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1,2,3
PG Scholar, Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, INDIA
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Asst. Professor, Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, INDIA
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Asst. Professor, Saintgits College of Engineering, INDIA
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Professor, Vidya Academy of Science & Technology, INDIA
Among the large disturbances which could affect the There has been a growing interest in renewable green
transient stability of the system, short circuits and possibly energy resources because of its advantages like cleanliness,
subsequent tripping of the faulted transmission line are the cheapness etc. Among these renewable resources, wind energy
most common. Instability which may a rises from these severe has grown rapidly as an important electricity source. Wind
disturbances is often characterized by a constantly increasing turbines used with fixed speed induction generators provide a
angular separation without any periodicity. This kind of cost effective solution for wind power generation. The battery
behavior is often referred to as first swing instability. As it is storage was used for suppressing the variations in wind farm
the case in small signal stability non oscillatory unstable output to stabilize the short fluctuations of output[9].The bulk
behavior was largely eliminated by the widespread use of fast energy storage is for managing wind power fluctuation which
acting regulators [14]. provide increase requirement for reserve, enhance the wind
power absorption, achieve fuel cost savings [10].
2.1 Modeling of power system components The area controller and battery energy storage for fixed
speed wind generator to improve the power quality and
Modified IEEE 14-bus system with wind integration and stability for power system[11]-[12].The increase in the
central area controller has been used in this paper for the penetration of wind generation into the power system will
analysis. Later case study is conducted by modeling Central increase further due to the use of variable speed wind
Travancore grid and incorporating central area controller. generation to accommodate the maximum power in the power
IEEE 14-bus system has been modeled and the power flow system. Thus it promotes wind generating system through
results are verified with the standard values. battery energy storage in todays scenario. The battery storage
provides a rapid response for either charging or discharging
2.2 Secondary Voltage Control the battery thus it acts as a constant voltage source in the
power system. The battery storage is effective when wind
A Secondary Voltage Control is included in PSAT by speed output fluctuations are high particularly at speed just
means of a Central Area Controller (CAC) which controls the below the normal operating speed. Hence output smoothing is
voltage at a pilot bus, and Cluster Controllers (CC), which strongly depending on battery storage capability. The system
compare the CAC signal with the reactive power generated by is efficient and economical to strengthen the power system.
synchronous machines and/or SVCs and modify the reference
voltages of AVRs and SVCs. Fig.2 represents the secondary 4. TEST SYSTEM
voltage control scheme.
Bus 13
Bus 14
Bus 10
Bus 12
Bus 09
Bus 11
Bus 07
Bus 06
Bus 08
Bus 04
Bus 05
Bus 01
Bus 02
Bus1
Bus 03
1
The results are analyzed by conducting two case studies.
The first step is to analyze the effect of a three phase fault in 0.5
line 1-2 on rotor angle deviation of the system and the second
is the implementation of central area controller and analysis on 0
the same. The proposed concept has been tested on wind
-0.5
incorporated IEEE14-bus system as shown in figure 3. Bus-2
is PV bus and 3, 6 and 8 are synchronous compensator buses. -1
Loads were modeled as constant power loads (PQ load) and
were solved by using Newton Raphson Power flow Routine. -1.5
0 5 10 15 20
The time domain simulations were done in PSAT/MATLAB time (s)
[7] integrated environment.
Figure 6. Rotor angle deviations of the test system with controller
Three phase fault is applied in 0.6 sec and critical clearing
time is obtained as 1.2 sec. Time domain simulations on the
test system are done and the rotor angle deviations obtained
are shown below. 1.06
Syn 1
1.05 Syn 2
1.5
Syn 3
1.04
1 Syn 4
1.03 Syn 5
0.5
1.02
0
1.01
-0.5
Syn 1 1
-1
Syn 2
0.99
-1.5 Syn 3
Syn 4
0.98
-2
Syn 5
0.97
-2.5 0 5 10 15 20
time (s)
-3
0 5 10 15 20 Figure 7. Speed deviations of the test system with controller
time (s)
1.5
Ayarkunnam MRF
Chingavanam Thrikodithanam Mallapally Chengannur
Pala
1
0.5
Chengalam
Brahmapuram Pallom 1
0
Punnapra
Pallom
-0.5 Syn 1
Syn 2
Bus1 -1
Syn 3
Syn 4
Sabarigiri
-1.5
Kayamkulam Syn 5
Idukki -2
-2.5
0 5 10 15 20
time (s)
Figure 8. Central Travancore Grid of Kerala system with wind energy and
storage
1.1
Syn 1
The real system was modeled with the entire hydro, thermal 1.08 Syn 2
diesel and the wind farms. The figure 8 shows the modeled Syn 3
real system. The real system is modeled and simulated for the
1.06
small signal stability analysis and voltage stability analysis
with the help of PSAT. The model consists of fifteen buses
loads and generators are connected to these buses. The Pallom 1.04
substation consists of a 40 MVAR compensator. The power
flow results give all the bus voltages for different loads. The 1.02
battery storage is added to the weakest bus in the system. The
weakest bus is found from the power flow analysis done by
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increasing the loads in each bus. By the addition of the battery
storage in the grid the voltage instability in the bus could be
avoided and the overall performance of the system could be 0.98
increased further. Time domain simulations are done and rotor
angle deviations and speed variations are noted. 0.96
0 5 10 15 20
time (s)
7. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr Federico Milano,
for his excellent simulation software PSAT.
8. REFERENCES