Sample Computations:

DATA
d1 = 25mm or 0.025m h1 = 256mm or 0.256m time =
d2 = 18mm or 0.018m h2 = 148mm or 0.148m 25sec

dinside = 144.2mm or 0.1442m hwater = 44.6cm or 0.446m

RESULTS
h (m) Volume (m3)

h = h1 - h2 (Dinside)2
v=( )( hwater)
4
h = 0.256m - 0.148m (0.1442m)2
v=( )(0.446m)
h = 0.108m 4
v = 7.2838x10-3m3

Theoretical Rate of Discharge (m3/s) Actual Rate of Discharge (m3/s)

Qt = (3.479)(d2)2((h / [1/(d2/d1)4])) Qa = v / t
Qt = (3.479)(0.018m)2((0.108m / Qa = 7.2838x10-3m3 / 25s
[1/(0.018m/0.025m)4])) Qa = 2.9135x10-4m3/s
Qt = 4.3319x10-4m3/s

Coefficient of Discharge Average Coefficient of Discharge

C d = Qa / Q t Ave. Cd = Cd1-8 / 8
Cd = 2.9135x10-4m3/s / 4.3319x10-4m3/s Ave. Cd = (0.68 + 0.66 + 0.67 + 0.67 + 0.68
Cd = 0.6726 + 0.68 + 0.6642 + 0.6745) / 8
Ave. Cd = 0.6723

% Difference

%diff = [(Ave. Cd - Cd) / Ave. Cd] x 100%

%diff = [(0.6723 - 0.67) / 0.6723] x 100%
%diff = 0.34%
Photos of Setup:
Analysis and Interpretation of Data and Result:
Based on the result obtained, the Actual Rate of Discharge in Trial no.1 is the highest
while the Qa in Trial no.2 is the lowest. As we can see in the table, while the Q a in Trial 1
is the highest, its volume and time is the lowest. And the volume of trial 5 and time of
trial 7 have the highest value.
The Theoretical Rate of Discharge of all trials is almost the same. It only differs in
decimal values. The Actual Rate of Discharge of all trials is nearly the same also. The
Coefficient of Discharge of Trial 1, 5, and 6 are the highest with the same value of 0.68.
And the trial 2 is the lowest with a value of 0.66.
And we get the Average Coefficient of Discharge by 0.6723. And the Percent Diff. in
our group is 0.34%.

Conclusion:
A venturi meter is a device used for measuring the rate of flow of a fluid flowing
through a pipe. The working of venturi meter is based on the principle of Bernoullis
equation. Bernoullis Equation states that in a steady, ideal flow of an incompressible
fluid, the total energy at any point of the fluid is constant. The total energy consists of
pressure energy, kinetic energy and potential energy or datum energy.
The main parts of a venturi meter are the short converging part, throat, and the
diverging part. In short converging part, it is the portion of the venturi where the fluid
gets converges. In throat, it is the middle portion of the venturi. Here the velocity of the
fluid increases and pressure decreases. It possesses the least cross section area. And the
diverging part is the portion where the fluid diverges.
For measuring discharge we should apply Bernoullis Equation at point 1 and at point
2. The following treatment is limited to incompressible fluids. Friction is neglected , the
meter is assumed to be horizontal and there is no pump. If v1 and v2 are the average
velocities at point 1 and point 2 respectively and is the density of fluid.
Abstract:
This experiment has enlightened our understanding on the parts and construction of a
Venturi meter and determining Venturi meters coefficient of discharge. It also helped
us understand how the Bernoullis equation is applied practically.
All group members were present and actively partook of the experiment which was
conducted in the Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics Laboratory on 10th of July, 2017.
The laboratory exercise cant be conduct without the guidance of our instructor. He
gave us the instruction of what we will do for us to complete this laboratory exercise,
the list of equipment, and the procedures. In this lab exercise, we used the Venturi
Meter which a device used for measuring the rate of flow of a fluid flowing through a
pipe. We also used the metric scale, the volumetric tank, the stopwatch, and the vernier
caliper.
Before the discussion, our instructor is already setup the Venturi meter and it already
connected to a water source through a hose. He open the outlet and allow water to flow
through the Venturi meter until the flow become steady. The d 1 and d2 are 25mm and
18mm respectively.
After the lecture and after we get the apparatus. We started to do the laboratory
exercise. We collect some amount of water flowing from the Venturi meter into a
volumetric tank. By the use of stopwatch, we record the time elapse during the
collection. The water we collect is more than a half of the volumetric tank. While we are
doing the exercise, we take some pictures for our final report. And then we measure the
h which is 0.108m. We get the inside diameter of tank which have a length of
144.2mm or 0.1442 m and the height of water in tank which have a length of 44.6 cm or
0.446m. And a time of 25 seconds. After the exercise, we return the apparatus and
started to compute for the Volume, the Actual Rate of Discharge, the Theoretical Rate of
Discharge, the Coefficient of Discharge, the Average Coefficient of Discharge, and the %
Difference.
We get 7.2838x10-3m3 for Volume, 4.3319x10-4m3/s for Theoretical Rate of Discharge,
2.9135x10-4m3/s for Actual Rate of Discharge, 0.6726 for Coefficient of Discharge, and
the Average Coefficient of Discharge is 0.6723. And our % Difference is 0.34%.
It can therefore be concluded that the experiment was successful.