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SERVICIO NACIONAL DE APRENDIZAJE SENA

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CENTRO DE LA INDUSTRIA Y LA CONSTRUCCIN Fecha: 10/07/2016

COMPETENCIA

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Reading Comprehension - The Ohms Law

Ok now, were going to talk about Ohms Law. Ohms Law is probably the most fundamental
equation in the whole world at electrical circuitry. Anyone who deals with circuits in any way
understands and uses Ohms Law on a regular basis and Im going to explain this in the context of a
diagram of a simple circuit here.

Ive just drawn a battery and a light bulb because once again were familiar with the batteries and
light bulbs weve seen things like this, so this is easy to understand. Lets imagine a little light bulb
here and we run a wire from the battery over to the bulb and then form the bulb back to the other
end of the battery and inside the buld is the filament and when the current goes through it, it shines.

Whenever you have something like this, a circuit element like this light bulb in a circuit, there are
three variables to consider. There is the voltage, and the symbol for voltage is V (capital V), and
voltage is measured in volts, so you would say in this case the voltage is one point five volts (1.5V)
or if you have the electrical outlet in your home, you would say the voltage is a hundred and twenty
volts (120V). Unfortunately the symbol for volts is also V.
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So you have the voltage and volts. You have the resistance and we call that capital R. Resistance is
exactly what the name implies, its resistance to current flow.

Everything has some resistance, well almost everything. Almost everything impedes the flow of
current in some way, and things that you put in the circuit, for example the light bulb, has a
significant amount of resistance. The wires have very little resistance, which is exactly why we use
them. In fact the resistance of the wires is so small compared with the resistance of the bulb, that
we consider the resistance of the wires to be zero (0). Thats really a good approximation, its not
quite zero (0) but its really close. So its a good approximation to just ignore the resistance of the
wires.

The resistance to current flow in this circuit primarily comes from the bulb and anything that you
put into the circuit (you could put a light bulb there, a heater a toaster) anything has some electrical
resistance, and resistance is measured in Ohms (O H M S). Resistance is measured in Ohms and
the symbol for Ohms is the Greek letter Omega (), this is the last letter of the Greek alphabet.

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 Versin: 01
SERVICIO NACIONAL DE APRENDIZAJE SENA
REGIONAL TOLIMA
CENTRO DE LA INDUSTRIA Y LA CONSTRUCCIN Fecha: 10/07/2016

COMPETENCIA

And then the third thing to consider is the Current and the symbol for current is I, and is measured
in Amps and the symbol for amps is A, which is kind a nice, that makes sense. And some times you
hear the term, instead of Amps, you hear Amperes.

Now here is Ohms Law: these three things, the voltage, the resistance and the current are all related
by a nice simple mathematical equation. This is it: V equals I times R (V=IR) V is the voltage, I is the
current and R is the resistance. And this equation is known as Ohms Law.

Ohms Law, which is commonly written like this V equals I R (V=IR) can be rearranged algebraically.
I equals V over R (I=V/R) and this is just the original equation: V equals I R (V=IR) just rearranged
algebraically. So I is the current, V is the voltage and R is the resistance.

So think about voltage, remember voltage is what motivates the current flow. You increse the
voltage that causes more current to flow and resistance is that which opposes the current flow, so
if you put in something that has higher resistance that will interfere, that will impede and cause
lower current, a lower amount of current to flow.

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