

10

0
Yes No

Interpretation:
According to my study, 70% people are reading newspaper and 30% are not reading same.

20 | P a g e
 Module -V

Chart 1: Do you read newspaper ?

Chart 2: Which language do you prefer in terms of Newspaper reading ?

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
English Gujarati

Interpretation:
From the above chart, out of 70 respondents 41 respondents are prefer to read English
newspaper, and rest preferred for Gujarati newspaper.

21 | P a g e
 Module -V

Chart 4: When
3: The do you
main readofnewspaper?
reason choosing TOI group newspaper is.

14

12

10

Interpretation:
In above chart, Trust is found the highest response then other reason.

22 | P a g e
 Module -V

Chart 4: When
3: The do you
main readofnewspaper?
reason choosing TOI group newspaper is.

30

25

20

15

10

0
daily in the morning Anytime during day In free time

Interpretation:
Out of the 41 respondents; only 7 respondents use to read newspaper in a free time.

23 | P a g e
 Module
Module-V-V

Chart 6:
5:What
How did
is the
you
frequency
find the overall
of reading
experience
newspaper
of reading
? the TOI newpaper ?

30

25

20

15

10

0
daily Twice in a week Week-end (sat & sun) once in a week

Interpretation:
Here, high frequency of reading newspaper is 28respondents.

24 | P a g e
 Module
Module-V-V

Chart 6:
5:What
How did
is the
you
frequency
find the overall
of reading
experience
newspaper
of reading
? the TOI newpaper ?

advertisement

editorial/articles

supplements
regularity
poor
quality average
good
updates trust
very good
excellent
schemes/offers

price

circulation

content

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Interpretation:
In this chart, price found in low rating in the overall experience of data collection.

25 | P a g e
 Module -V

Chart 7: Would you recommend TOI newspaper to other readers ?

30

25

20

15

10

0
yes no can't say

Interpretation:
Looking at this chart, 9 respondents are not recommending about newspaper to others.

26 | P a g e
 Module -V

Chart 7: Would you recommend TOI newspaper to other readers ?

Chart 8: would you like to continue with TOI ?

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
yes no

Interpretation:
In above chart, 26 respondents are continuing with the subscription of the newspaper.

27 | P a g e
 Module -V

RESULTS & FINDINGS

From the survey, it was found that people prefer English newspaper and second
readable regional language is Gujarati

Limitation Of Study
We done survey in particular area of Vadodara.
Time limit of survey was less.

CONCLUSIONS
As per Survey peoples are satisfied with the Times of India newspapers.
It was found from the study that Times of India should continue with the different
classified as people are very much satisfied

28 | P a g e
 Module -V

ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS:

Abbreviation Full Form

IRS Indian Readership Survey
NRS National Readership Survey
INR Indian Rupees
M&E Media and Entertainment
AIR Any Issue Readership
BCCL Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd
TSS Times Syndication Service
RMD Results and Market Department

29 | P a g e
 Module -V

PROCESS OF ACCOUNTING.

In daily course of business the credit transaction challen is prepared and at the end of
the day bills are prepared.

This activity is done on daily basses. And the end of the month this entry are recorded
in tally ERP.

In cash transactions, memo are prepared and at the end of the day money are deposited
in bank.

This activity takes place on daily bases and at the end of the financial year i.e. 31/3
final accounts are prepared. Which includes Trading accounts, Profit and loss accounts
and Balance sheet.

RECORDING, MAINTAINING AND CHECKING RECORDS.

The company maintains double entry book keeping system

At the time of sale the entries are recorded in form of challans and at the end of day the same is
recorded in books of accounts in form of journal entries.

The company maintains all the necessary accounts books like purchase, sale, cash, bank,
stock, creditors, debtors, assets, liabilities, loan books and many more.

Generally the company keeps all the books of accounts for a period of 5 years.

At the end of the month closing stock is tallied with the actual stock.

REVENUE RECOGNITION METHODS.

The company recognizes revenue on accrual bias.

I.e.- as an when the transactions are made the revenue is recognized irrespective of
whether the cash is received or not.

30 | P a g e
 Module -V

Same way the organization records the expenses whenever it occurs and not when they
are been pain

31 | P a g e
 Module -V

During the year end, it records all the expenses following in the current year as its
expenses even though the same amount is been pain in the following year.

IMPORTANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES.

i) Inventories

The company follows the policies of recording inventory on the basis of FIFO
method.(first in first out).

As the name suggest the recording of stock is made on the basis of goods which comes
first is sold first

And the goods which are purchased or manufactured at the end are included in the
stock of the company at the year end.

By following this method the company is able to evaluate the actual amount of
goods/inventories with them at the year end.

Generally FIFO is widely accepted method as it shows the true value of goods lying
with the company at the end of financial year.

ii) Depreciation

They follow written down value method (WDV) @10%

There were total 10 machines in manufacturing units.

There are 2 cutting which are used to cute card boards for making files. This machines are
costing rupees 75000,135000.

There are 3 creasing machine which are used for creasing the card boards and then are used
for making file. This machines are costing rupees 8000, 10000, 12000.

32 | P a g e
 Module -V

There are 2 punching machine to have holes in card board for making file. These 2 machines
are costing rupees 35000 each.

33 | P a g e
 Module -V

There are 3 Box file making machine which is used to make box files from the raw material.
This 3 box file making machinesare costing rupees 12000, 25000, 35000.

STANDARDS APPLICABLE.
AS-2 valuation of inventories.

Accounting Standard 2 Valuation of inventories is a measurement

standard having far reaching implications on the financial statements.

AS 2 is applicable to all enterprises, irrespective of the size and nature of b/business

Though, by number it is two, the AS 2 (revised) is applicable to all

Enterprises w.e.f 1-4-99 only. The earlier AS 2 was not mandatory in

nature.

The valuation of inventories takes place with the help of first in first out method (FIFO). In
this the files which are manufactured first are sold first. This type of system is said to me FIFO
method.

AS-6 Depreciation Accounting.

Accounting standard 6- "Depreciation Accounting.

The AS-6(revised) defines depreciation and depreciable assets, sets out the signification of
depreciation, specifies the fixed assets excluded from its scope and coverage.

AS-9 Revenue Recognition.

When there are credit sales, at the time of sales the revenue is recorded.

AS-10 Depreciations for fixed assets

Fixed Assets: The assets held with the intensions for the purpose of producing and it's not held
for sale in normal course of business.

The assets are depreciated with the help of written down value method at the rate of 10%

34 | P a g e
 Module -V

annually. Fixed assets are recorded at book value.

35 | P a g e
 Module -V

Major income and expenses.

One of the major incomes of the company is earned by selling files to large companies
like bombardier, ABB and so on.

Different types of files sold by company are box, spring, government, cobra, specific kind of
files.

Even company earns major portion of income from selling all kinds of stationery products in
form of retailer and wholesaler (in different cities)

It also has a source of earning income by way of providing raw materials at margins to small
manufacturers of files.

The company has its investments made in various other fields from where it earns income in
form of interest.

EXPENSES.

The major expenses of firm are in form of salary and wages paid to employees.

Apart from this there is even the cost of raw materials used in manufacturing process which
shares a major portion of all the expenses it forms.

The company all has to pay interest over the machine loans annually along with running cost
of company

The running cost includes electricity, wages, transportation, office expense and many more.

CONTROL MECHANISM

Control mechanism refers to how strong the internal control system of company is.

The management has its own way over keeping a watch on the working system of organization
in order to maintain the transparency within the firm.

36 | P a g e
 Module -V

The management randomly checks the vouchers with the journal entries made in the books of
accounts.

37 | P a g e
 Module -V

Sometimes even the manager visits the warehouse and personally checks the actual stocks
with the inventories shown in the books of accounts.

The company also uses the modern techniques of keeping a watch over the employees by
using the CCTV facilities to control any kind of frauds taking place in the company.

The company also carries out auditing every two months for their personal benefits to remove
any kind of mistakes or errors that took place during any stage of accounting process.

USE OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATIONS.

Financial information is in forms of balance sheet, profit & loss, cash flow statement
and many more.

The most important use of financial information is at time to setting the targets of
performance for the coming year, as it provides a complete overview of company of
current and previous year which helps in comparing and analyzing the information
before taking any steps in deciding the objectives.

Information provided by this statements are used by company to analyze their year
performance, weather they have improved from the previous year or have faced any
kind of loss.

It's also useful for company to understand the overall expenses made by company and
to keep a control over it by taking various steps to curb it in the following years

38 | P a g e
 Module -V

FINDINGS

By visiting the company we were able to understand how a company operates in this
competitive world

Regarding how the manufacturing decisions are taken by keeping in mind various factors
likely to affect the outcome in future.

We were even able to get insight knowledge on how company tries to minimize the cost by
adjusting the manufacturing process.

What is the paying system of company and what are the major motivational factors for the
employees for employees to maintain their level of efficiency during the entire year.

What steps company takes at time of recession or when the market shows a sign of possible
slowdown in the future.

39 | P a g e
 Module -V

BIBLIOGRAPHIES
Chaudhuri, A. and Holbrook, M. (2002) 'Product class effects on brand commitment and
brand outcomes: The role of brand trust and brand affect', Journal of Brand Management, Vol. 10,
No.1, pp.3358

Jacoby, J. and Chestnut, R. W (1978) 'Brand Loyalty Measurement and Management', Wiley,
New York, pp.4557

Oliver, R. L. (1999) 'Whence consumer loyalty', Journal of Marketing, Vol. 63, pp.3344

Park, S. H. (1996) 'Relationships between involvement and attitudinal loyalty constructs in adult
fitness programs', Journal of Leisure Research, Vol. 28, No.4,
pp.233250

Bennett coleman & co.Ltd

Times Of India (RMD,Vadodara)
The Times of India (Editor, Vadodara)
http://www.timesgroup.com
http://www.timesofindia.com
http://www.wikipedia.org
http://www.sikandarmachines.com/
http://www.ajyamistry.in/
http://smallb.sidbi.in/
http://www.icai.org/new_category.html/

REFERENCE BOOKS

Financial accounting for managers by AMBRISH GUPTA

Advanced accounting by ICAI

Accounting by M HANIF

40 | P a g e
 Module -V

Questionnaire

Dear Sir/Madam,

We Jenis Shah and Aakash Doshi students of C.K.Shah Vijapurwala Institute of Management,
Pratapnagar, Vadodara, Gujarat are undergoing a research work on the topic "To understand customer
preference and purchase intention for reading a NEWS PAPER" We would request you to spare your
precious time in completing this questionnaire, which would enable us to enrich our Knowledge and
complete this study successfully.

PART 1:- ABOUT NEWSPAPER

Q.1. Do you read Newspaper?

(a) YES (b) NO
Q2. Which Language you prefer in term of Newspaper reading? (a)
English (b) Gujarati (c) Hindi

Q3. The main reason of choosing TOI group newspaper is..... (You
can choose more than one option)
(a) Content (b) Trust (c) Quality of News
(d) Subscription Rate (e) Updates (f) Supplements
(g) Advertisement (h Customization

Q.4. When do you read newspaper?

(A) Daily in the morning (b) Anytime during day
(c) In free time (d) Other_

Q5. What is the frequency of reading newspaper?

(a) Daily (b) Twice in a week
(c) Week-end (Saturday & Sunday) (d) once in a week

41 | P a g e
 Module -V

Q6.How did you find the overall experience of reading the TOI newspaper?

Excellent Very Good Good Average Poor

Content

Circulation

Price

Schemes / offers

Updates

Trust

Quality

Regularity

Supplements

Editorial /
Articles

Advertisement

Q7. Would you recommend TOI Newspaper to other readers? (a)

YES (b) NO (c) Can't Say

Q8. Would you like to continue with TOI?

(a) YES (b) NO

42 | P a g e
 Module -V

Q9. Any suggestion with reference to TOI?

PART 2:- ABOUT THE READER

Personal Details
Name: Age:

Gender: Male Female

What is your profile?

(a) Student (b) Employee
(c) Businessma

43 | P a g e