Preliminary Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Design (S.I.

units)

Estimation of Heat Transfer Area Needed

Inputs Calculations

Fluid1 mass flow Overall heat transf.

rate, m1 = 11300 kg/hr coeff. estim., U = 2448 kJ/hr-m2-K

Fluid1 temp. in, T1in = 90 o

C Heat Transfer Rate, Q = 1,050,900 kJ/hr

Fluid1 temp. out, T1out = 60 o

C Log Mean Temp

Diff, DTlm = 44.8 o

C

Fluid1 sp. heat, Cp1 = 3.1 kJ/kg-oC

Heat Transfer Area, A = 9.58 m2

Fluid2 temp. in, T2in = 10 o

C

Fluid2 mass flow

Fluid2 temp. out, T2out = 50 o

C rate, m2 = 6270 kg/hr

Fluid2 sp. heat, Cp2 = 4.2 kJ/kg-oC

Overall heat transf.

coeff. estim., U = 680 J/sec-m2-K

Equations used for calculations:

Q = + (m1)(Cp1)(T1in - T1out)

Q = + (m2)(Cp2)(T2in - T2out)

DTlm = [(T1in - T2out) - (T1out - T2in)]/ln[(T1in - T2out)/(T1out - T2in)]

Q = U A DTlm
Preliminary Heat Exchanger Design (Shell and Tube)

Determination of Size and Number of Tubes (for known heat transfer area)

Inputs Calculations

Heat Transfer Area, A = 9.58 m2 Tube Diam. In m, D = 0.012 m

(from calculations above)
Surf. Area/tube, AT = 0.19 m2
Tube Diameter, Dmm = 12 mm
(in mm) No. of tubes, N = 50.8

Tube Length, L = 5 m

Equations used for calculations:

D = Dmm/1000

AT = pDL

N = A/AT
Calculation of Frictional Head Loss through Tubes
for given flow rate, Q, pipe diam., D, pipe length, L, number of tubes, N,
pipe roughness, e, and fluid properties, r & m.

1. Determ. Frict. Factor, f, assuming completely turbulent flow { f = [1.14 + 2 log10(D/e)]-2 }

Inputs No. of tubes, N = 50.8

Pipe Diameter, D 12 mm Calculations

Pipe Roughness, e 0.15 mm Pipe Diameter, D 0.012 m

Pipe Length, L 5 m Friction Factor, f 0.04088

Pipe Flow Rate, Q 0.00345 m3/s Cross-Sect. Area, A = 0.005748 m2

Fluid Density, r 910 kg/m3 Ave. Velocity, V 0.600 m/s

(tubeside fluid)
Fluid Viscosity, m 0.001787 N-s/m2 Reynolds number, Re 3,667
(tubeside fluid)

2. Check on whether the given flow is "completely turbulent flow"

(Calculate f with the transition region equation and see if it differs from the one calculated above.)
f = {-2*log10[((e/D)/3.7)+(2.51/(Re*(f1/2))]}-2

Transistion Region Friction Factor, f: f= 0.0531

Repeat calc of f using new value of f: f= 0.0518

Repeat again if necessary: f= 0.0519

3. Calculate hL and DPf, using the final value for f calculated in step 2

(hL = f(L/D)(V2/2g) and DPf = rghL)

Frictional Head Loss, hL 0.39697 m

Frictional Pressure
Drop, DPf 3544 N/m2
Frictional Pressure
Drop, DPf 3.5 kN/m2