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Research Article
Modeling and Finite Element Analysis of Spur Gear
Vivek Karaveer*, Ashish Mogrekar and T. Preman Reynold Joseph
SMBS Department, VIT University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
Accepted 25 December 2013, Available online 30 December 2013, Vol.3, No.5 (December 2013)
Abstract
The contact stress in the mating gears is the key parameter in gear design. This paper presents the stress analysis of
mating teeth of spur gear to find maximum contact stress in the gear teeth. The results obtained from Finite Element
Analysis (FEA) are compared with theoretical Hertzian equation values. For the analysis, steel and grey cast iron are
used as the materials of spur gear. The spur gears are sketched, modeled and assembled in ANSYS DesignModeler. As
Finite Element Method (FEM) is the easy and accurate technique for stress analysis, FEA is done in finite element
software ANSYS 14.5. Also deformation for steel and grey cast iron is obtained as efficiency of the gear depends on its
deformation. The results show that the difference between maximum contact stresses obtained from Hertz equation and
Finite Element Analysis is very less and it is acceptable. The deformation patterns of steel and grey cast iron gears depict
that the difference in their deformation is negligible.
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Vivek Karaveer et al International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, Vol3., No.5 (December 2013)
analysis of spur gear in ANSYS software and the results the mating teeth of gear. Hertzian equation for contact
are compared with the calculated theoretical values. They stress in the teeth of mating gears is given by,
found that the values of stress obtained numerically were
in good agreement with theoretical results. Vera Nikolic-
Stanojevic et al. (Vera Nikolic-Stanojevic et al 2003) ( ) ( )
(1)
described the procedure which is used to determine the
maximum value of active stress and stress fields on tooth
flanks during the period of meshing. Finite Element
Method (FEM) was used for modeling the contact of tooth
flanks. From the results of equivalent stress fields in
contact areas, they concluded that FEM is the suitable
numerical method for different analyses of contact stresses
on mating tooth flanks. The standard model of gear
without the modification of linear tip relief profile has
been meshed and analyzed by Kristina Markovic et al.
(Kristina Markovic et al 2011) using Finite Element
Method to compare the stresses obtained from Hertz
theory on tooth profile.
In this paper, steel and grey cast iron are used as the Fig. 1 2D Sketch in ANSYS DesignModeler
spur gear materials. The material properties of steel and
grey cast iron are given in Table 1.
Hertz equation is used to determine the contact stresses in 1694.7725e3 (N-mm) = * 31.75 (mm)
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= 53378.6614 N grey cast iron gears. Also the deformation is found out for
both the gears.
Case I- Steel Spur Gear:
4.1 Meshing
For steel gear, equation (1) becomes,
Fine meshing is done to get the accurate results of contact
stress.
4.2 Boundary Condition
= 2601.7984 MPa Fixed support is applied on inner rim of the lower gear.
Frictionless support is applied on the inner rim of upper
From Fig. 6, factor of safety for steel gear is 1.1538. gear to allow its tangential rotation but restrict from radial
translation. Moment of 15000 lb-in or 1694.7725 N-m is
From (2), applied on the inner rim of upper gear in clockwise
direction as a driving torque.
=
= 2254.9821 MPa
From (2),
= 2334.6414 MPa
Fig. 3 Meshing
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Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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