AN ONLINE HOTEL BOOKING SYSTEM

BY

NWADIOBI FRANCIS C.

IMT/CS/H2014/200

A PROJECT PRESENTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER

SCIENCE, SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE OF
MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF HIGHER

NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) IN COMPUTER SCIENCE

SUPERVISED BY

ENGR. NWACHUKWU V.C.

OCTOBER, 2016.
 CERTIFICATION PAGE

I certify that this is an original project work carried out by me NWADIOBI FRANCIS. C.
IMT/CS/H2014/200 under the supervision and guidance of

------------------------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------

ENGR. NWACHUKWU V.C. SIGNATURE DATE

SUPERVISOR
 APPROVAL PAGE

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY, ENUGU

AN ONLINE HOTEL BOOKING SYSTEM

BY

NWADIOBI FRANCIS C

IMT/CS/H2014/200

THE DEPARTMENTAL BOARD OF EXAMINERS DECLARES AS FOLLOWS;

THAT THIS WORK IS ACCEPTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENTS OF HND IN COMPUTER SCIENCE

------------------------------------- ----------------------- ------------------

ENGR. NWACHUKWU V.C. SIGNATURE DATE

PROJECT SUPERVISOR

------------------------------------- ----------------------- ------------------

MR. UGWUANYI G.O.C. SIGNATURE DATE
HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

------------------------------------- ----------------------- ------------------

EXTERNAL EXAMINER SIGNATURE DATE
 DEDICATION PAGE

My heart full of joy and fulfillment, I dedicate this project research work to God Almighty for
being my guidance and inspiration.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I thank God Almighty for the sense of vision to carry-out this project research work to be a
positive one. My gratitude goes to my supervisor ENGR. NWACHUKWU V.C. for his advice
and corrections and also to my honorable Head of Department (HOD) MR UGWUANYI G.O.C.

My acknowledgement goes to all my lecturers in Computer Science department, they are MR

ANEKE ISRAEL, MRS OKORIE M.N, MR ANICHEBE GREG., MR MBAH OSMOND, MRS
IBIK P.N, MRS NNADI and MISS OZOALOR for the knowledge they have impacted in me.

I also thank my family members, friends and well-wishers for their support, financially, morally
and spiritually.
 ABSTRACT

The project Online Hotel Booking System is a system based on accessing the internet to book
for rooms in a hotel. The purpose of this study is to develop and implement an online hotel
reservation system for hotels, that will replace the manual method of booking for hotel rooms.
The previous system for booking rooms were faced with so many problems like, delay in
processing the customer booking or paying for rooms that is below or beyond his standard,
causes difficulty for emergency booking.

The objects-oriented analysis and design methodology (OOADM) was therefore used to
analyse the system in order to discover the various objects involved and how they interact with
one another so that a new and improved system can be defined.

The use of online view of room rates and uploading of available rooms and facilities was
used for the new system so that the customer can view and make his choice before arrival, and
also in the case of emergency travelling. This new system assisted the hotel owners in managing
their hotels, because they can also regulate the receptionist moves and avoid fraudulent activities.
It also increased the efficiency of the hotel managers and also their profit margin, once they have
a better and good facilities.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title Page

Certification Page

Approval Page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract
Table Of Content

CHAPTER ONE

1: Introduction

1.1:Objectives Of Study

1.2:Scope Of Study

1.3:Significance Of Study

1.4: Statement Of The Problem

1.5: Limitation Of The Study

1.6: Definition Of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 : Literature Review

2.1: Introduction

2.2: Theoretical Background

2.2.1: Technologies Required For the System

2.3: Review Of Related Literature

2.3.1: Summary Of Related Literature

CHAPTER THREE

3.0: System Analysis And Design

3.1: Introduction
3.2: Description Of The Existing System

3.2.1: Problems With The Existing System

3.3: Analysis Of The Proposed System

3.3.1: Requirement Document

3.3.2: Object Oriented Analysis

3.3.2.1: Use Case Diagram

3.3.2.2: Class Diagram

3.3.2.3: Activity Diagram

3.4: Design Of The Proposed System

3.4.1: Database Design

3.4.1.1: Data Organization

3.4.1.2: Data Relationship

3.4.1.3: Data storage

3.4.1.4: Data Retrieval

3.4.2: Input Design

3.4.3: Output Design

3.4.4: User-Interface Design

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0: System Implementation

4.1: Introduction
4.2: Architecture Of The System

4.3: Procedural Design

4.3.1: Program Flowchart

4.4: Deployment Environment

4.5: Deployment Platform

4.6: Some Screenshots Of The System

4.7: System Documentation

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0: Summary, Conclusions And Recommendations

5.1: Summary

5.2: Conclusions

5.3: Recommendations

References

INTRODUCTION

The manual method of booking for hotel rooms in Nigeria is characterized with
numerous problems. Some of these are :customers having little or no information about the
hotels within their vicinity; A guest checking into a hotel room that is either too expensive or too
unbefitting for his/her personality;Prolonged delay by the receptionist in retrieving certain
information about any particular guest that checked into the hotel whenever such information
being demanded by the manager;The foul play that sometimes occurs when information about
the guest that checked into a hotel are not officially documented by the receptionist etc. All these
problems and more would definitely mke a hotel experience a down turn in business

The main purpose of this work is therefore to develop a web application program that
would circumvent all those problems encountered in the manual hotel booking system,so that
customers can easily go online with their mobile phones,tablets or laptops in order to browse the
relevant information they need about the hotels within their locality so that they can book for the
appropriate suite that is within their budget.

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

Customers can easily go online with their mobile phones or laptops to browse about
hotels within their vicinity.

Guests can be able to book for rooms within their budgets after seeing and accessing
these hotels within their vicinity.

Receptionists can easily access customers information online without delay or with little
delay.

Fraud done by the receptionist by not regiustering every customer will not occur because
the customers details will be online and can be accessed by the managers too.

SCOPE OF STUDY

This study is aimed at finding out how effective the online room reservation or booking system
will improve the operations of room reservations in hotels. However ,out of the several
departments that makes up the hotel, this research project is restricted to only one section ( room
reservation) section.

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
 Guests, Receptionist, Managers and hotel owners would benefit immensely when the new
system is implemented, in the sense that:
Guests would experience faster access time with the system.

Front desk office attendants (receptionists)would also experience minimal

efforts in attending to guests, as they would only need to access the guests
details through internet.

The managers can easily carryout an inventory to know the total number of
guests that checked in or out of the rooms,and those that booked in advance.

Increased efficiency in the operations of the business would definitely bring

about increased profitability.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Customers having little or no information about the hotels in their vicinity.

A guest checking into a hotel room that is either too expensive or too unbefitting for his
or her personality.

Prolonged delay by the receptionist in retrieving certain information about any particular
guest on demand.

Possibility of fraud by the receptionist in not documenting officially information about

some guests that checked into the hotel rooms.

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

I was faced with the following constraints which also limited the researchers effort in the
developing of a comprehensive software needed in room reservation.
TIME CONSTRAINT: This project work has one semester time limit,it would have been
desirable for a longer period of time, for the development of a software for hotels.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. GUEST: This guest are used in the contest of the work refers to individual, companies or
cooperate bodies who ends some time in the hotel either as permanent, temporary or
casual guest.
2.
CHAPTER TWO

LTERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter talks about the theoretical background of my study explains the technologies
required for a web based application and also reviews the related literature of the project.

2.2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

As we all know that necessity is the mother of all inventions. The need to share information in a
so called global network and mans desire to communicate from long distances called for the
birth of the World Wide Web (formaly known as APRANET) with the advent of the internet,
many of the mundane tasks and businesses that people conducted were made feasible. Things
like buying and selling various product can now be done online. The consumer no longer needs
to move from his location. A few clicks from his mouse will suffice enough to do the job. You
can now also earn a degree by taking an online education.

It is no wonder that booking hotel rooms can now be done in a more convenient way
today. If a certain traveller is planning to visit a foreign place, it would be hard for him if he does
not have a hotel or residence to reside in that country. Before , booking for a certain hotel room
required a long processes such as talking to a hotelier either in person or through the phone. Just
imagine the disposition of the hotelier is multiple clients came to ask questions about
reservations at the same time. Through an online hotel reservation system, hoteliers and travelers
will both be benefitted. Hotels have minimal need of travel agents to look for clients because
information about their business establishment is richly available online.
2.2.1 TECHNOLOGIES REQUIRED FOR THE WEB APPLICATION.

The following technologies are required for the web application of an online hotel booking
system.

(1) HTML- Hypertext Markup Language

(2) CSS- Cascading Style Sheet
(3) PHP- Hypertext Preprocessor
(4) My SQL- My Structured Query Language
(5) SQL- Structured Query Language
(6) JAVASCRIPT

HTML : HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE

This is a standard markup language used to create web pages. Web browsers can read Html files
and render them into visible and audible webpages, it describes the structure of a website
semantically along the cues for presentation, making it a markup language, rather than a
programming language. It allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create
interactive forms.

Basic Structure Of An Html:

Document type < HTML></HTML>

Tittle <TITTLE></TITTLE>
Header <HEAD></HEAD>
Body <BODY></BODY>
It begins and ends with <HTML> i.e < HTML></HTML>. Here , <HTML> indicates
the browser and </HTML> tells the browser that html document is completed.
TITTLE TAG : <TITTLE></TITTLE> Anything written between the tag is not
displayed on the screen but its used to identify the webpage
HEADER TAG: <HEAD></HEAD>. It only contains the tittle tag in it, it doesnt
contain any text.
 BODY TAG: <BODY></BODY> This is the main part of HTML document. The
content which is to be displayed on screen as webpage should be written here. It contains
the text as well as various tags but only the text will be displayed.

CSS CASCADING STYLE SHEET

This a style sheet language used for describing the look and formatting of a document written in
a markup language. It can be used to change the style of webpages and users interfaces written in
HTML. It is a cornerstone technology used by most websites to create usualy engaging
webpages user interfaces for web applications and user interfaces for many mobile applications.
It is used to enable the separation of document content from document presentation, including
elements such as the layout, colors and fonts.

How CSS Can Be Used In A Program

It can be applied to HTML or XHTML using three methods ; linked ,embedded and inline.

LINKING: <HEAD>

<link rel = stylesheet type = text/css

Href =style.css>

</head>

EMBEDDED: <head>

<tittle> example web page </tittle>

<style type = text/css>

P{

Font weight: bold;

</style>
 </head>

INLINE: <div style = fond weight: bold ;

Color: red ; Bold Font </div>

PHP HYPERTEXT PREPROCESSOR

This is a server side scripting language designed for web development but also used as a
general purpose programming language. PHP code is usually processed by a php interpreter
usually implemented as a web servers native module or a common gateway interface (CGI)
executable. It has also evolved to include a command line interface (CLI) capability and can be
used in stand alone graphical application.

Basic Structure Of A PHP ( Named calendar php)

<html>

<head><tittle> Event calendar</

Tittle></hand>

<h1> This month Events </h1>

<?php

Echo (the calendar goes here);

?>

</body>

</html>

MYSQL MY STRUCTURED QUERY LANGUAGE

This is a relational database management System, it is used in web application.

 SKELETAL ILLUSTRATION OF HOW TABLES CAN BE RELATED
Customer table Booking Receptionist
Customer ID Customer ID Staff number
Surname Room code number Staff name
First name Staff number Phone number
Gender Room type Gender
Address Booking rate Address
Amount paid

Rooms Price
Room code number Room type
Room type Room code
Vacancy Book rate

SQL STRUCTURED QUERY LANGUAGE

This is a special purpose programming language designed for managing data held in a
relational database management system. It consists of a data definition language, data
manipulation language and data inserts, Query, Update, and Delete Schema creation and
modification and access control. Although it is a declarative language, It also includes procedural
elements, it has language elements like ; classes, expression, predicate, queries, statement,
insignificant white space.

INSTANCES OF HOW TO USE INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, SELECT

They are all used for data manipulation

1. The Select Into. It modifies data. It is considered to be outside of dml

2. Insert into . It is a command to insert a row into table employees. Insrt into
employees(first name, last name, fname) values (john capita,xcapita) inserting
additional data to the database
 3. Update .. This command is used for data updating information of a database. Update..into
employees(marital status) used to update information about an entity in the database.
4. Delete .. from.. It is a command used to delete a row from table employee, delete .. from
employees(date of birth) deleting data from the database.

JAVASCRIPT-

Also known as ECMA script. It is a dynamic programming language commonly used as part of
web browsers,whose implementation allow client side script to interact with the user, control the
browser, communicate asynchronously,and alter the document content that is displayed. It is an
assembly language of web. It is a prototype based scripting language with dynamic typing and
first class functions. This features makes it a multiparadigm language supporting object oriented
imperative and functional programming style.

An example of a javascript

Multeor written in plain javascript. It is a web game string prototype. Trim =

Function (

Return this

Replace (|^ls*.~)

Replace (^st$l,~);

*used in PDF file.

2.3 LITERATURE REVIEW

The application of the internet in the business world has become a major trend in practice and
generated a hot stream of research in the recent literature. Hotels are also aware of this trend in
the internet and also chose to adapt to the innovations.

Bituin Abi, (August 2010), 6 58 Apartelle Online Reservation System. Short term

Base lodging is the main reason that a hotel has been established. In the
Philippines, wherein many foreign people go and have a vacation hotel is always
their first destination to have relaxation after long hours of travel in an airplane.
Because of the rapid increase of foreigners visiting the philipine for vacation, a
common sight is the establishment and sophisticated hotels for competitive
advantage. The current problem observed is the manual guest list records the
manual reservation of guests, the manual booking of rooms for the guests which
takes along time to accomplish. This is not only a database for guest list, but also
an online reservation system.

Fernandez , E & Yuan, X (1999). An Analysis Pattern for Reservation and Use of

Reusable Entities. An analysis pattern for reservation and use of reusable entities
is an article that focuses on the pattern for making a reservation for hotel. This
article is written by ferdinandez and Yuan. First it goes through the problem then
solution, requirements and consequencies. The article is supported with some
diagrams that made the understanding more clear. The problems occur when the
users needs to reserve a hotel room or a vehicle for the system needs a table for
hotel rooms and vehicle in order to avoid duplicated reservation so the system has
a table for reservation.

In the solution, the article describes the use case in making reservation, in this
case, the user make research for available demand by using date when the demand
 is available, the customer can then reserve. This system can be used for flight
reservations, it can record the history of reservation but might differ in
environment, and also differ in the people responsible in reservation, flight for
guest, hotel for the receptionist

Hotel Shangin La, Singapore(http://www.shangin.la.cond) is one of the hotel

Chains for Shangrila cooperation. The official website for Shangrila Sentosa,
Singapore is very powerful website, which consist for many useful functions. Its
purpose is to provide hotel information and online room reservation. Visitors can
also get the rooms information from this website.

Hotel Swiss Garden Kuala Lumpur(2008): The main function of hotel swiss

Online reservation system is to provide hotel information and online room

reservation can get hotel information such as location of hotel, room rates, room
description and hotel facilities. Its process requires guests to fill their detail in
reservation form. The reservation is guaranted by giving the credit card details or
by cash deposit. The content of the website is upto date with no grammatical or
spelling mistakes. They also listen to the feedback from customers in order to
enhance the quality of hotels services.

Lagman D, (September 2012), Lan Based Reservation System For Hacienda

Gracia Resort and Hotel. A resort is a place used for relaxation or recreation,
where visitors are being attracted to take their holiday or vacations. It refers to
places, towns or sometimes commercial establishment operated by a single
person/company, while a hotel offers paid lodge for a short term. They introduced
this system with a billing system for Hacienda Gracia Resort and Hotel to
improve its reservation and billing system.

Lauesen . S, (2003), Task Description as Functional Requirements, IEEE Computer

Society. The author wrote a paper to describe the functional requirement for
hotels and the hospitals, these functional requirement indicates what the system
 shall do, data requirements indicate what it shall store and quality requirement
how quickly or how easily it shall perform. This article focuses on functional
requirement which usually described a systems input, output and relationship
between the two. The article has three Unified Modeling Language, use case
diagram between the receptionist and the hotel system. Also, the article includes
figures, each figure describes subtasks. The first figure is a task description for a
hotels reception work area. The second figure is a tasks and support description of
hotel check in and last figure describes high level tasks for innovation and
business process redesign.

This system is similar to our system in the solution that is going to provide to the
users, such as finding a room for a guest and receive service.

Louw, Door Janne.(2006, May 10), Description with UML Hotel Reservation

System. Developed a hotel management system that can be used online, this
system allows a guest to do their booking online by themselves. Some of the task
that the system can do are providing a query for arriving date and the length of
staying, providing the number of rooms, view all available rooms and provide the
user the ability to choose two or more of them, recording kinds of guest and how
many they are going to be a room, providing the cost of booking, asking the users
if they want additional service, such as dinner or breakfast, storing the guest
details , asking the user for confirmation, final confirmation views with the detail
of booking and the guests can review or cancel the booking. He went ahead to
show the relationship between end-user and the web server and how the interface
starts and the application is done step by step, and also the relationship between
the user and the screen.

Stuart (1995) in a study tittled International Reservations System Their strategic

And operational implications for UK hotel industry. It comprise of the use of

three questioneir surveys of the use of computer reservation
 Systems and its contributions to hotel group and the prevalence of

Internet.

The Philippine Digital Strategy Transformation 2:0 Digital Empirical Nation 2011)

Its main objective is to have a competitive society where everyone has a reliable,
affordable and secure information access. Online hotel reservation system is an
easy to use arrangement that enables agents and guests to reserve rooms directly
via the internet once they have confirmed availability of rooms in accordance with
the urinary. It is a brilliant and efficient software and its easy and uncomplicated
to use. It grants complete authority and power on hotel or motel room booking
over the internet.
 CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3.1 INTRODUCTION

The observational technique was used to analyze the present system. The various information
gathered from it was used to prepare the requirement for our new system. These requirements are
contained in a special document .The object oriented analysis and design methodology will be
used to design the system. Also, the accompanying database design and user-interface design for
the system will be developed.

3.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM

It is observed that the main objective of the existing system was aimed at giving the customers
maximum satisfaction, and to attract the attention of the other intending customers. From my
study ,I found out that the operations carried out on hotels are been done manually by the
receptionists, they register customers on arrival by collecting their data and allocating them their
rooms, checking them in and when the guest wants to check out, they will sign out and also want
to get information on their outstanding bills.

3.2.1 PROBLEMS WITH THE EXISTING SYSTEM

The existing system has a lot of problems which leads to justification of the new system. The
problems are; Time Consuming, due to the manual method of registering customers, it consumes
a lot of time, which always upsets the customers who usually waits up to 30mins and above
before been checked in. Waste of financial resources, due to the fact that the hotel will always try
to purchase materials for writing and registering customers. It also gives the receptionist an
avenue for some fraudulent activities, thereby causing loss to the hotel management. Bulky
nature of files also occurs which consumes time when the manager or receptionist tries to access
some information.

3.3 ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM

Having mentioned the problem above, the introduction of an online hotel booking system is
suggested. This will eliminate these errors discovered on the existing mode of operation with
such a system, the problem of time wasting, fraud bulky nature of documents will not be
encountered in the future. The operations will then be performed with efficiency speed and
increased productivity with little or no extra cost incurred.

3.3 REQUIREMENT DOCUMENT

The user of the system is the customer/guest. The system should be able to allow the customer to

Log onto the hotel website.

View general information about the hotel.
View room facilities and prices.
View hall facilities and prices.
Book for available room.
Book for available hall.
Post comments.
Log On To the Hotel website; the customer must haveaddress of the particular hotel
he/she wants to visit, then he must be able to access their site.
View General Information About The Hotel; The customer will the view all the things or
activities that goes on in the hotel, like the services they offer, then their location and
other things he might need to know about the hotel.
View Room Facilities and Prices; the customer will then access the type of rooms the
hotel has, the facilities, and their prices in other to compare and make his choice.
 View Hall Facilities and Prices; He will also access the type of halls, their facilities and
the prices attached to it.
Book For Available Room; The customer will then provide his personal information,
after seeing the available rooms ,then he will provide the stipulated number of days they
want or they will be staying, then choose their mode of payment. Etc.
Book For Available Hall; After viewing the halls and then providing the necessary details
,he will then make a choice ,then pay online.

3.3.2 OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS

This methodology uses real world objects like persons, places, things or event to model a system.
It views a system as being made up of so many objects which leave both attributes (date) and
methods (action). An industry graphical standard technique used in designing a system, using
ODA is called the unified modeling language (UML). The UML is made up of 14 tools that can
be used to design a system. The three prominent ones are:

(a) Use Case Diagram

(b) Class Diagram
(c) Activity Diagram

3.3.2.1 USE CASE DIAGRAM

A use case diagram is made up of four main elements

(1) The external users that interact with the system.

(2) The system itself that executes the task.
(3) The use cases or services that will be provided by the system for external users
(4) The lines that request the relationship between the external users (or action) and the use
cases.

The figure below shows the use case diagram for our proposed system

Log on to the hotel website

View general
information about the
Hotel

View room facilities

and prices

View Hall Facilities and prices

S

Book for available

room

Book For available Hall

Post
comments
 3.3.2.2 CLASS DIAGRAM

This is a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure of a system by showing
the systems classes, their attributes, operations (or methods) and the relationships among
objects. Classes are represented with boxes which contain three parts.

Top part contains the name of the class. It is printed in bold and centered, and the first
letter is capitalized
The middle part contains the attribute of the class
The bottom part contains the methods the class can execute

The diagram below shows the class diagram for An Online Hotel Booking System

CLASS DIAGRAM FOR AN ONLINE HOTEL BOOKING SYSTEM

1 tblRoomType
LngRoomtype
strRoomtype
Tbllinkroomfacility tblRoom
Tbl facility list 1 11
lngfacilityID lngroomID tblRoomBand
lngfacilityID c strfacilityDetails lngroomtypeID
1 lngRoomBandID
strngfacilityDesc c lngroombandID
strBandDesc
c lngroompriceID

c strfloor tblRoomprices
c memaddressnot lngRoomPriceID
e curRoomPrice
c
c

Tbllinkbookingroom

Tblbooking ID LngbookingID
LngbookingID LngroomID
1
LngcustomerID LngGuestID
Dtedatebookingmade
tblGuests
tmeTimeBookingmade 1
dteBookedstartdate LngguestID
Txtguesttittle
dteBookedEndDate
Tbl customers Txtguestforenames
1 dtetotalpaymentduedat
S
LngcustomerID Txtguestsurnames
e
Txt customertittle dteguestDOB
curtotalpaymentdueamt
Txt customerforenames dtetotalpaymentmadeo txtguestaddressstrt
Txt customersurnames txtguestaddresstown
n
Dte customerDOB Tblpayment txtguestaddresscountry
Membookingscomment
Txt customeraddressstrt LngpaymentID txtguestadresspostalcode

Txt customeraddresstown LngbookingID txtguestcontactphone
Txtcustomeraddresscountry LngcustomerID
Txtcustomeraddresspostalcode LngpaymentmethodID
Txt customerhomephone Tblpaymentmethod CurpaymentAmount
Txt customermobilephone LngpaymentmethodID Mempaymentcomments
Hyp customeremail Txt Paymentmethod
3.3.2.3 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

This is another graphical tool that shows the various steps required for accomplishing a given use
case of a system. It resembles flowchart
 Initial state

Display a form containing all the available rooms and their prices for the
customer to make a choice <make a choice>

Display a form to collect the following; Customer personal detail

Name , gender, occupation, address
Phone No., email, Next of kin name and phone No.<submit entries>

Display a form to collect the following data on room reservation

Date for the room reservation
Total number of days required. <submit >

Display a form to collect the following payment data;

Display the total amount to be paid
Make a choice on the type of payment
Online or manual

N YES
Choice of Display a form to collect the
O
payment=onl following card details
in? Credit card no.
Expiry date<submit>
Use a form to display
the following hotel a/c
detail to the customer Verify credit card details and
for payment a/c balance
A/c name,
a/c number,
NO
type of A/c Display the
<click ok> Correct
message
details?
Display a form for the invalid credit
customer to enter the card details
deposit slip number of the YES
amount paid. <submit>

Use database table to verify the entry NO

Display the
Sufficient
message
A/c balance
insufficient
?//?
NO A/c balance
Correct Display the YES
entry E
message
incorrect deposit
YES slip E
Make necessary deduction
from credit casrd
Store customer data in the
database

Display the message room number xxxx has been reserved for you, from date; dd/mm/yyyy to date
dd/mm/yyyy
3.4 DESIGN OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

In this page, everything about proposed system will be designed, both the database, input design,
output design and interface design

3.4.1 DATABASE DESIGN

In database design, we show how our new system will operate in terms of

(a) Data Organization

(b) Table Relationship
(c) Data Storage
(d) Data Retrieval

3.4.1.1 DATA ORGANISATION:

This refers to the structure of the data that will be stored in the database tables. Every
database table contains the following data structure
i. Table Name
ii. Attribute Name
iii. Type of Data
iv. Length Of Data
v. Type Of Key

TABLE ATTRIBUTE TYPE OF LENGTH OF TYPE OF

NAMES NAMES DATA DATA KEY

ROOM Room Picture

Room Number
Varchar 10 P.K

Suite Type Varchar 15

 Price Integer

Type Of ID Varchar 10

Cable To Service Varchar 15

Heater Varchar 15

AC Varchar 15

Water Supply Varchar 15

Power Supply Varchar 15

Security Varchar 15

Room Service Varchar 40

Toilet Facility Varchar 20

Others Varchar 40

HALL Hall picture

Hall No Varchar 15 P.K

Capacity Varchar 10

Price Integer

Type of seat Varchar 20

Type of table Varchar 15

Power supply Varchar 15

Toilet facility Varchar 20

 Water supply Varchar 15

Security Varchar 20

BOOKING Customer Name 40 P.K

Gender Varchar 20

Occupation Varchar 20

Address Varchar 40

Phone No Varchar 15

Email Varchar 40

Room No Varchar 15

Hall No Varchar 15

Staff No Varchar 20

Amount paid for Integer

room

Amount paid for Integer

hall

Check in date Date

Departure date Date

HOTEL Hotel picture

Hotel name Varchar 40 P.K

Location Varchar 40
 Staff size Varchar 20

Phone No Varchar 15 F.K

Packing space Varchar 15

Swimming pool Varchar 15

Car wash Varchar 20

Total suites Varchar 40

STAFF Staff No Varchar 20 P.K

Staff Name Varchar 40

Gender Varchar 20

Phone No Varchar 15

Address Varchar 40

Rank Varchar 20

Level Varchar 10

Hometown Varchar 40

Parent Name Varchar 40

Phone No Varchar 15

THE FIG ABOVE SHOWS THE DATA DICTIONARY FOR OUR PROPOSED
SYSTEM
3.4.1.2 TABLE RELATIONSHIP

Database needs to be properly related, to enable them share data. They are related through their
foreign keys. A foreign key is actually a primary key of one table that is included in one of the
fields of another table in order to establish a relationship between the two tables

BELOW IS THE DATABASE TABLE RELATIONSHIP FOR THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

Hall Hotel
Room Hall picture Hotel picture
Room picture Hall No. Hotel name
Room No Hall type Location
Suite type Capacity Staff size
Price Price Email
Cable to service Type of seat Phone No.
Heater Total seats Packing space
Ac Type of table Swimming pool
Water supply Total tables Recreation park
Power supply Power supply Dry cleaning
Security Toilet facility service
Room service Water supply Car park
Toilet facility Total AC Car wash
Others Security Total suites
Others Total halls
Others

Booking
Customer name
Gender
Occupation
Address Staff
Phone number Staff No.
Email Staff name
Room number Gender
Hall number Phone No.
Amount paid for room Address
Amount paid for hall Rank
Check in date Level
Departure date Hometown
Next of kin name Parent name
Next of kin phone No. Phone No.
Staff No.
3.4.1.3 DATA STORAGE

In data storage, we use relational database software such as MySQL to do the following:

(i) Create a database

(ii) Create a database tables
(iii) Enter values into the database tables

3.4.1.4 DATA RETREIVAL (Querying the database)

SQL is the structured query language used for retrieving information from a database various
kinds of queries can be made with SQL commands, such as SELECT, INSERT, DELETE
and UPDATE, depending on the kind of information we want. The implementation aspect of
the work contained all these.

3.4.2 INPUT DESIGN

For every use case of a system, we design the appropriate input forms that will collect input data
from the end-user, for instance, for the use case Book for room online the first input form that
will appear once the quest enters the website and chose the room reservation option, as shown
below.

CREDIT CARD DETAIL

CREDIT CARD NO.

EXPIRY DATE

CANCEL SUBMIT
The above input form is displayed when a customer wants to make payments with a credit card.

3.4.3 OUTPUT DESIGN

This is the response we get from a system after supplying the correct or incorrect input data to it.
If the input data is incorrect or if the requested option of the customer is not available. For
instance, when a guest tries to book for a room and supplies the correct information, and also
made his choice of room, the following output form will be displayed.

The following output form is displayed when a customer has successfully paid for the room
he/she booked for.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATRONAGE

Room No ****** has been reserved for you.

Check In Date: dd-mm-yyyy

Check Out Date: dd-mm-yyyy

THANK YOU!!! OK

3.4.4 USER- INTERFACE DESIGN

Here, we design a general form (that is, a window) to show how an end user or guest would
interact with the system when it starts executing. The form can be designed with any object
oriented programming language, Java, Visual Basic.net etc.

The figure below shows the user interface design for our proposed system
 WELCOME TO THE PORTAL FOR ONLINE HOTEL
RESERVATION SYSTEM

<The following services are available

o View general information about the hotel

o View room facilities and prices
o View hall facilities and prices
o Book for available room
o Book for available hall
o Post comments

NEXT

Once the user selects an option and clicks NEXT, the input form for the option selected
appears on the screen. Else the form will be dismissed.
 CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 INTRODUCTION

This is the stage you use any object oriented programming language, such as java, Visual
basic.net, PHP, MySQL, etc., to implement your system. After the implementation, you testrun it
for correctness and then document it properly for the intended end users.

4.2 ARCHITECTURE OF THE SYSTEM

This shows the major computer components involved in the implementation of the system.

The figure below shows the system architecture of our proposed system.

User interface
Php Program MySQL
developed with Internet
database
Html, Css, and
Javascript

KEY database request

Database response

The user runs the application software in his/her PC to see the user interface. He then uses the
user interface to make appropriate input request which the PC sends to the database server
through a database connected for processing the feedback from the server is sent back to the
application software which then performs the final processing, and generate the output form on
the screen.
4.3 PROCEDURAL DESIGN

Here, we use a pseudo code or flowchart to describe how our system would operate.

4.3.1 PROGRAM FLOWCHART

The figure below shows the program flowchart for our proposed system

START

Display the following interface options;

1. View general information about the hotel
2. View room facilities and prices
3. View hall facilities and prices
4. Book for available room
5. Book for available hall
6. Post comments

YES
Option = 1? Perform the activity diagram for
option 1

NO
YES
Option =2 ? Perform the activity diagram for
option 2

NO
YES
Option =3 ? Perform the activity diagram for
option 3

NO
YES
Option =4 ? Perform the activity diagram for
option 4

NO
YES
Option =5 ? Perform the activity diagram for
option 5

NO
YES
Option= 6 ? Perform the activity diagram for
option 6
4.4 DEPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENT

DREAMWEAVER ENVIRONMENT:

4.5 DEPLOYMENT PLATFORM

PHP, MYSQL
 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 SUMMARY

The manual method of booking for hotel rooms in Nigeria has been characterized with several
problems like guests not having a prior knowledge of a particular hotel before arrival, delay in
registering a customer , some foul plays that the receptionists normally get themselves involved
in by not officially documenting some customers that checked in.

With respect to all this problems, this system is then introduced in order to tackle and
profer a better service to the customers checking into a hotel. With this new design , the
customer can access the hotels website anywhere in the world, see their location, book for room
prior to their arrival and be able to make a better choice from all the available hotels, within a
stipulated period of time.

5.2 CONCLUSION

The research work was carried out to develop a functional design that could be used in
the hotels everywhere. It is a general system that can be applied, it can also serve as a guideline
to educate students in the form of simulation. This system also this requires a knowledge in
computer use and internet accessibility.

This online system also presents features and online security to protect privacy and
financial information of clients/customers. It therefore holds a better benefit in helping customers
and making them have an easy access to any website of their choice.
5.3 RECOMMENDATION

With my observations during this research, I thereby recommend that;

(a) This system should also be used in schools to give students a futher and deeper
training to give further knowledge about online reservation and hotel management.
(b) That future researchers and developers can add modules and additional features as
this system is open for further improvements and developments because of the fast
pacing changes in technology
(c) A follow up study should be conducted to determine the usefulness and effectiveness
of the developed system upon implementation.
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