Turkey

Pop: 80.27 million

Literacy: 95% (male 98.4%, female 91.8%)

Life Expectancy: 75 Years

Turkey enjoyed very special relations bonded with fraternal ties rooted in history,
culture and religion.

Ankara

Ankara is the capital of Turkey.

Ankara is generally a formal city because of the parliament and heads of the state
residing here.

There are many interesting museums and sites to visit in Ankara, a skiing center
nearby, and a fine nightlife.

The province of Ankara is divided into 25 districts.

Population: 5.045 million

Area: 24,521 km sq.

Climate:

Ankara has a dry summer continental climate (very hot summers & very
cold winters)
Ankara has cold, snowy winters and hot, dry summers, with cool nightly
temperatures.

Economy:

The city has exported mohair (from the Angora goat)

Angora wool (from the Angora rabbit)
Also exported substantial amounts of goat and cat skins, gum, wax, honey,
berries, and madder root.
 Ankara is also famous for its pears.
Ankara is the center of the state-owned and private Turkish Defence and
aerospace companies.

Key sectors in Ankara:

Construction and heavy machinery

Defense and Aerospace
o Ankara is the driving force of defense industry.
o A joint defense and aviation industry base is unique in Turkey and one
of the few in the world was established in Ankara over an area of 3
million m2.
o 6 companies constitute 66% of the total turnover with their turnover
values summing up to 2.4 billion
o The only Turkish defense company that is listed among the worlds
top 100, Aselsan, is also based in Ankara.

Medical Technologies
o Ankara is one of the critical actors and production centers of medical
technologies.
o More than 40% of the sector is based in Ankara with 6 medicine and
10 engineering faculties and more than 80 hospitals.
o 41% of the total 106 companies reside in ankara
Information and Communication
Technologies

Overall Economy:

High level of education and income

Most residents of the city are working for the administration or in 6-7 target
industries (e.g. ICT, defense, medical, work and construction machinery,
health tourism, education, and furniture).

Culture:

Ankara was declared to be the Capital City of Turkish Republic in October

13, 1923 and now it is the second biggest city of Turkey.
 The designs of clothing of the two countries also have common origins in
Central Asia.
Both Turkey and Pakistan practice Sunni Hanafi Islam.
Religious ministers of both nations frequently contact each other.
It is the heart of Turkey concerning both its location and its function.
Since Ankara housed many different civilizations and empires, its cultural
heritage is very unique and precious. atalhyk, King Midas Tomb,
Mother Goddess, Cybele Statuette, Temple of Augustus and Alaeddin
Mosque are some of the examples of this rich cultural heritage that can be
traced in Ankara.

Political Parties:

Justice and Development Party (AKP) (Ruling)

Kemalist centre-left Republican People's Party (CHP) (opposition)
Nationalist Movement Party (MHP)

Main Sights:

There are about 50 museums in the city.

Mosques

Culture and Education:

Ankara is noted, within Turkey, for the multitude of universities it is home to.

Trade:

Turkey and Pakistan are founding members of the Economic Cooperation

Organization
Part of the Developing 8 Countries (D-8) organization
Preferential trading agreement , aiming to considerably increase trade and
investments, especially in transport, telecommunications, manufacturing,
tourism and other industries
Pakistani exports include rice, sesame seeds, leather, textiles, fabrics,
sports goods, and medical equipment. denim PET, ethanol, cotton yarn,
fabric and rice, garments, leather, carpets, surgical instruments, sports good,
chemicals
 Turkey's exports to Pakistan include wheat, chickpeas, lentils, diesel,
chemicals, transport vehicles, machinery and energy products. Man
made textiles, towels, steel structure, tanning and plastic chemicals,
processed milk.
The two countries are negotiating the Turkey-Pakistan Free Trade
Agreement.

Kshmir Conflict:

The Turkish ambassador spent a week in Pakistani Kashmir's capital city of

Muzaffarabad to express solidarity with the Kashmir cause.

Relations with Pakistan:

Pakistan has an embassy in Ankara

A Consulate-General in Istanbul
An honorary consulate in Izmir
Pakistan and Turkey plan to strengthen their close ties into a "strategic
partnership".
Pakistan and Turkey enjoy close cultural, historical and military relations
which are now expanding into deepening economic relations as both
countries seek to develop their economies.
Turkey supports Pakistan's position of holding a plebiscite under the UN to
decide if Kashmir wants to join Pakistan, a position which Turkish
President Erdogan reaffirmed in a joint address to the Pakistani parliament
and which was attended by Pakistan's military high command.
Turkey supports Pakistan's membership of the Nuclear Suppliers Group
Turkey and Pakistan enjoy close relations during both democratic and
military regimes, reflecting the depth of the relations between the two
nations.
He became the only foreign leader to address Pakistan's Parliament more
than once and visited Pakistan 7 times.
The Pakistan and Turkish Air Force signed a deal to purchase 52 Super
Mushkak trainer jets from Pakistan for Turkey to help train new pilots.
 The two nations are in the process of strengthening economic relations with
a Pakistan-Turkey Free Trade Agreement aiming to raise bilateral trade
volume to $10 billion by 2020.
Turkey and Pakistan have a strong defence relationship consisting of joint
exercises and a substantial portion of the Pakistan Navy's fleet consisting of
joint Pakistan-Turkish naval ships such as fleet tankers and fast attack craft.
The two countries have enjoyed strong military and diplomatic relations
which is now strengthening towards economic co-operation, with the free
trade agreement going through substantial stages of progress.

Military Relations:

Turkey is also currently a major arms seller to Pakistan.

Aids Exchange:

Turkey announced a package of $150 million for the quake-hit people.

The mosque is being built in the Ottoman Style in Pakistan's Bagh
District.[55]
Pakistan supplied Turkey with aid during the 1999 earthquake[56] and
during the 2011 Van earthquake.

Areas for Improvement:

Agreement on goods, services and investment

After the signing of new FTA with Turkey, both the countries will have
again the same positive trade balance.
Pakistan would implement an effective counter-terrorism strategy with the
cooperation of Turkey.
Pakistan in controlling cyber crimes and tackling the issue of radicalisation.
Pak-Turkey boosts defense ties
Turkey had gifted 34 T-37 aircraft and spares to Pakistan.
Turkey is, meanwhile, buying MFI-17 Super Mushshak aircraft from
Pakistan.
Troops from the two countries have also held joint drills.
 Istanbul

It is the largest city of Turkey

It is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural,
and historic center
Total Area: 5,343 square kilometers
Population: 14.8 million
Climate:
Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid
subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location
in a transitional climatic zone.
Winter is colder in Istanbul

Economy:

Istanbul is responsible for 27 percent of Turkey's GDP

20 percent of the country's industrial labor force residing in the city.
Istanbul is responsible for two-fifths of the nation's tax revenue.
Istanbul has a diverse industrial economy, producing commodities as
varied as olive oil, tobacco, vehicles, and electronics
Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination
It welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015.
The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17
palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in
Istanbul.

Culture:

Turkey's cultural scene had its roots in Istanbul.

Istanbul is the primary hub of Turkish media.

Education:

Istanbul University, founded in 1453, is the oldest Turkish educational

institution in the city.
Istanbul Technical University, founded in 1773, is the world's third-
oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences.
Vocational Education:

Vocational and technical secondary education involves the institutions

that both raise students as manpower in business and other
professional areas, prepare them for higher education and meet the
objectives of general secondary education
Includes technical education schools for boys, technical education
schools for girls, trade and tourism schools, religious education
schools, multi-program high schools, special education schools,
private education schools and health education schools.
Based on apprenticeship training programs, the Ministry of National
Education pays the insurance premiums against occupational
accidents, sicknesses during the vocational period and other
sicknesses of participants attending courses in relation to their
occupation.
345 vocational training centers