Automatic Water Level Controller With Indicator Circuit - Electronic Circuit Projects

1/7/2017 Automatic Water Level Controller with Indicator circuit Electronic Circuit Projects
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Automatic Water Level Controller with

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hitman at 1:07 PM
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The article
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Circuit...
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Circuit Description
Electroni
Circuit...
As we all know water (in its impure form) that we get in homemadecirc
our homes through our house water supply system, has Electroni
a low resistance to electrical energy. In simple words, Circuit...
water conducts electricity albeit very minutely. homemadecirc
Electroni
Circuit...
Normally the resistance of tap water might be in the
homemadecirc
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Circuit...
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This resistance value is quite enough for electronic for Electroni

Circuit...
exploiting it for the project described in this article that is
homemadecirc
for a simple water level controller circuit.
Electroni
Circuit...
We have used four NAND Gates here for the required homemadecirc
sensing, the whole operation may be understood with

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Referring to the above simple automatic water level Bluetooth (6)
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Point C is placed at the bottom of the tank, while point A Projects (23)
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The outputs from N2 and N4 also remain at low logic, IC 4043 (1)
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IC 4060 (47)
reaches point B, it connects point C and B, input of gate
N1 becomes high making the otput of N2 also high. IC 555 (20)
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Parts List for the above simple automatic water level
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Following parts are required for making this automatic
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R4, R5= 1K,
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RELAY = 12V, 400 OHMS, SPDT,
smps (20)
N1, N2, N3, N4 = 4093
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The above discussed automatic water level controller Surge
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hitman
Hi Friends, Welcome to my site, a place
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How to Make Spy Bug Simple Buzzer Circuit - Piezo

Transmitter Circuit Electric Buzzer Explained
158 comments:
Raj Mukherji December 15, 2011 at 10:10 PM

Hi,
What happened, u shifted from Hubpages to

homemadecircuitsandschematics.blogspot.com?
? Since I didn't find the project: "Wireless Remote
Control Switch" discussed over there, I thought
probably here I can place my query on that
project....can you please let me know if I have to
use a 22SWG magnet wire strictly for the "COIL" or
if I can also use a 22SWG Hookup wire for the
same purpose which will give me the same result?
I think the hook up wire should not give me any
different result as long as the coil specs for the
Colpitts Oscillator are maintained. Isn't it?
Anyways, I built the circuit on my breadboard first

and used 4 Turns 7 mm dia 22SWG wire with
about 2" hookup wire as antenna. I used my
cellphone first as the receiver. Result: I can hear
the melody from the UM66 only when the antenna
is within 1" of the cellphone. Further the sound is
too weak while Freq: 99.2 Mhz. When I used it with
about 3ft long wire as antenna, with L1: 4 turns,
9mm dia and 22 SWG, I could listen to the melody
on my Philips FWD17 when the antenna is near
about 2" of the receiver. But, this time the weak
melody is heard along with the program from
nearby stations and it works between 100.4 to
107.2 Mhz. However, in your comments, you
mentioned that with the suggested components, I
should be able to get clear and loud music. Any
suggestions?
Regards.
Reply
Swagatam December 16, 2011 at 8:46 AM

Hi Raj,
Bright Hub is closed, so I am no longer writing for

it. I have started my own Blog here, so you can
freely comment here, as much as you like.
Coming back to our circuit, the transmitted signals

should be received by any FM radio even from a
distance of more than 30 meters, loud and clear.
If this is not happening then probably your
transmitter is not tuned properly or has some
other problem.
A 22 swg hook up wire will do, or you can also
layout the coil directly on the PCB by making a
soldered "square" shaped spiral, using diode
leads.
However for your present inductor, you can try
manipulating the distance between the turns by
pulling them slightly apart, or squeezing them
together a bit, for optimizing perfect tuning, do
this by keeping your FM radio switched ON (on
some blank channel). Alternatively, you can try
making the coil diameter little smaller and see the
results.
Do you have a cordless FM microphone. You can
easily use it as the remote control transmitter,
however the controlling through it will be possible
by speaking on the mic, your voice will act as the
modulated signal.
Just try the above modifications, feel free to tell if

you need any further help.
Thanks.
Reply

Hello,
Thanks for your response.
I tried my best with the coil modifications

yesterday, but it did not yield any better results :(
Do you think, it is caused due to mounting of the
components on the breadboard (causing

additional impedence)? Have you chosen the
values of the tank circuit (L1 and C3) correctly?
Another question: do you imply the inner diameter
of the coil as 7mm?
A cordless microphone can be substituted here

but I want to make the transmitter myself because
it gives a different level of satisfaction to
construct something on your own. Isn't it?
Please get back to me with your views on this.
Regards,
Raj.
Reply
Swagatam December 16, 2011 at 1:52 PM

Hi Raj,
All the values (inductor and the associated caps)
interact with each other and it can be difficult for a
newcomer to optimize them perfectly unless it is
done by looking at some working sample.
I have made the transmitter circuit at least 10
times so far in my life, and each time I have used a
little different configuration.
Since I'm quite used to with the procedures, I
always manage to make it work through some
minute changes.
As far as I know, all the parts in the given diagram
are OK and suited for generating RF signals within
the FM receivers range.
I'll be posting one related circuit today itself and if
possible I will also publish a scanned image of a
working circuit there.
I'll inform you once it gets published, or may be I'll
direct you to some other link where a working
model is described through pictures.
Until then you can try troubleshooting the existing
circuit.
Regards.
Reply

Does it have anything to do with the length of the
component legs - which I have not shortened but
have placed directly on my "breadboard" instead
of soldering them on a PCB? Regards.
Reply

Hi Raj,
You can see the image here:
http://homemadecircuitsandschematics.blogspot.
com/2011/12/how-to-build-electronic-spy-bug-
circuit.html
Just compare the coil dimensions with the

ceramic disc caps over the PCB, you will get an
idea regarding its actual diameter and the gauge.
Regards.
Reply

Hello Swagatam,
Thanks for the link.
The image is little blurry however, it shows the

presence of a Diode and absence of the
electrolytic condencer 10Mf/10V.
However, if I compare it with my present circuit

parts list, you had suggested there to use 100nF (I
used 104 disc) where as with the "Electronic Spy
Bug Circuit", you have listed 10Mf/10V as C5. This
is little confusing. Please explain. Can you provide
a clear image of the circuit? Regards.
Reply

Hi Raj,
The prototype is of the RF stage only, which I had

used for some other purpose, therefore the 10uF
cap was not required.
The 10uF cap is used just to pass the audio from
the mic and is not critical, however any value from
1 to 100uF is preferable.
Yes the lead length will affect the transmitter
performance and should be kept withing 6mm,
especially with the caps around the inductor.
I took the image using a scanner, that is why only
the coil could come clearer, because it was nearer
to the scanner glass or screen.
You may check this link, see fig.1 (only the left
hand section to R4/C5 is important)
http://sound.westhost.com/project54.htm
Regards.
Reply
Replies
Kondappa Sunil August 18, 2015 at

2:48 AM
We can use this circuit for over
head tank water filling work
Reply
Sunjay December 19, 2011 at 3:55 PM

Hi Swagatam
The circuit here is good for UGT. Now in case of

OHT, the pump, which is fitted on UGT, shud start
when water level in OHT starts falling and goes
below point B. The pump shud stop when water
reaches point A. So pl give a circuit which works
like this i.e pump starts at B and stops at A when
tank gets filled up. Thanks.
Reply

Hi Sunjay,
I understood your need, you can use the above
circuit for it, just connect the phase to the N/C
contact of the relay. That's it, the circuit will now
serve in the reverse order, as per your need.
Regards.
Reply
Sunjay December 21, 2011 at 10:46 AM

thanks swagatam...let me work on it...pl give pin
nos. for the ic..4093
Reply

Hi Sunjay,
You can easily get it online, just type IC 4093
datasheet and click on image at the left, you will
find plenty of pin out images of the IC.
Regards.
Reply
Sunjay December 22, 2011 at 9:45 AM

I tried to search it but found it too complicated. If
you could put the pin nos in the circuit diagram it
will make it easier for me to make it. Sorry for all
this trouble. Thanks
Reply
Swagatam December 22, 2011 at 11:39 AM

Hi Sunjay,
I've put the pin numbers of the IC in the diagram.
Reply
Sunjay December 22, 2011 at 12:09 PM
thank you so much. will revert with results after i

assemble it. !!
Reply
eila December 25, 2011 at 5:52 PM

Hai sir,
This question i refer to the circuit design of "how
to build an electronic water level controller". the
preview one cause i didn't found this project in this
blog. i have some more question to know. why are
you used the 10K resistor at the sensor B and
connect in series to power 12V. Why you not used
the same value of resistor of 100K. Then, why you
choose capacitor 104 to stray pick up. how about
the another value? plz..
Reply

Hi Eila,
Welcome to my blog!
You can use any resistor between 1K and 100K
here, it's only introduced for safety, in case point B
get's shorted with any other point of the circuit.
However since this resistance will come in series
with the water resistance, the total value must not
go beyond say 500K or 1M, or in other words the
total resistance of water and the other series
resistances should be much lower than the
resistance value connected across NAND inputs
and ground. This ensures greater sensitivity and
failproof operation of the circuit.
I hope you understood:-)
Thanks!
Reply
eila December 25, 2011 at 6:47 PM

oh. thank you sir.. how about the capacitor. can i
put difference capacitor value than the 104.
thanks cause you help me a lot to understand the
operation of the circuit design.
Reply

Hi Eila,
Thanks!
Yes, you can put any value capacitor, but not

below 0.1uF as it will make the filtration weak.
Reply
Anonymous January 1, 2012 at 8:34 PM

Hi,
Please explain why your "BrightHub" circuit has

capacitors & this circuit above does not.
Are they not needed anymore?
BrightHub circuit refers to 104 capacitor - is that

104uF?
Many thanks,
Ebb
Reply
Swagatam January 1, 2012 at 8:41 PM

For better response you may include the
capacitors, but is not absolutely necessary.
104 = 0.1uF
Regards.
Reply
Anonymous January 1, 2012 at 8:49 PM

Thank you for your very prompt response !
Regards, Ebb
Reply
Anonymous January 21, 2012 at 9:08 AM

i am using groundwater and you know it will
coated the sensor with rust particle,does sensors
work at that condition?? rust mean brown

particles over sensor due to ground water..
Reply
Replies
Swagatam January 21, 2012 at 9:38

AM
Use brass screws for the terminals
and if possible tin coat the head with
solder.
This will prevent any deposits over
them.
Reply
BilluBhai February 12, 2012 at 11:55 PM

I tried your circuit but i can't understand. So Plz
help how much volt output will pin 11 generate on
execution ? Because I tested a lot more and my
bc548 fried I guess even with the 1k. I might be
wrong.
Also how can I make this to switch AC bell
continuous rather than the pump during empty
and during overflow ?
Also how much voltage is minimum required to
run this circuit Also can this circuit run on AC
power ?
Also will this work with AC current ?

Sorry for so many question.
Reply
Replies
Swagatam February 13, 2012 at

8:52 AM
Pin 11 will produce voltage equal to
the supply voltage.
With a 1K base resistor the
transistor can never fry, if the supply
voltage is within 12 volts DC.
For sounding an AC bell , just

replace the pump connections with
the ac bell wires.
12 V is the correct voltage for
operating this circuit, the relay
should also be 12 volt rated with coil
resistance of 400 ohms.
If the coil resistance is less then use
2N2222 in place of bc548
Regards.
Reply

How to use this circuit in overhead tank (house
hold) ?
I just want this thing as per the above points a b c
1) if water reaches A bell must sound and must be
stopped if reset is pressed
2) if water goes below B than bell must sound and
must be stopped if.reset is pressed
3) The sound for point a and b must be different.
4) there must be a point in middle which will only
glow led no sound
5) there must be a LEDs for a and b too
6) the circuit must operate in dc and AC mode
with external or internal adaptor or circuit or
transformer
Sorry for so many points but I didn't know how to

state this in technical language
Reply
Replies

3:54 PM
OK, I'll try to design the circuit, I'll
inform you once it's posted.
Regards
Reply
BilluBhai February 14, 2012 at 12:09 AM

Thank you
I know I m asking much but curiosity leads to
invention.
Thank you again
Reply
Replies

8:13 AM
Hi Billubhai,
I will design a completely new circuit

as requested by you, however since I
would like to make it into a new
article, I will need some content.
So please provide me with at least a
200 word article about the above
circuit, For example you may
include:
How the circuit should work,
why you need this circuit,
where you will use it,
how it will help you,
about your own interest in

electronics,
about your knowledge about the

subject
I cannot continue this blog without

the readers help...just a little help as
explained above.
Send it to hitman2008@live.in, I'll

design the circuit and publish it here
along with your name and the above
data included in it.
Thanks and Regards
Reply

Okay I m working on it
Reply

Just emailed you
Knindly modify as per need.
Also want to make a correction about indicator led
status led
Very high
Ok (high)
Mid
Low
Verylow
Motor on/off status led
On AC power
On battery Power
System armed status
Total 9 status led
Motor on/off
Reply
Replies

8:05 PM
Got it, Thanks!
I'll publish the article along with the

circuit diagram on 16th of Feb.
I'll inform you the moment it gets

posted.
Regards
Reply
Bhanu Sharma August 4, 2012 at 12:34 PM

Can you help me make a water level
controller(indicator) with following features only,
1. When tank is empty, a motor starts and there is
a buzzer sound, and a red LED glows.
2. When full, Motor stops, red LED stops
glowing,buzzer sound, green LED glows.
3. Using gates
Reply
Replies
Swagatam August 4, 2012 at 2:42

PM
I have posted many water level
controller circuits, you can search
them through the search box. I am
sure your requirement has also been
covered somewhere in this blog
Reply
power powers December 31, 2012 at 10:16 AM

I design the water circuit controller, i want a
circuit that can transmit signal to a gsm network
as per the water control status
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar December 31,

2012 at 2:39 PM
I'll try to find one, and inform you if i

get it.
Reply
Anioko James January 20, 2013 at 2:48 PM

this is the circuit am telling you about.
file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/James/
Desktop/WATER%20LEVEL/water%20level/water
%20lev_files/how-to-make-simple-water-level.htm.
thanks
Reply
Anioko James January 20, 2013 at 2:59 PM

this is the circuit that am telling about that got
blown after 3weeks. am suspecting the power
supply, is 500ma transformer ok? can i use a relay
alone to switch a 1.5hp pump? am waiting for your
reply. thanks so much. this is the link to the circuit.
file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/James/
Desktop/WATER%20LEVEL/water%20level/water
%20lev_files/how-to-make-simple-water-level.htm
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar January 20,

2013 at 3:13 PM
500 ma is OK, but voltage should be
12V.
you cannot use a simple relay, you

will have to use a 30 ampere contact
relay, to operate this the transistor
should be a BD139 or TIP122.
Anioko James January 20, 2013 at

4:37 PM
Sir so if i use 30amps relay do i still
need a contactor? do i need a 12
volts regulator or do i power the

circuit directly from the rectifier
circuit. or is they any circuit you can
refer me to for more efficiency, and
can i use 1amp instead of the
500ma. thanks for your quick
response.

2013 at 5:49 PM
contactor is better, don't use 30
amp relay....operate the relay
through an ordinary relay.
use a 7812 IC for regulating he

circuit, that will be better.
500mA or 1 amp, it won't make any

difference as long as the relay is
getting activated normally, and the
voltage is is not exceeding 12V.
Anioko James January 26, 2013 at

8:47 PM
i thought it was the transformer that
got blown. the transformer is still
working fine, i used the 30amps
relay to energise the 20amps
contactor coil. so if the coil of the
contactor of 20amps got blown. can
the 30amps relay carry the 1.5hp
pump. so what do i do Sir? this is the
link of the circuit
WATER%20LEVEL/water%20level/w
ater%20lev_files/how-to-make-
simple-water-level.htm

2013 at 1:38 PM
you can try connecting the motor to
the 30 amp relay contacts directly, if
the rating is 30 amp genuinely then

there shouldn't be any problem, it
should handle the load.
Ram Bash February 21, 2013 at

12:24 AM
Hi Swagatam, you are doing
wonderful job. I'm using water level
indicators that I want to tie it to your
"How to Make a Simple, Automatic
Water Level Controller and Indicator
circuit", how can I email you my
plan? My email is
canadaramatgmaildotcom
Thanks
Swagatam Majumdar February 21,

2013 at 12:19 PM
Hi Ram,
Thanks very much! You can explain

me the plans here, I'll suggest you
the solutions appropriately.
Ram Bash February 22, 2013 at

10:49 PM
Thanks Mr. Swagatam, Yes, Ive
water reservoir that is pumped from
wale and wale pump is manually
turned on as we need it. The wale
pump is submersed and uses 220v
power. So what I want to do is that I
got this plan from web to show me
my water level and want to know
how to tie it to your Simple Water
Level Controller Circuit with Over
Voltage and Under Voltage Cut OFF
Or any pump control you may
suggest. How can I send the
drawing for water level? Thanks

2013 at 3:08 PM
Hi Ram,
You can upload your image to

www.imageshack.us and provide
the upload link to me, I'll check it and
try to give a proper suggestion.
Reply
Ram Bash February 24, 2013 at 3:35 AM

Thank you again. here is the link
http://imageshack.us/photo/my-
images/35/waterlevel1.jpg/
My ultimate goal is to help poor farmers and
families around the world. You're already helping
so much with your work and long leave!
Reply
Replies

2013 at 10:33 AM
You can connect a relay driver
stage to the buzzer link which is
coming out from the top transistors
emitter. this link can be connected
to the base of the transistor of the
relay driver which is shown in the
following article. Subsequently the
relay contacts may be appropriately
wired with the pump motor for
getting the required actions.
http://homemadecircuitsandschem
atics.blogspot.in/2012/01/how-to-
make-relay-driver-stage-in.html
Reply
Ram Bash February 24, 2013 at 8:31 PM

Thank you Mr. Swagatam, the paln that I sent you
do you think it's the best? What about the the idea
from BilluBhai? Also a note: In nothe America
220V is 3 wires (110v, 110v and negative) How
can I wire it? How abou 5v supply (battery or)?
Can you pls exp when pump will be on and off?
Sorry for many question. Thanks
Reply
Replies

2013 at 10:21 PM
Your application and my
suggestions are perfect, and useful,
the circuits provided in the other
article are overly done....not needed
actually.
You can use the circuit even at

120V.
you can check out the following

circuit for understanding the relay
connections, however for your case
the motor wire would go to the N/C
of the relay, which would stop the
pump when water level reaches the
top of the tank.
atics.blogspot.in/2012/01/circuit-
provided-in-this-article.html
Reply

Thank you once again! Ill work on it next week
and Ill update you on the progress.
Ive left Avionics 20 years ago and now Im just
refreshing myself. Currently Im an IT consultant
(Fiber Optics, LAN)
(This is personal question and you can delete it

before you post it. Are you very well off on funding
your time? I want to build these units for nonprofit
organizations for Africa and North America for
both drinking water and sewage tanks. So my
question is that Ive $100.00 Canadian that I can
send you to help even though very small amount
but Im cutting it from my food, can I send it to just
to help?)
I read all your works and you are doing fantastic
work. Thanks a lot.
Reply
Replies

2013 at 8:45 AM
Thank you Ram,
I definitely wouldn't mind that, we

can help each other, and go ahead
with the plans.
Reply

O' sorry, I'm a bit lost about relay, I'm just learning
so how can I make the relay itself? Thanks!
Reply

Please ignore last message, I just got 1 from my
old car 30/40A. Which one can I use 30/40A, 30A
or 40A ? Thanks again.
Reply
Replies

2013 at 8:55 AM
You will have determine the coil, the
pole, the N/C (normally closed, and

the N/O (normally open) contacts of
the relay, then it would become
easier for you to wire them up.
Reply

This is a great place and you specially.
Here is the plan:
I want to use your IC4049 setup but want it to do
the following: Please help me design it. Thanks
A=Full, B=3/4, C=1/2, D=1/4 and E=Empty
Then each sensor to have LED indications
Power on indicator LED
Pump on LED
D=will have buzzer
B= will start the pump
A=will shut of the pump
Override switch to turn the pump ON/OFF in case
of circuit malfunctions
Since some of the well are slow recovery, that
means no enough water to pump and it should
have timer limit to shut off the pump at set time or
default countdown clock. (The pump will shut off
after so many hour(s) using same circuit)
Another note: In some parts of world they dont
use pump, so only visuals and buzzers needed.
Some of my friends want to fund it to be
manufacturing it via you or china so please your
work and your help very much appreciated. Our
budget is as free as possible since it's for non
profit. You may edit the post as you wish. Thank
you again.
Reply
Replies

2013 at 4:06 PM
Helo Ram,
The problem is that i won't be able
to post your request as a new article

because already I have posted many
similar articles, it would be a
repetition.
And drawing a diagram for the

explanations would be difficult due
to lack of time.
I would suggest you build the 4049

set up which has been provided in
the relevant article....after you build
that, I'll explain you the steps and
ways to modify it further as per your
needs.
What do you think?
I am not expecting any

compensation for this:)
Reply

Thank you so much! Mr. Swagatama, I agree I'll
work on it but can you please draw the circuit as
per my request and email me so we can finish this
project?. Thank you for your kind work!
Reply

Hi, Mr. Swagatam, project will be delayed for 10
days or so because no body in town has IC4049 &
BC547. I'm just ordering it now online. Thank you
and I'll post you with the update. Thank you!
Reply
Replies

2013 at 5:34 PM
OK, that's great
Reply
Ram Bash March 14, 2013 at 3:35 AM

Hi, Mr. Swagatam, Finally got my parts; Ive built
in/2012/01/circuit-provided-in-this-article.html
circuit with T1 and without relay. Do I get any LED
to come on? Does it works without relay being
connected? Please advice how to test this part of
work. Thank you!
Reply

Mr. Swagatam, please ignore my last comment.
I got the circuit to work now can you please help
me as per my request. Thank you very much.
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar March 14,

2013 at 11:03 AM
The circuit will work even if the
relay/transistor stage is removed.
Simply connect this gate (N1) just

like the other gates are connected,
and put point F below terminal E
which becomes the lowermost level
indicator now.
Reply

Thanks Mr. Swagatam, this stage is done. What is
next? May be you can refer to some of my request
on February 24, 2013 at 10:06 PM. Thank you in
advance for your kind work.
Reply
Replies

2013 at 1:09 PM
Thanks Ram,
If you have made the circuit, you

may power it and check the LED
responses. you may connect a
buzzer at the output of gate with
sensor D.
I have answered your previous

email, if it would be a new concept
then surely I would have added it as
a new post, but already there are
plenty of water level controller
circuits in this blog, it wouldn't be
good to repeat the subject once
again.
I am sorry about that.
Reply
Ram Bash March 15, 2013 at 8:14 PM

Thank you Mr. Swagatam, yes I tested the circuit
in breadboard and works great. I agree with and I
don't want new post but help me to modify it as
per my plan. I got power LED and buzzer being
added. Now I need add to time limit for pump to
run regardless of sensor, this is very important in
my case that some wells don't produce enough
water and need recovery time. Maximum pump
run should be 1.5hr. O' what relay is good to you?
my pump is 220v 7A, can I use car relay? Thank
you very much. I don't know how you keep
everyone so happy, what you do is not easy (I
mean running this blog) replying to every
comment in every subject. God bless you!
Reply
Replies

2013 at 9:02 AM
Hello Ram,
A car relay would do, refer to the

following circuit which shows a
timer circuit application for water
pumps:
atics.blogspot.in/2012/04/semi-
automatic-water-level.html
Reply

Thank you Mr. Swagatam, I'll start to build it but
I'm missing some parts and we don't have it
locally so I need to order them. Can you please
help with my custom list so I can order all my
parts and I don't want this project to take months?
I need to run the pump at least 1.5 hour be for off
so what is the C1 value? ( C1=0.22 & R=4.7M
calculation said 1.4 hour)
Also what about C1 voltage, can it be 50V or must
be 25v?
I don't want ask you for every section so please
help me order all the parts I need at once to put
my project complete. Thank you so much.
Also what about C1 voltage, can it be 50V or must

be 25v?
I don't want ask you for every section so please
help me order all the parts I need at once to put
my project complate. Thank you so much.
Reply
Replies

2013 at 10:24 AM
I have updated the parts list, please
check it out. I have made C1 = 1uF

for increasing the time range of the
circuit.
You will have to adjust P1 by trial

and error for getting the required
delay.
Regards.
Reply

Thanks Mr Swagatam, I'll build it and play P1. But,
where do I link the two circuits? What about the
switch? I only want the switches for over ride only.
Thank you again.
Reply
Replies

2013 at 9:04 PM
Hi Ram,
I am getting little confused, please

specify the requirements one by
one.
The discussed timer circuit will

allow you to keep the motor ON for
the time determined by the setting
of P1 after that it will shut
off.....what would you like to
associate with this timer circuit?
an override switch can be added in

series with one of the motor wires.
This switch will be always ON, but
can be switched OFF in case the
circuit fails accidentally.
Reply

Thank you Mr Swagatam for getting back to me
so quick. Sorry to confuse you but in the past
February 25, 2013 at 4:06 PM you told me to build
4049 and I did but now want to integrate with
timer circuit. Thanks again
Reply
Replies

2013 at 11:22 AM
the integration will depend on how
you want the sequence or the
operations to take place, or how the
two circuits interact with each
other..
Reply

Sorry, also can I use1N4148 in place of 1N4007 ?
Thanks
Reply
Replies

2013 at 11:19 AM
yes can be used
Reply

Sorry again, can I use 2N2222A in replace of
2N2222 ? Thanks
Reply
Replies

2013 at 11:19 AM
will do....
Reply

Thank you Mr. Swagatam, when water goes
below sensor B pump should start and run for
maximum of 1.5hour and goes off or when water
reaches sensor A. And remains off for at least
3hours and start pump if water is below sensor A.
This cycle will continue until full or over-ride the
pump. Thanks
Reply
Replies

2013 at 8:16 PM
this will be little complicated....I'll
have to draw it, I'll do it soon.. as
soon as I finish my previous pending
assignments...
Reply

That's great news; I'm so excited to complete it.
Thanks again!
Reply

Wow, I just came across this article that's very
interesting. I thought it may help. Thanks!
in/2012/10/making-multi-function-water-
level.html#uds-search-results
Reply

Hi Mr. Swagatam, any progress? Sorry to ask
again. Thanks!
Reply
Replies

2013 at 12:32 PM
Hi Ram,
Presently I am concentrating on new

posts so I am afraid I won't be able
to help you right now....keep
experimenting with different circuits
in this blog I am hopeful you might
be able to do it all by yourself.....
Reply

Hi Mr. Swagatam,I understand that you are very
busy helping everyone and God bless you. OK I'll
implement this circuit
in/2012/10/making-multi-function-water-
level.html but can you please help me adding a
second IC 4060? Thank you very much!
Reply
Replies

2013 at 10:04 AM
Hi Ram,
Thanks for cooperating, you can

carry on with the work, if you find
yourself stuck in the middle, I am

always there to help you out, so you
don't have to worry....
Reply

Thank you Mr. Swagatam, I'm very grateful to you
too. I'll attempt to do it with your support. Talk to
you soon.
Reply
Replies

2013 at 8:37 PM
You are welcome Ram!
Reply
Flhex Aplaon June 9, 2013 at 3:40 PM

HI SWAGATAM'
Manny thanks to your post.very helpfull to me.im
in electrical works and electronics hobbyist '
assembling water pump controller,ats,and other
motor control circuit.i build your design and its
work great'i save 8x lower to the price of (anly
floatless sensor relay)which i always use every
time i build a controller.
More power to you and god bless'

Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar June 9, 2013

at 9:28 PM
You are welcome Flhex, I appreciate
your response
Reply
Vicky August 11, 2013 at 4:35 PM

Can we use a IC4011 instead of IC4093 ?
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar August 12,

2013 at 11:51 AM
yes, can be used.
Reply
Vesh Raj Aryal December 7, 2013 at 2:36 PM

hi, swagatam
i have made your project but i have some trouble
due to probe. i have used GI Iron Rod as probe it
has electrolyzed after some time and i need to
change it every time so could you give me the
right things which can be better for probe. i am
waiting for your suggestion plz.
Reply
Replies

2013 at 8:08 PM
Hi Vesh,
The probes should be in the form of

small leads such as a screw or a nail
etc, rod is too big to be a sensor.
You can try to get the sensor leads
plated with chromium or tin...tinning
could be a easier option, or simply
look for tin plated metals and use
them as the electrodes.
Reply
Deepak Dubey December 10, 2013 at 4:05 PM

Can I use 15V power supply for a 12V spdt relay ?
Reply
Replies

2013 at 9:22 PM
you can put two 1N4007 diodes in
series with the relay coil for cutting
down 1.2 volts, this will keep the
relay from getting unnecessarily
warm.
Reply
Milad January 15, 2014 at 9:33 PM

Hi
What does diode D2 do exactly in circuit ?!
Reply
Replies

2014 at 6:23 PM
protects T1 from relay coil back
emf
Reply
murtaza January 26, 2014 at 2:11 PM

i m nt understanding latching process. how pump
runs continuous, when the A is not in contact
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar May 19, 2014

at 10:29 AM
positive feedback from R1 latches
N3 input
Reply
khizar daha April 7, 2014 at 6:38 PM

thats i want... but when i run this circuit at
multisim it doesnt work... plz check this... i m
waiting
Reply
Replies
Kevin TN May 18, 2014 at 9:27 PM

Good day,
I am interested in circuit design and

simulation as well but I don have
equipment to take my desire to
another level. Could someone help
me with the design software
preferably multisim because I have
once used it so its easy for me.
My email is nherera.tn@gmail.com if
willing to use it.
Regards.
Reply
Kevin TN May 18, 2014 at 9:31 PM

Hello Swag,
You're doing wonders on this blog. I believe my

carrier will be enhanced here especially if I
manage to get a design software.
Regards
Reply
Replies

at 10:31 AM
Sure Kevin, I hope somebody here
will be able to help you.... I
personally do not use simulation
softwares.

at 10:32 AM
....you are most welcome!
Reply
Murali Sanu June 2, 2014 at 7:07 AM

Cheap Semi Automatic, Tank Water Over Flow
Controller Circuit
Reply
KULWANT SINGH June 6, 2014 at 11:48 AM

.
.

.

$ 5 .

.

555
; 555
. ,

.
mutlivibrator .
.
.

(6V)
555
(100x2, 10k)
(6V, 30A)
548 X2
1N4007
:
( ) Vcc 1/3
, 555
.
, 4 (PIN )

.
3
.
() ( )
. Vcc .
555 (2) .
2
Vcc .
, 2
( ) Vcc
. 555 .
555 BC548
, energizes .
,
.
Vce ( ) = 0.2.
4 . 555
0V .
.

555

.
,
. ()
. 32
.
: :

, .
:
, .
?

Reply
Arun Dev August 28, 2014 at 12:33 PM

sir, i have sent u a circuit regarding the current
topic ( hitman2008..... )
you are requested to check it

Reply
Replies

2014 at 1:49 PM
Arun, I have seen it, but could not
study it fully due to lack of time.
As for the single terminal sensor, it

is not possible according to me.
you can try float switch mechanism

for a corrosion free operation.
Reply
faisal shehzad September 6, 2014 at 5:07 PM

sir why we use 4 nand gates in this circuit, i mean
why we would not use two nand gates, and how
diode become forward biased.
sir please explain me about diode working.
i shall be very thankful to u.
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar September 8,
2014 at 9:37 AM
Faisal, I have explained the circuit
functioning in the article above, for
learning how the NAND and the
diode work you may have to learn
their basic tutorials first
Reply
Arun Dev November 5, 2014 at 4:11 PM

Sir you are requested to just go through the email,
i have send to you.
Reply
Dihan Nadeesha March 3, 2015 at 5:40 PM

hello,
If I want to connect this circuit for the water tank
that works with 220v what changes should I
make? practically must control a pump that
operates at 220v.
Advance many thanks.

Reply
Replies

2015 at 7:21 PM
hello, the above circuit is meant for
220V operation, see the relay
connections it's configured with
mains voltage.
the circuit will need to be powered

from a 12V adapter.
Reply
Harsha Samagara April 18, 2015 at 11:55 AM
Hi,
Please let me know which tool/software do you

use to design PCB layout and how do you make
PCBs ?
Thanks,
Harsha
harsha.snmp@gmail.com
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar April 18, 2015

at 3:18 PM
Hi, I normally use CorelDraw for
drawing the schematics and the
PCB layouts
Reply
Kondappa Sunil August 18, 2015 at 2:51 AM

I can use this circuit to fill water in over head tank
Reply
Replies

2015 at 2:24 PM
yes you can use it....
Reply
NAVEEN K.P September 29, 2015 at 3:47 PM

Sir I want to connect it with the water tank having
440 v supply .what modifications should I
make.....what relay contacted should I use...
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar September

30, 2015 at 8:20 AM
Naveen, you might need a
12V/440V/25amp relay for
this....talk with your parts dealer for
more info regarding the exact specs.
Reply
NAVEEN K.P September 30, 2015 at 8:34 AM

Sir do contactor is better or relay is better to
operate 3 phase current....
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar October 1,

2015 at 8:17 AM
Naveen, a contactors is also a form
of relay, but these are much heavier
in terms of current capacity than the
conventional relays, and therefore
better suited to handle high current
loads
Reply
Aldho Thoriq December 21, 2015 at 11:55 AM

can you give me a blue print of mr ajay dussa pcb
layout ??
Reply
Unknown January 7, 2016 at 8:58 PM

Hi Swagat,
It is really good to get all these information. I have

same requirement of water indicator which I am
going to make now.
I have one query regarding the wireless receiver,

that my building is quite high and the receiver will
be around 500 meters + distance from the OHT.
Can you please able to provide me the desing of

the receiver to cover that big distance.
Reply
Replies

2016 at 9:33 AM
Thank you! I have explained a
similar concept in this website for
enabling remote water level control
operations within 100meter range,
which can be found here:
http://www.homemade-
circuits.com/2014/05/remote-
controlled-wireless-water-level.html
for higher ranges you would

probably require an RF module
capable of providing that much
range, I think there are such
modules with identical external
configuration but with greater range,
you can Google it online.
Reply
Sebas Piatti June 8, 2016 at 1:37 AM

Hi,
very helpfull post!

Can you help me telling me how to deal with the
circuit running reversing the relay?
I need it to run at the NC position because I have a
Preassure sensor to activate the pump and I want
to disable the system when no water is at the
bottom level sensor opening it. When the both
sensors are powered then the relay become open
instead of closed. Thanks!!!!

Reply
Replies

at 5:08 PM
Hi, thanks, if you want to reverse the
relay and the motor operations, you
just need to apply the indicated N/O
phase supply to the N/C contact of
the relay
Sebas Piatti June 8, 2016 at 6:30

PM
Thanks foir your reply!
I did that, but I guess I need to
explain myself better.
The system needs to operate the

opposite way you planned, I need to
power the relay coil when NO water
is in the tank but turn it off when
water reaches the top sensor so the
pump get in phase. Then gates get
latched (relay power is still off) until
water reaches the bottom sensor
where reley coil is powered and
pump circuit opens. I just not want
to get the relay powered all the time
because almost 99,9% of the time
the UGT tank would be filled. I think
that its better to activate to shut the
system of in case of no water is
present.
Thanks again!!!!

at 9:56 AM
If you don't' the relay to be powerd
all the time then you can try
replacing the BC547 with a BC557
and connect the relay/diode

assembly across its collector and
negative supply...the emitter will go
to the positive supply....rest
everything can remain exactly as
given in the diagram
Reply
Kausik Paul June 13, 2016 at 2:53 PM

Sir can i use ic 4017 here? Another thing i did not
understand why u have not used 1n4007 as a free
wheel diode?
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar June 14,

2016 at 8:25 AM
Kaushik,
you can use IC 4017 or any other

suitable configuration for
implementing the idea....you can use
1N4007 diode for the relay coil if the
relay coil resistance is much lower
or if the relay is rated to handle more
than 20 amps
Reply
Kausik Paul June 14, 2016 at 8:59 PM

Is it necessary to change resistance or transistor
value if i use ic4017? Another thing u have not
provided pcb layout, is there any software to make
layout?
Reply
Replies

at 7:57 AM
the resistance wattage can be 1/4
watt but the configuration will
change entirely.
for the PCB you can contact any

qualified PCB designer, he will do it
for you.
Reply
gowhar khan July 13, 2016 at 3:59 PM

Sir, can i use 2m ohm resistor instead of 2M2 or
any other suitable number. kindly help
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar July 13, 2016

at 8:41 PM
Gowhar, the value is not critical it
just has to be much higher than the
resistance of water
2M will do
Reply
Mike July 30, 2016 at 6:44 PM

Dear Mr. Swatagam. Many thanks for your well
designed circuits. I wish to pump water in a
similar fashion from a tank collecting rain water.
Will the high resistivity of the water be too high for
this circuit to work and if so is there a way of
amplifying the signal to make it work? Our rain
water has a conductivity of 5 to 6 microsiemens/
cm compared with our municipal supply at 200-
300 microsiemens per cm. I have to pump the rain
water from a 750 litre collection tank near the
house to a position above and behind the house to
fill two 5000 litre tanks. Thanking you, Mike Ellis.
Durban. South Africa.
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar July 31, 2016

at 10:20 AM
Thanks Mike, Rain water will also
have some impurity in it since it has
to go through many pollutants in the
atmosphere, and this will be enough
for conducting electricity to some
extent. But if there's a lot of
movement in the water then the
sensitivity of the probes can get
affected...to remedy this you can
add a pipe enclosure around the
probes, meaning use a long pipe
inside the tank, and keep the probes
inside this pipe such that the water
column inside the pipe can be used
for the conduction and detection.
Reply
Mike September 1, 2016 at 12:00 PM

My water project is up and running thanks to your
circuits. Sensing probes are always a problem
and I used a simple method in the pharmaceutical
industry since 1979. Simply use 2mm 316
stainless welding rod forced through a 1.5mm
drilled hole in a good quality plastic fitting. It never
rusts and is small enough not to be affected by
too much water motion. In addition, your circuit
can be driven by 3 or 4 volts, so , I used second
hand 5 volt cell phone chargers to power them.
These are obtainable locally for ZAR 10. These
give plenty power to drive 6 volt relays and of
course they have been designed almost bullet
proof and are compact. I have the project on
facebook (Mike Ellis Kloof) and made the project
public, so you can see it if you want. But
essentially I am collecting water off our roof and
ditching the first 400 litres as a first flush. As soon
as the tank is filled a 0.55Kw pump is switched on

and that sensing circuit also powers another relay
to switch on a second sensing circuit on the
2x5000 litre main tanks. When the main tanks are
full their sensor redirects the water to the ground
at the back of our property. The main tank feed is
then used via a pressure controlled pump to feed
the house. This pump is also protected by one of
your circuits to switch off in the event the tanks
get empty. Thank you once more for your circuit
which I have acknowledged on Face Book. The
circuit I used for 40 years at my work (NBI -
www.nbi-sa.co.za ), used BC337 and BC327
transistors and three relays. It was also bullet
proof, but the cost of the relays made it expedient
to use your circuit. Once more thank you for your
effort to make life easier for us. Kind regards,
Mike.
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar September 1,

2016 at 4:52 PM
Thanks so much Mike, that's
amazing, you have turned my
designs into reality.
I appreciate your efforts a lot, in

future if you have any queries
regarding any new circuit-idea
please feel free to drop a comment,
I'll be always there to help you.
cheers!!
Reply
VICKEY September 3, 2016 at 7:05 PM

CANE I USE A RELAY JOX-15F(90)
Reply
Replies
Mike September 11, 2016 at 7:52

PM
My apologies for not replying as i
was not sure if the question was
directed at me. A JQX - 15F (90)
works well but I prefer the smaller
footprint such as RT424006 but they
are only rated at 8amps whereas the
JQX is rated up to 40 amps
depending on the one you get.
Regards, Mike.
Swagatam Majumdar September

12, 2016 at 8:40 AM
thanks Mike, you have been very
helpful!!
Reply
ragavan ganapathy October 6, 2016 at 8:31 PM

Dear Sir,
Thanks for sharing this valuable information, Hats-

off to you.
As per this circuit it is working very well, but when

it is connected to Half or One HP motor, when it
goes beyond 'B' motor getting ON and when it
touch 'A' motor is getting OFF, and then now it is in
standby for 1 hour and 30 minis motor is in OFF
condition only, but same all three points (A,B,C)
are immersed, after 1 hour and 30 minis motor is
switched ON automatically if it is even all three are
immersed and it is not getting switched off till we
OFF manually, can you please help how to rectifies
this issue. I'm using every thing as you told.
Thanks & Best Regards

PG Ragavandir
Reply
Replies

2016 at 7:57 AM
Thank you Raghavan, I appreciate
your enthusiasm,
check the circuit again by replacing

the motor with a 100 watt bulb, if it
works normally then the problem
could be in the relay, or due to
instability.
Make sure the relay contacts are

rated to handle at least 30 amp
current and for this the BC547 driver
transistor will need to be upgraded
to 2N2222, and also connect 0.22uF
capacitors in parallel with R2, R3
and across base/emitter of T1.
also if the water is turbulent in the

tank, then the sensors might fail to
detect the connections across the
terminals....to prevent this you can
immerse the contacts within a
plastic pipe so that the water
column inside the pipe provides
stable water levels for the sensing.
Reply

Dear sir,
Eagerly waiting for your reply.

PG Ragavandir
Reply
Replies

2016 at 4:49 PM
Dear Ragavan, I have already
replied, please see the previous
comment
ragavan ganapathy October 13,

2016 at 11:57 PM
Dear sir,
Thanks for the response & support,

sir I tried what you told but same
problem again, now I came to know
that after the motor getting 'ON'
automatically after 1 hour 30 min
because of the BATTERY, If we
change new battery to the circuit
immediately, again the circuit is
working normally.
Sir in this case whether I can use

transformer? if so please tell me
how to connect transformer and
which one? If you say I will send
photo sir. Eagerly waiting for your
reply.

PG Ragavandir

2016 at 8:54 AM
Dear Ragavan, battery is actually
not recommended since it can
discharge and cause instability, a
transformer power supply is ideally
recommended for this circuit.
alternatively you can buy a

12V/1amp AC/DC adapter from the
market and simply connect its (+)(-)
wires at the points where you had
previously connected the battery

supply, that's all you need to do for
the wiring
ragavan ganapathy October 14,

2016 at 2:05 PM
Dear Sir,
I'm happy for your continuous

support, will test and come up with a
good result soon sir. thank you very
much.

PG Ragavandir

2016 at 5:22 PM
You are welcome Ragavan, wish
you all the best!!
Reply

Dear Sir,
Circuit is working nicely sir with a slight change,

thanks for your support so kind of you.
Will be in touch with your permission sir.

PG Ragavandir
Reply
Replies

2016 at 9:38 AM
That's great Ragavan, I am glad it's
working for you! keep up the good
work.
ragavan ganapathy November 14,

2016 at 10:16 AM
Dear Sir,
Greeting for the day, sir I'm looking

for a circuit which Pump Motor get
'ON' & 'OFF'by using Remote or by
mobile message for around 10 Km
surrounding, it will be used for
Farmers for there land (which they
can be bit tension free). if possible
can you help me for supporting
them please.

PG Ragavandir
Swagatam Majumdar November

14, 2016 at 7:49 PM
Dear Ragavan,
I'll try to upadte the article soon in

my website.
Reply
ragavan ganapathy November 14, 2016 at 10:25

PM
Dear Sir,
Thank you very much sir, so kind of you. Looking

forward for your update sir.
Best Regards
PG Ragavandir
Reply
Replies
Swagatam Majumdar November

16, 2016 at 11:16 AM
You are most welcome!
Reply
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Automatic Water Level Controller With Indicator Circuit - Electronic Circuit Projects

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1/7/2017 Automatic Water Level Controller with Indicator circuit Electronic Circuit Projects

Electronic Circuit Projects

Automatic Water Level Controller with

which can homemadecirc

underground water tank by switching the pump motor Electroni

This resistance value is quite enough for electronic for Electroni

sensing, the whole operation may be understood with

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How it Works (17)

Now when the water reaches point A, input of N3 Infrared Projects

Power Supply (31)

D1, D2 = 1N4148, Sea Energy (2)

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Dussa, the following images sent by Mr. Ajay confirm Temperature

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Raj Mukherji December 15, 2011 at 10:10 PM

What happened, u shifted from Hubpages to

Anyways, I built the circuit on my breadboard first

Swagatam December 16, 2011 at 8:46 AM

Bright Hub is closed, so I am no longer writing for

Coming back to our circuit, the transmitted signals

Just try the above modifications, feel free to tell if

Raj Mukherji December 16, 2011 at 1:18 PM

Thanks for your response.

I tried my best with the coil modifications

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A cordless microphone can be substituted here

Please get back to me with your views on this.

Swagatam December 16, 2011 at 1:52 PM

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Swagatam December 16, 2011 at 3:32 PM

You can see the image here:

Just compare the coil dimensions with the

Raj Mukherji December 16, 2011 at 4:02 PM

Thanks for the link.

The image is little blurry however, it shows the

However, if I compare it with my present circuit

Swagatam December 16, 2011 at 5:16 PM

The prototype is of the RF stage only, which I had

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Sunjay December 19, 2011 at 3:55 PM

The circuit here is good for UGT. Now in case of

Swagatam December 19, 2011 at 8:15 PM

Sunjay December 21, 2011 at 10:46 AM

Swagatam December 21, 2011 at 12:38 PM

Sunjay December 22, 2011 at 9:45 AM

Swagatam December 22, 2011 at 11:39 AM

Sunjay December 22, 2011 at 12:09 PM

thank you so much. will revert with results after i

eila December 25, 2011 at 5:52 PM

Swagatam December 25, 2011 at 6:18 PM

eila December 25, 2011 at 6:47 PM

Swagatam December 25, 2011 at 7:02 PM

Yes, you can put any value capacitor, but not

Anonymous January 1, 2012 at 8:34 PM

Please explain why your "BrightHub" circuit has

Are they not needed anymore?