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    Gorakh Raj Joshi
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    ioe Bex III/II model questions

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    7 vizualizări72 pagini

    Bexq Iii Ii

    Încărcat de

    Gorakh Raj Joshi
    ioe Bex III/II model questions

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PDF sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    33 TRIBEUYAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Examination Control Division 2071 Bhadra Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. Aitempt All questions. ‘The figures in the margin indicare Full Marks, Assume suitable data if necessary. KAA ., Derive a relation for the field intensity for the array of two elements isotropic radiators in various conditions. Show the condition for broad side and end fire array with necessary diagrams, (6] 2. Explain any five parameters of antenna. (5 3. Compare Yogi antenna with log periodic entenna. Explain the working principle and design of log-periodic antenna. [248] 4. A parabolic reflector antenna having antcana efficiency 95% is designed for 3 GHz : resonant frequency with 2.5 dB waveguide loss. Find out the antenna diameter if effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) is calculated 46 d3W and transmitting power is S00 W. [8] 5, Write down the fictors which affect the space wave communication. Explain the major characteristics of MW and SW radio propagetion {3*0} 6. With a mathematical relation of refractive index of ionospheric layer derive a relation of critical frequency and maximum uszble frequency (MUF) of radia waves with necessary explanation. Consider the earth ig not curved. [81 7. How do you get Friis transmission equation and path loss in case of free space wave opagation? eH] & Explain the working principle and design of (a) Marconi antenna (b) Rhombic antenna, [5+5] 9. Explain the construction, light propagation mechanism ard application of diffixest types of optical fiber. (aay in nitro” professional 33 TRIBHLVAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINETRING Examination Control Division Programme 2070 Bhadra Veur/ Part ji - Propagation and Antenna (EX653) Y Candisares are required to give theit answers in their own words as far as practicable. Y Attempt All questions: Y The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks Y Asswene suitable data if necessary 1. Define antenna, Describe the operation of infinitesimal dipole with the halp of smathemetical relations and the field pattern. 8] 2. ‘Rxplain the following antenna perameters: [242] 2) Half Power Beuwwidth 8) Direetivity 3. State the principie of pattern multiplication, Use the principle to abtain a wave pattern for arey of two short dipoles for following cases where (ci = dipole separation and (~) = current phase difference, 24343] 2) Dipoles aligned perpendicular to the array axis with ¥) Dipoles aligned perpendicular to the array axis with 4. Explain the working principle ofRhombio enteana. - 5, Derive the relation for flare angle and length of a pyramidal horn antenna, pI 6, Explain the construction, working principle and design feature of Log Periodic Antenna, [10] 7. With a neat diagram, explain the designation of radio waves according to the path they follow during propagation. Also, compare the propegation cheracteristics for different radio bands. [446] 8 a) Desccibe kniit edge diffraction phenomenon. is] b) Explain the effect of apace wave propagation on the ground of plane and actual earth. [5] 9 Where are optical fibres most widely used? Explain the various advantages and disadvantages of optical fibers over metal wire communication. Lo) 10, What is an acceptance angle? Derive end expression to calculate the acceptances angle. [247] n nitro?" professional a. 34. TRIBIOVAN UNIVERSITY ~ INSTITUTE OF ENGINESRING Examination Control Division 2069 Bhadra Candidates arc required to give their answers in their own words as far 2s practicable. Attempt All questions, The Agures in she margin mdicate Full Marks Assume sidtable data ifnecessary. 1. Explain the characteristics of 2/2, 2 and 128A length dipoles where 3 is the wavelength - of operating frequency. (61 ae Exphin the’ mechanism by which the electric line of forces are detached fiem the dipole _ antenna to form the fee space waves. i) Moin the following anteana parameters; (a) Antenna efficioncy (b) Polarization. ay a antenna arrays and also derive a muthematical expression for the array of two ~ fement isotropic radiators. 161 éplain the construction, wosking prineiple and design of an Yagi antenna. toy ~ 3 _ Explain the fimdamentals as well as impoitance of ground ahd ground system ‘construction in vertical monopole antenna. B) - Tn cage of radio wave propagation define surfice, ground reflected, direct and shy waves. Also, compare the propagation characteristics of different bands of radio flequencies, — [4+8] Derive an expression for the path loss in case of radio wave propagation. 012) 7 Fanaa the advantages and disadvantages of opticel fibre communication over the ‘metallic wire communication system, ny — 10. Explain the cispersion end attenustion properties of an opticgl fibre. 6] F nitroPF: ; - 4 @ nitro™® professional 38 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE: OF ENGINEERING Examiuation Control Division 2070 Bhadra Communication System I axes2)_ ~ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. ¥ Attennpt All questions Y The figures in the margin indicate Kull Marks, ¥ Assume suitable deua if necessary. Differentiate between noise and interference. What are the firsitations posed by them in communication system? (343) 2. Define linear time invariant system. What is the significance of such system in communication engineering? (2431 3. List out aay three the properties of autocorrelation furetion, Mention the autocomelation function of white noise. 343] 4. How is SSB different from conventional fall earsier AM? Describe how ting modulator cen be used to generate DSB-SC. [245] 5. What is vestigial side band modwation? What is the motivation bebind using VSB? Why is VSB suitable for television transmission? [24242] 6. The anplitude modulated signal is given by x(Q) ~ 50 cos(2m x 10° t} + 15 cos(2x x 10° t) cos(2m x 10°t) + 20 cos(2m x 10%t) costa x 107 9. [242] a) Draw the spectrum 1b) Find the total modulated power. ¢) Find the net modulation index, 7. Explain envelope detector. Include in your explanation how the values of capacitor and resistors be chosen so that the cutput of detector is the envelope of the sigoal asits input. [6] 8. How can synchronous demodulator be used to derect DSB-SC wave? Exphin nutheratically, the effects of phase error and ficquoacy cxror in local oscillator while demodulating DSB-SC. {o13] 9. How is the spectrum of Nasrow band FM similar to and different ‘rom the spectrum of conventional AM? Explain how NBPM is generated by using Armstrong’s method. [245] 10. Explain with.necessary mathematical relations, the demodulation of FM wave usiag noo synchronous metho. 19) 11, What are the requirements for a good mdio receiver? Explain the operation of a superheterodyne receiver. [45] 12, Write short notes on: [545] 2) FDM Telephone Hierarchy 8} Dictortiontens Transmission n nitro?" professional p as TRIBHLVAN UNUVERSITY INSITHUTE OF ENGINEERING Leva Examination Control Division frogs 2070 Mag Near /imi mea Subject: - Communication Sysiem | (£X652) ¥ Candidates are required to give theit answers in thet own words as far as practicable, Attempt Ail questions. ‘The figures in tke margin indicate Full Marks, ¥ Assume suitable data if necessary. 1 8) Define modulation and explain the wasons fbr mudulation. Compare avise, distortion and interference, 4] b) Differentiate between energy spectral density fimetion and power spectral dersity fonction. Dative the expression of power spactial density fimction of a arbitrary signal (0) [+6] 2a) Compare various types of AM systems in (ems of transmission power and ‘transmission bandwidth, Expalin any one nethod generating DSB-FC AM. (2+4] BD Given the modalted wave, u(-[20*2es3000nt+10001600Ont| cost whore £=10'E, [2a] 3) Sketch the spectrum of the signal 1) Find power contained in each frequency component 1) Calculate efficiency jv) Transmission bandwidth of the aystom 3._a), Derive the expression for SSB wave madelated by a low pass sigma m(). 6) CB) What is the limitation of squate kaw descctor for DSB-AM detcction? Explein the operation of enivetofe detector with required diagrams end conditions. (26) 4, aleTerive the expression for sigml tone modulsted £M signal inte of Bessel epefficients, [6] py Explain the role of amplitude limites used in limiter diseritsinator method. Prove that <7 PLL cam be used as PM demodulator . . [26] 5. a) Why preemphasis and de-emphesis circuits are required ia commercial FM ~—“troadcasting? Explain the functional block diagram of steree encoder [244] b) In. an EM systoun a baseband signal band limited to 10 KHZ maduletes 100 MHZ caricr wave so that the fiequerey deviation is 75 KHZ. [44] Find i) Carviee Frequency swing in the FM signal and modufstion index 4) Phe practical bandwidth of the fin signat 6. Short notes on: (aay Hw) [xs] <3} Distovtionlyes Transmission Ti’ Trequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) iil) Suporheterodyno Receiver in nitro?" professional 34 TRIBIUVANUNIVERSEIY. INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Examination Control Division. ~ % Candidarcs ate required to give their answers in their own words as far as practieuble. Attempt Ad questions. Y. The figures tn the margin indicate Full Marks, Assume sucabte date if necessary. 1. What are the main components of analog communication system? Describe briefly about ~ each component Find the transfer fumetion for distortionless system (2+5+3] 2. Define energy and power spectral density fimctions. Find power spectral density and - average power for the periodic signal defined by g(t) = A cos(2aft+@). tH6) 3. What do you understand by modulation? Why modulation is necded? Find the time and frequency domain expressions for standard AM wave for single wane message signel. [2+2+6] “4. An AM wave is represented by Sau(t) = 70 (140 Boos 25132.741) cos (9424777.961) voit. (25) ~ Find: 1) Amplitude of all frequency compenents ii) Modulation index J#) Maximum and minimum amplitude of AM wave iy) Bandwidth of the signal vy) Power spectrum of the modulated signal. S. Describe how eavelupe delevior can be used for demodalation of standard AM wave. Explain why DSB-SC and SSD can not be demodulated using envelop detector. [era] 6, Find the time demain expression for signal tone FM modulated wave, in lens of Bessel coefficients. Derive the expression for estimating practical bandwith of a FM signal. ter] ~ 2 Acsinusoidal modulating signal m(t) = Seos 18849.55t is applied to an YM modulator that has a frequency sensitivity of 9 KHz/V, The amplitude of the cartier is 25V and the Eraquency is €8.7Mbx, Compute: [25] ~ i} Peak froqucney deviation ii) Modalation index fil) Frequeney swing iv) Carson's bondwidth and - ‘¥y) Total power delivered it 1092 resistor. 8. Describe the principle of frequency division mmultiplexing (FDM) with its standard L hierarchy in telephony system. [ate - L @®) nitro” professional 45 URIBAUVAN UNIVERSITY Examination Control Division. KAAK INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING 2068 Jesthia Cardidates are required to give their answers in theie owa words as far as practicable. Auempt Ad questions. The figures in the margin indicate Pull Marks, Assume suitable daia if necessary ‘Draw and explain the functional block diagram of analog communication system, Define modulation and justify its use in communications. (44442) Express the single side-band modulated signal in-termns of the band-limited modulating signal m() and its Hilbert transformation. Briefly discuss filtering, method of gonerating SSB signal. Gray Differentiate between FDM and TDM. Draw spectral details. and explain various standard groups of FDM telephone hierarchy. (476) ‘With examples, differentiate between distortion, noise and interference. Briefly explain aay four types of noise encountered in communication. (Ge) Evaluste the maximum data rate that can be transmitted error free through a channel with a bandwidih of 1 Mhz anda minimum of 10 dB SNR at the input of the channel decoder. ao) Define information, Dotive the expression for evaluating the average amount of information coniained in a statistically independent long sequence of syrubols, (40) Derive the expression for the impulse response of @ matched filter for an arbitrary, input signal z(t). (10) Write short notes on: S45) a) Threshold effect in FM b} Convolutional coding @) nitro” professional 32, “CIBALW AN UNTYERESTTY Tika. i INSTITUTHOF ENGINEERING = (bye | pew Wxamiation Control Division [Programme | BEX 2068 Bhadra years Part” __., Subject: - Communiivalion Systeii I Y Cardiddtes are required to giva their enswers.in their own words.as far as practicable, Y Attempt All questions," Y. The figures in the margin indicate Bust atarks Y Assime suitable dais if necessary 1. What msjor elements does a communication system contains? “Commacnication over long distance is imposible without modulation. Modulation is must to mitigate sever constraints in transinission.” justify, [4*4] 2, Define Band pass signal and Sand Limited signal with example, Write the properties of LIT syster, [444] ‘3. Detive the expression for double side band full carrier araplitude wave where the massage contains @ single tone frequency component. Also find the expression for nodulation index, [s+2] 4, Determine the perceniage power caving of SSB modulsled wave for modulation depth equal Lo: (1) 100%, and (ii) 50%. [444] 5. Explain the effect of phase ant frequency omror in local oscillator in demodulating DSB and SSR using PLL, (3) 6, Express the sittusoidal engle modulaled wave interms of Bessel function, In(B) of fist ind of order dod argument [8 7. For the following Armstrong PM tronsmaitter, compute maximum fiequency deviation aad the carer frequency 4 if, fi ~ 2010s, fo = EOSMHs, Afi —24Fls, m1 - Sandm—S0. [8] . Frequency Swanatl} NOP Mulipiee PI | x xa | * FB a - Af, : QDro 8. Define. white noise with PSLF and auto comeiaiion function, Sta'c Ge propertige of axto corelation function [ara] 9. Explain any on¢ method of demodulaiing DPSK signal. [8] 10, Waite short notes on: a= [4] 4} Piltor and ose!llanoe reqsiremsit ia EDM 1b) Satellite Communication @) nitro” professional TERED ah aus esr ITE OF ENGINEERS ¥ Candidates ere rea} ¥ Attempt aH quesians ¥ o The figures inthe margin iudica’e Fat! Marks, Assume suitable date if necessa Le ‘Define modulation. Explaia Lhe reesons for raadutation. Drew the funcional block diagram of analog communication sysiem and brieily explain cach block (at4+4y 2 Derive the equetion for Single Side-Baad modulated signal in, terms of Hilbert ‘Transformation of modulating signal mj}. Briefly discuss any one method of generating SSB sigaal . 64) ALharmonic signal m(1) = 20 Gos (2° 2000 0), Volt is used ti frequency modulate the carrier signal c(t} = 50 cos (2 10” Voll. Assuming the frequency sensitivity of the frequency moculstor to be 200 Ha/Volt, calentate: (2 5x: _.-a} peak requensj-davietion oo ‘b) modulation index 2) ndwidth of mods } rote! audulates 3 ‘ar over SB% oC FM power Define eneray spectrum and paver spectrum density fmclions: Boefly exalain the operation ‘of enalag spectrum analyzer. 48) With functional block diag-ams and spectral details explain the operation of stereo encoder and dacioder. (545) Deling FDM. Explain FDM hierarchy used in telephony. (436) Define unipolar, golac, bi-pelsr, unipotar RZ. and Manchester Vine codes. (9%2=103 Write short netes on: : + 645) 8) Antocntzelation finction and its properties b) Phase Lecked Loop 0 RRB a nitro” professional x seremwvanunvesiry Baa 1 INSTITUTE OF ENCENEFRING Tevet | ~ cxaniination Control Divisien | Program : 2067 Maugsir _. Subject: ~ Comnomention System | _ : Y Candidates ate required to give their answers in Ubsic men words slat as precticuble. “ Yo Attemps All spiestions, ~ - The figurts iri the margin diode Pat its Y Assuane suitwble daw fnecessary. “ 1. _Defing,with examples periodic and non-peniodic signels. Prove that fer 2 _ Linear time invariant system, the output fs the convelution of the input end . the impulse response of the system. a9 2. . State and explain the following properties of Fourier rans! (x5) 7 a} Modulaten ' b) Duality (ymmeiry ©) Time shifling > - : - a): Beating @} Convolution 3 Define Amplitds Modulation. With block dicgrem and necessary derivations, show that switching modulator cart be used to generate Double Sideband Fuli Carrier AM signal. (248) 4 4. Derive the capiessiun for ths USB — SSB sigual in terms of the carrier e() Ac GOS (cI) and areadom band fimited signal m(c). (109 4 5. A modulated signal bas the expression: (ex) Z(t) = 50 cos (98.6 x 106 x Int + 1S sip (2 x 10? x Int)} volts, 4 ‘Determine: 2} type. of modulation; b} kequency deviation, ¢) frequency: sae sensi ofthe modulator d) modiltin née and ¢) ower dafvered te “ 4 50 Ohms impedance transmitting arrest 2 - ' 6. With blook dingram and necessary deriverions, prove thar PLL can he used n to demodulated FM cignal, 6) ' 7. Derive the expression for power spectral dessity function (ps0) fora pawwer type signal, Giva the inten (644) 7 8. Write notes on: (5) a) EDM telephone hierarchy ‘ ) Analog spectrumn analyzer —_ i) nitro” professional op arated 32 TRBHUY AN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Examination Control Division (Progmame | 3% Teast Marks [32 . 2065 Rartix (Yer?Fan ai/n “— Sime sas] Candidates are requized ‘o give their answers in their own Words gsfur as practi “ttenpt AU questions, x ¥ ¥ - ‘The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks Assume suitable daia if necessary ~ OL, Detue energy type and power type signals. Find whether the signal x(t) = Acos2nit is energy type of power type signal i246} ~ ‘Sow how can a square law modulator be used to gonerdts DSE-AM signal, explain with neel diagrams, What are the basis characteristics of DSB-AM? [(6+2] _ 3. Explain the working prisciple of the super heterodyne AM receiver with she help of block diagram, Why stendard AM is used in AM redio broadcasting? {6+2] , Show that the outpet of the belanced modulator is DSB-SC modulated wave. Draw DSB- - SC modulated wave for sinusoidal modulating signal [642] 5. How can you generate FM wave using Amstrong medulaior (Indirect methed)? Expizin _ with the help of block diagram. Why pre-emphasis end de-ciophasis networks are used ix FM? [e222 6. A modulaing signal m(t) = 3Cos(20001) maslaletes the carrier sigma! e(t) = 9Cos( 700002) - to produce the modulated signal s{t} = $Cos(79000t + 16 Sin2000H), Calculate: the toial modulated signal power, modulation index, peak fequency deviaiior and the bandwidth of modulated signal. [221242] ~- 7. Kxpleia stereo FM transmitter end receiver with the help of block diame. [f mone FM receiver is used to reczive the signal Lom stereo FM treosminter, what will be che outgut - of EM receiver? Explain: (5+2] 3. Faplain the worcing principle of Analog spectrum enalyzer vith the help of block dagrams. 8] "9. isin ASK and FSK modulators and démedtlaiors with ths helb of Block diegrarns Car PSK wave be detected asin envelope deteciax? Exp! (6222 ~ 20. Write noles on far . i EDMin Telephony . ~ b) Phase Modulation - a) nitro?" professional Exaraination Controj Division KR SE 32 “TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGH BRING 2064 Shrawan Candidates, are required to give their answers in theirown words 23 fir Attempt Alb questions. The figures in the margin inGicore Full Marks Assume suitable-data ifnecessury. 1a Explain how can you clustify systems accérsing to their basic properties, Show thet, an ideal LPF is noa-taswal. G4) ») Explain in detail with a bat fonctionel block éiegram of a mupsrhsterodyne receiver aged ine commersial sienfard AM vatio, Why Standard AM is used in AM tadio ‘oadcasting? (642) _ 2a)Stow how can a ring modulator be used to gouecacs DSB-C signel, explain with neat diagranis. What are the basic characteristics of DSB-$C? 2543) bY Explain how feqassey modulated siguals’can be generated by'difcct micthod usig a varastor didde. What ar tao disadvantages of such s method? (642) 3a) Why do we use shifl keying technique in communication system? Distinguish between ASK, FSK and PSK, G+) ¥} Show how DSB-AM signel can be det envelope, detect in comails, Why envelope desnctor cenat be tsed tc demoduleie DSB-SC wave? 643) fa)Derive a general sapression fur an cucrgy spectral density of an energy signal with as example of ae isteal DPF. Mention basic propecties of tke anergy spéotral density. (5-+3) b) A low ficquency signal za(t)=2cos(S000t) modulates the’ caurier sional ‘<(¢) (100, 0000 to produce the modulated signal-u the total modulated signs! power; modulation index; peak frequency deviation, the, bandwideh of modulated signe (xd. 5a) Discuss a block diagram of an analog cornnaication system. Explain FDM systém wath neat diagrams, assnming three different message signals ase to be transmitted 1Oco8, simultanenusly coy b) Show that PLL com he used so domodtulate FM signal wth a neat diagram. Whav‘are the basic uses of PLL? (+2) 0t0s(160,900t~ 10sin50000,Caleulate: + ad 1 ad =n 4 n nitro?" professional _saunvan vest INSTTUTEOFENORSEERING Fat ne [eeu Marie 150 inati i Tece eel, | 7 1 Examination Control Division |p es [RCE |eemars o2 | Peers page| Seaiee nV ws 2070 Bhadra (Candidates are requited to give their answers in their oom words as far as practicable. Atompt AH questions. ‘The figures i the margin indicate Fill Marks. Assume suitable cic Ff necessary. SAKK Scarcity is an emerging issuc in engincciing field. How dees the study of eomomnies help 1c exgincers in decision making process? Discuss. (9 2, What isefiective and nominal interest rate? Evaluate FW at the ed of 19 years with 8% interest rate compounded continuously of a cath flow of Rs, 500 at the beginning of each year for first $ years, fasay 3, Iriel taveetmert = Rs. 100,000 (6545), Salvage Value = ‘Anmual O&M Cost ~ Rs, 20,000 Useful Life = $ years ‘Aumiual Beaefit = 69,000 at the end of first year, thereafler decreases by 4,000 each year for the remaining years. 8) Drew U/B diagram. 1) Evulnale conventional BCR using PW formulation, Take enlvage value = 10,000, @} Bvaiuite Discounted Payback Period. Take standard (cut off Paybcck Period wt 3 years 4, Use IRK method to select best project, MARR = 12%, [say ~ a Jhital investment T100_ _ ‘Anna Income 500 ‘Useful Life 4 4 Salvage Vale, 250 800 MARR 15%, Select the hest combination if A, Band © are mutually exciusive, 5. Explain about the reasons for replacemest of asset, The Annual Equivalent Cost (AEC) of ‘the defender end challenger are given in the lable below. What is the best replacement ‘strategy? Use MARR = 12%. The planning horizon of the project is 8 years. 448] Fad of Year) 2 z a STS (GEO ss0_[ sang 550] Gop | ass (ABO 61508900 | #600 | “5673 “| “3800 @) nitro” professional 5. What are the souross of risk in engineering projects in Nepal? A eal-slete developer sccks 1 decermine the inost cconembal height fora acw office tnilding wide wal Sold afer five years. Tee relevant net mua! revenues and oct resale values ne 2 give below, Hay Hei fa Floors] S Floor, {Fist Coa 725,000,000 _|'200, 006,000 Axmual Reverses [19,910,000 | 37,815,000 ‘Net Resale Value _|200,000.000_| 390,000,000 “The devslopér is uncertain about the interest rte i to use, but is certain that itis in the ange of 5 to 30%, For cack bulding height, find the range of valucs of i for which that building height is the most cemomical. Draw sensitivity Ziagram t0 apport your answer. An asset has insated value of 45,000. 5, = (. His classed asa S yoar property. Determine aporexiriale MACKS depreciation sthedule. Over 6 years il is estimated 10 gemerate revenue of Rs. 23,000 per year with annual operating cost 7300. Required rale of rou = 19% after tax. Tax rate = 40%, Evaluale after tex TRR with annual worth metiod, ies} , The annual fuel cost required to operate a small solid wast: teatment plat are projected to be Rs, 200000 without consideriog any future inflation. Ybe best estimate indicates that ‘the annual inflation ‘rec intorestratz I" will be 6% and the general inflation vate, will be 5%, If te plant bas the remaining aseful Rife of four years, what is the prescal equivaleal fits foel costs? Use aczual dollar analysis ry nitro?™ pro Bo 5 fessional ST Fak oa! 7 TRImHUvan UNVERSETy -OINSTIFULE.OPBNCINEERING 7 Te 7] Fu sis aminati ivisi BCE] BEL, Examination Contre! Division | Programme {pox 2068-Jesthe— (Sea: %. Candidates areequired to phether on answersin thelr own wexds 2s faraspracticeble, t= to Y Attempt any Five questions. — — 4 The figures inthe margia indicate Full Marks. . Y° Assume suiiable data if necessary. ~ Differentiate berviéen nominal “end effective interest?, Calculate both nominal and effective aunual interest if you deposit pow, Rs 1,00,)00 and you can drew Rs 1000 . “ per month for ever. 18) ¥) A machine’ eset Ra 20 iaillion wath no salvage valus, Rs & million revenues per yéar oan te gated. Given: uscfal life ~ 4 yeas. Tax iatc~ 50%, MARR 10%. Use ~ straight line depreckation method to evaluate (i) PW (it) IRR 0} 2.- a) Explain decision tree analysis. an : (61 = b)- Select: the ‘est pioject using: IRR-ietlind. Usetul lite of all projects are 1S. years. MARR = 10%, 010] - (Patinilars | Projeot'A [ PrejectB [ Project € Pioidiinyestmient. 1-7500,008 | -5300,000-{'4000,600 (Amvalrevemue “| 960,000-"[ “720,000 [600,000 - {Salvage value 77500,000 | 3500,000. | 4090,000. 3. 9) What are the drawbscks’ of IRR method? How does ERR method eliminates some of - theve drawbacks, # . 4) 122); Peston: cost variance analysis. j : [20]. - : oer Standard, (Rs). | Aclual GS) Production (Units) 9,000“ [3,000 Dives Labour (Hows) | 72,000 60,000 | ~ Ditert Labour cost Rs) + 758,000 _. | 600,000 Fixed overhead cost (Rs) | 810,000 Variable overhead cast 624,000 | 630,000 - ~ "+4. 3) Explain-the methods for assessing ristiuuncertainty, Q [a1 1b) Perform sensitivity enalysis over a range of 30% in (i) initial investment (fi) annual . ~ net Feveiue (iil) usefil life, L 10} Tnitaltavestnient = Ra. 160,000 Dyas sensitivity diagram and integer the resutt - . ®) nitro” professional 3 5. a) Byaluate thé medified-b/C rerio. for the problem in Q.4(0). - fe] 1b}. Select the bert project. Required study period is $ yeas, 2 AO _ wf Broek [= Project. —- of ~ [Tnital Invismentiks.) "| 5,00,000- |" 3,sa,000 | - Axpual net revenve (Rs.) 2,00,000 1,75,000, “ Salvage value(Ra}. 2 50,000 35,000 . (sefal life (Years) 6 so MARR 10% 0% Js 6.. ay Define engineering econeraics. Explain capitalistic OR Sacialisticrebimoniy: +. 1¢2 f6 Es b) Evaluate BRR. MARR « 1095 B+8% . . is] EOY D I 22 “3 [4 3 Cask inflow = _ | +48,000 1 +139.00 [170,000 | 800,000 | +200,000 L Cash outflow f-—480,090 |" —20,000_} -=50,000 | —500,000 | 200,000" | --400,000 } ©) “What are the elements.of cast? . ie] 7. White short notes: Gay a [4nq] 7 . ) Sources of wixertainity . . 1) Market reseach °° - . . os 0) Conthivous céshginiting - i a) Job and process costing, ‘ . €) Statistic approach to desnand analysis 4 bh ‘ 1 : ee ; _— ie | : 7 @ nitro” professional niwpeh cious Regular Back 04 TRIBMUVAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Examination Control Division 2068 Bhadra Subject: - Engincering Eoonomies Candidates are required to give their anewers in their own words as fat as practicable. Attempt any Five questions The figures ix the margin indicate Full Marks, Assume suitable data if necessary. ARK - 4) “Engineers play the iraportant role in making the economic decisiow”, Do you agree with this statement? Disenss, (6 b) The information given below shows the records of a manufacturing company comparing the actual data with the data from the standard cost card, Caloalate all the variances. Also indicate the favorable and adverse variances fo] Production | Direct Direct | Working Fixed Varieble (Units) | Material | Material | Days” | Overheads | overheads Qcg.) | cost(Rs) | o 7 sp Rs) {Standard [10 30 10000 72 5000 __|_25000 [Rctush 8 45 | $000 10 6000 20000 _| 2. 2) Mc. Kumar has inspected his yearly household expenses for Sie last 10 years. Cost averages were steady at Re 100000 por year for the first 5 years, but have increased consistently by Rs 15000 per year for esch of the last 5 years, Calulate total present ‘worth in year zero. Use gradient formula. (8h b) Use discounted payback period method to select the best option: [8t - Initial Investmert | “Anoual income | Useful Life | Salvage Valuc {Option A Rs. 1000000, Rs 15000 10yrs | Rs 20000. TY Option B Rs 150060" 1 Rs 20000 12 yrs, Rs 40000 3, 5) Find the IRR of the following cash flow of a project IF MARR ~ 20%, comment «x the acceptability of the project. Show investment balance diagram. [3] End of Year | Net Casi flow in RS. 20000 8000 #47000 #19000 . ~ 18600 0000 +) Three’ mutually exclusive alternatives are,to be compared by the rete oF retum method ard are deseribe below. MARR is 10%. Salvage velue is 20% of first cost. Which option has the highest IRR-and what is it? Recommend the best alternative. ig] i) Xx ¥ Zz First cost, Rs. 70,000 | 60,000 | 700,000 ‘Annualineome, Rs | 15000, 10000 | 18000 { Beonomie life, years | “8 [8 & 4, a) The toral purchase price of a three room set furniliire iS Ns, 50000, Hlowover aftor 2 dove payment of Be 10000, wo yen sores od (IDPS Pe 4 sj | comm pen of oon, we er eed ERO Forces signa b) Find the acceptability of a project using both types of B/C ration, (Use AW method) [10}, Initial invesimant = Re. 180000 | Annual Benefits = 52000 at the end of first . year and decreases by Rs 2000 exch year Rs. 40000 10% Annual Expenses Useful life Rs, 16000 | Salvage value Idyeais | MARR: 5.4) Solect the best project fiom the following two projects. (Lise Repeatability ead PW mucthod). (8) a “Project A | Project B Tnitial Cost {Rs} °° °F $000. 130000 age “Annusl Expenses (Ra 35000 [31600 = ‘Annval Revenues (Rs) 8500 10500 : sy | “50000 20000__| Gsefl Lite 6 years ‘9 years - MARR 13% 1b) Two types of power converters, alpha and beta ate under consideration for a specific applicstion, An cconomic comparison is to be mado ct an interest rate of 12% and the following cost estimates have teen obtained. Select the best option by calculating, present worth of both the projects if it will be operated for 4 years only. ih, ‘Alpha [Beta] | Purchase price Rs __ 750000 | 2000065 Anwual operuting coat, Ra.” [200000 | 106000 5 Tistinated service life, years xT. 9 l Salvage vaiue, Rs o 400000, 6. a) Following table shows the demand of meat when the price is shown’in Rs. Make the ‘hypothesized regression equation and find the consumption if the price is set to be Rs. 35 perk. br SH] Price of meat per ke | Consumption in kj , t 25 80 = 2 38 70 i me 2 7 4 _ 38 73 4 “5 27, 78 oT. av, 8 7 a 65. - Ls 2 74 ‘ b) The purchase of a rental property is being coinsidered in a neighborhood where real : state prices are increasing rapidly. ‘The following estimates heve been developed for a preliminary before-tax analysis: {10} . |: Fit [Annual income | _ Anmel Tnvestment | Resale [MARR] 7 e084, Rs | "from rent, Rs." | “MaisitenwicesRs. ['" Peiiéa’ “| ‘vidue oo . [140000 30000 7500 6 yrs 1,50,000 | 19% a Construct seasitivity chart for joint variation within a 230% range of annual income and MARR: Indicate the acceptances and rejection zones. 7._ Write stioit notes om: (ety fom} [4nd] 8) Draswbatks of IRR method b) Capital, cost ©) Decision tree analysis a) Destinina balenge mothpatdepreciation 3) Mohais of dante analyse a) nitro" of Brafessional i sii oe Teettvancrnvdnsene Cite, 7 INSTITU Ts oF AXGINERRING = [Laval PullMarks 13 77 Examination Control Division | yrogramne| SSP Ee. [Pax Marts [2 | 2067 Mergsis. © (Mear/Fae [uti - jineesing Boonomice “ Caniidates are sequived te give their answayein thelr own words as fir as precticable Y Attempi any Five questions ~The figures in sa margin indicate Full Mork V Assame switeBie deta nesesscry ~ 8 Define cconamic system, Write advantages of sanialistic economy, (3) oY Bapiain ovesnead cos: ang opportunity coy «1 - Revermes/Year = Bis, 1,00,000 Expneses/Year = Rs, 30,000 Salvage Value =Rs. £0,000 > Useful life = 5 years Explain the uncertainty and its sources, Differentiate between nominal inslerest rate and effective interest rate. If monihly interest rate is 1%, what will be the quarterly interest rate? [4t4] Explain tax and depreciation with suitable examples, Find BEP volume for the following project: [ee4} Fixed cost = Rs. 24 lah . Selling price = Rs. 800 per urit ‘Variable cost = Rs. 500 perunit . What would be effect. ov BEP, when fixed cost incresses’ by 10%’ and. vatiable Eocreases by 20%? 4 1 ad 4 —_ 5 in nitro?" professional a n+ ¥ Candidates ere res ca TRIBRUVAN UNTVERSUIT: Tum, Regulav/Back INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING [Level 3E_ | Fu Waris To Examination Control Division | Programme [PCE BE | pas Waris [32 2065 Chaitra (errant jst [rime Ts ‘Subject: ~ Hngineering Eoonomties quired.co give their chswers in thet: own words as far as practicable: Attempt any Five questions Tha figuras otha morgin nota Bull Marks, Y., Assume suitable dava ff necessary, 1, .6)” Defie'ecboomlc system, Dhsvuis brief on the charcerstegaf exits economy. 2] 7 by Wet ae the cements of cost? Disouts briefly on the price cost and overicad eos, Ba 4) The fllowing ffrmetion ans beea oliined fidah tho rconés ofa meaciacarty somes using nardard costing system 1 f Tee Taal Frode ni S00 3500 PWoiag dns r 35 Fal watesT TRE if 1255 ( 100 i | Find el the variances (lnshodiny all's eo zoneats) 2. 0) ied th vahe of A if ay 4 : 100004 aaa ee aaa : 3a 7 25000 by Me, Xrecelves a lear of Ra 120,000 drow: e bank: cx ox isteroitmte o€ (2% per your i) Re wishes to repay the iosn im monty insta onear with Rs, 5000 per mouth. Tloir mney nsraliments are necessary ta complece Bis pryosat? 4 2 Bank asks him lo cay Re S000 por 2) Wha: azaual interest fate is be paying if moth for 30 times. rey 3. a) Asontuction company needs a yeasts Bs J2,00,000 and kes sivage value Gf Rs, 1,00,000 2t the end of 18 yo igzseat supper is abe walling to provide te fequipaect ea hire For RS 125,000 per year tor 10 pours. Wuar will you do? Purchase ot Lire, MARK = 1226 ta Fied IRR of the following project with (aldal investment of the Xs 3,019,000 end Selvage ‘value'92 Rs 00,600 at the ene 0} ‘Anne! peaetit and Opererioa aud Maintensnse cost areas flew tag, = na Maintenance | End of Year |" Benefit, [Bud of Year |’ Bensit T T Iesa00 2 115009 a 23000 . -f nitro?®* professional 4. 9) Foom the felling fur motu eolrteprojsy command the bl one using Posse _Besiod, FRB and GE 2aethods. The sty Bendis 5 years and MARR Prrgjece a] s c (Haus inereresr sores | woa0te 760000 {Hist mean) feveaso | __ 124000 [__tn0000 170800. ~ Salvage Vue is 20 % of the initial investment —— S03) Whatis Weakevea value? Discuss wih euilable exer, ) Nepal Airlines is planning to purchase « Jet plane. Ths estimate im iwo types ofplane under consideration ere; Project [elma Fae 5 1 Fix nvermem Oe 250000500 [ 36,90,98000 1 AEWA O ASE 733,009,056 [1,000,000 | Gahal Lie 4 yems yous 1 Salvage valse 5,00,00,000 —_ }.5,09,09,006. MARR = 125 ‘Which plans is the best ong if it s believed caf the plane willbe wied-for sutinite . 6. a) Define te concept ofceraiaty, Uncertainty and Riske . ¥) Perfor sesccuity matyets af « Gllowing piojeet over & ceage of + 30 % in 3) Inkdal sect i) Net arin egsh ow using ennwal worth iormalsion. (Bits Gon onto [73,000 : e100 oS ONG? 0). Following dats slows the deciards for Osh when. the pulse: ace as sbown, Caleuiate the“ Inypothesined regression equation. What soll be the denna if t kot? a <3. [Sa Paoeig oman meet TEN Temes eet 1 3 cr = rs 5 ss ~ et 36 Tt i ce mT a oa 7. Wette short rhtes on ay dur a) Jab and process éosting 2) Drwwbacks of IRR ©} Depreciation, ©) Factors effecting déaund ©) Metbods of cemand anciysis vem nd 1 ua 6 120] 5 fa} 1 [4a ) Vid 1 ad nh nitro" professional 4.2L TRIBRUVAN UNIVERSITY INSTIFUTE OF ENGINEERING Examination Control Division | Programme | BEL, BEX 2071 Bhadra (Sear ave (ui ‘Subject: - Signal Analysis (2X654!) Y Candidates are required to give their answers in ibeir own words as far as practicable. ¥ Attempt All questions Y the figures in the margin indicate Full Marks ¥ Assitme suttable data if necessary. Define energy and power signal with examples. Describe time shifting, time scaling of a sigual. @ Derive convolution integral for continuous time LTT systom.@ 3. State and prove Parseval's Relation for Continuous Time Periodic Signal) aplg aliasing that may occur in any arbitrary band-limited signal x(t) with band-width w. 5. Derive the expression for continuous time Fourier series in exponential form. 6. Explain the convolution properties of continuous time Fourier transform. @ 7. Discuss the following properties of continuous time Fourier series, (a) Time shifting (b) Time scaling (c) Conjunction. (6) 8. Derive the expression of Fourier transform for continuous time signal. (?) 9. Derive the expression for impulse response of ideal low pass filter and discuss.) 10, Find the Fourier Transform of « continucus time unit step signal. @) 11, Discuss different methods to reconstruct a signal. Determine the Nyquist rate for a FycestaOUnt}coss0m) @ continuous time signal x(¢ 12. Convolve the signals xf] = {1. 2, 1} and hfa}={J.2.3. 1). & 13.1f the sigral is periodic, find the fundamentel period of the signal x ® xirI=co( $1] s0o2n) & [3-4] [8] [9] (1 fA [6] 16] (8] (51 6) [4+4) to] G1 @®) nitro” professional 2% TRBRVANLHRSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Examination Control Division me | BE 2071 Magh [Year Bare [ntti ignal Analysis (2X651) Cendidates are requited w give thelr answers in their own words as far 2s practicable. Averapl All questions, The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks, Assuine suitable data if necessery. | Subject: - ANA Find the energy and power of the signal xfn] ~ oi" a[u]. uf) is unit stop function, What is the period of signal x{a] woof H5)p Is) 2, Plot the signal x(3) = e(u(e + 3) - u(t 3). 2 2. Find Fouticr series coefficients for periodic cectangular pulses with unity emplinde. Draw the magnitude speetrur. (s+ 4, Derive the expression for discrete time Focrier series representation of the signal x{n] periodic with period of N. fa) §. Determine the expression of Konrier Transform for continuous time aperiodic signal. fa] 6. Perform the convohution and draw output yn] x{n] =f 2 2 3} and iad 43}. fa] 4, State and prove Parseval’s theorem for continuous time aperiodic signal, [2+4] 8. What is aliasing effect and how can we overcome il? Determine the Nyquist rate for a continuous time signal x(1) = 6 cos 56 nt +20 sin 300 mt ~ 10 cas 100 mt 131 5 for G

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