NOTES-BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books
Format for Note:
Note number. Author First Last, Title (Location of Publisher: Publisher, Year of Pub.),
pages cited.

Sample Citation:
Book:
Welch, Kathleen E. Electric Rhetoric: Classical Rhetoric, Oralism and a New Literacy.
One Author
Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999.

Sample Note:
43. Kathleen E. Welch, Electric Rhetoric: Classical Rhetoric, Oralism and a New Literacy
(Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999), 143.
Format for Note:
Note number. Author First Last and Author First Last, Title (Location of Publisher:
Publisher, Year of Pub), pages cited.

[Note: Include all authors regardless of number in the order they appear on the book's title
page when creating your Bibliography. Abbreviated author entries are allowed in endnotes
or footnotes, using the terms "et al." or "and others."]

Sample Citation:
Book: Lunsford, Andrea, and Lisa Ede. Singular Texts/Plural Authors:Perspectives on Collaborative
Two or More Writing. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1990.
Authors
Patten, Michael A., Guy McCaskie, and Philip Unitt. Birds of the Salton Sea: Status,
Biogeography, and Ecology. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.

Sample Note:
8. Andrea Lunsford and Lisa Ede, Singular Texts/Plural Authors:Perspectives on
Collaborative Writing (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1990), 59-60.

11. Michael A. Patten, Guy McCaskie, and Philip Unitt, Birds of the Salton Sea: Status,
Biogeography, and Ecology (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003), 52.
Format for Note:
Note number. Author First Last, Title (Location of Publisher: Publisher, Year of
Publication), format of e-book.

Sample Citation:
Electronic
Welch, Kathleen E. Electric Rhetoric: Classical Rhetoric, Oralism and a New Literacy.
Book
Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999. netLibrary e-book.

Sample Note:
15. Kathleen E. Welch, Electric Rhetoric: Classical Rhetoric, Oralism and a New Literacy
(Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999), netLibrary e-book.
Format for Note:
Note number. Author First Last, "Title of Chapter/Article," in Title, ed. Editor's First Last
Name (Location of Publisher: Publisher, Year of Pub.), pages cited.

Sample Citation:
Wells, Ida B. "Lynch Law in All Its Phases." In With Pen and Voice: A critical anthology of
Chapter
nineteenth-century African-American women, edited by Shirley Wilson Logan, 80-99.
in a Book
Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1995.

Sample Note:
32. Ida B. Wells, "Lynch Law in All Its Phases," in With Pen and Voice: A critical
anthology of nineteenth-century African-American women, ed. Shirley Wilson Logan
(Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1995), 34.
 Format for Note:
Note number. Original Author First Last, Title, trans. First Name Last (Location of
Publisher: Publisher, Year of Pub.), pages cited.

Translated Sample Citation:

Book Eisenstein, Sergei. Film Sense. Translated by Jay Leyda. London: Faber and Faber, 1968.

Sample Note:
23. Sergei Eisenstein, Film Sense, trans. Jay Leyda (London: Faber and Faber, 1968), 14-
15.

JOURNALS
Format for Note:
Note number. Author First Last, "Title," Journal Name volume #, no. issue number
(Month/Season Year): page number used.

Sample Citation:
Journal Article:
Haraway, Donna J. "A Game of Cat's Cradle: Science Studies, Feminist Theory, Cultural
Print
Studies." Configurations 2, no. 1 (1994): 59-71.

Sample Note:
33. Donna J. Haraway, "A Game of Cat's Cradle: Science Studies, Feminist Theory,
Cultural Studies," Configurations 2, no. 1 (1994): 64.
Format for Note:
Note number. Author First Last and Author First Last, "Title," Journal Name volume #,
no. issue number (Month/Season Year): page number used.

[Note: Include all authors regardless of number in the order they appear in the byline
for the article. Abbreviated author entries are allowed in endnotes/footnotes, using
Journal Article: "et al." or "and others."]
Two or More
Authors Sample Citation:
Gautreau, Ronald, and Jeffrey M. Cohen. "Birth and Death of a Black Hole." American Journal
of Physics 65 (May 1997): 444-446.

Sample Note:
14. Ronald Gautreau and Jeffrey M. Cohen, "Bird and Death of a Black Hole," American
Journal of Physics 65 (May 1997): 445.
Format for Note:
Note number. Author First Last, "Title," Journal Name volume #, no. issue # (Month or
Season Year): page numbers used, URL (accessed date of access).

Journal Article: Sample Citation:

From a Full-Text Ferrell, Robert H. "Truman's Place in History." Reviews in American History 18, no. 1 (March
Database 1990): 1-9. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2702718 (accessed February 3, 2005).

Sample Note:
14. Robert H. Ferrell, "Truman's Place in History," Reviews in American History 18, no. 1
(March 1990): 8-9, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2702718 (accessed February 3, 2005).
Format for Note:
Note number. Author First Last, "Title," Journal Name volume #, issue # (Month Day,
Year of Pub), URL (accessed Month Day, Year of Access).

Sample Citation:
Jobe, Karen D. "Women and the Language of Hackerdom: The Gendered Nature of Hacker
Jargon." Kairos 5, no. 2 (Fall 2000),
Journal Article:
http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/5.2/binder.html?coverbweb/jobe/women&hackerdom.ht
Online
m (accessed March 23, 2005).

Sample Note:
42. Karen D. Jobe, "Women and the Language of Hackerdom: The Gendered Nature of
Hacker Jargon," Kairos 5, no. 2 (Fall 2000),
http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/5.2/binder.html?coverweb/jobe/women&hackerdom.htm
(accessed 23 March 2005).
 MAGAZINES
Format for Notes:
Note number. Author First Last, "Title," Magazine Name, Month Day, Year, page
number used.

[Note: Bibliographic citations do not require inclusive page numbers for an article, although
Magazine Article: these may be included. Page numbers cited should be included in the note.]
Print
Sample Citation:
Swartz, Mimi. "An Enron Yard Sale." New Yorker, May 6, 2002.

Sample Note:
13. Mimi Swartz, "An Enron Yard Sale," New Yorker, May 6, 2002, 51.
Format for Notes:
Note number. Author First Last and Author First Last, "Title," Magazine Name, Month
Day, Year, pages used.

[Note: For more information on citing more than two authors, see the explanation under
Journal Article: Two or More Authors.]
Magazine Article:
Two or More
Sample Citation:
Authors
Silver, Marc, and James M. Pethokoukis. "Attack of the Cloned Light Sabers." U.S. News &
World Report, May 13, 2002.

Sample Note:
41. Marc Silver and James M. Pethokoukis, "Attack of the Cloned Light Sabers," U.S.
News & World Report, May 13, 2002, 63.
Format for Notes:
Note number. Author First Last, "Title," Magazine Name, Month, Day, Year of Pub,
pages used, URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Sample Citation:
Swartz, Mimi. "An Enron Yard Sale." New Yorker, May 6, 2002. http://web.lexis-
Magazine Article:
nexis.com/universe/document?_m=b68471eb6243cfc730dc18cc03d6c746&_docnum=
from a
1&wchp=dGLbVtb-zSkVA&_md5=0c8c5465eafe026db72b1a417350c8e9 (accessed
Full-Text Database
June 23, 2004).

Sample Note:
13. Mimi Swartz, "An Enron Yard Sale," New Yorker, May 6, 2002, 51, http://web.lexis-
nexis.com/universe/document?_m=b68471eb6243cfc730dc18cc03d6c746&_docnum=1&wc
hp=dGLbVtb-zSkVA&_md5=0c8c5465eafe026db72b1a417350c8e9 (accessed June 23, 2004).
Format for Notes:
Note number. Author First Last, "Title," Magazine Name, Month Day, Year of Pub, URL
(accessed Month Day, Year of Access).

Sample Citation:
Magazine Article: Leonard, Andrew. "Embracing the Dark Side of the Brand." Salon.com, May 18, 2005.
Online http://www.salon.com/mwt/feature/2005/05/18/star_wars_lego/index_
np.html (accessed May 22, 2005).
Sample Note:
24. Andrew Leonard, "Embracing the Dark Site of the Brand," Salon.com, May 18, 2005,
http://dir.salon.com/story/mwt/feature/2005/05/18/star_wars_lego/ index.html (accessed
May 22, 2005).

NEWSPAPERS
Format for Notes:
Note number. Author First Last, "Title," Newspaper Name, edition info if necessary
Newspaper Month Day, Year of Publication.
Article:
Print Sample Note:
7. Tamar Lewin, "SAT essay scores are in, but will they be used?," New York Times, May
15, 2005.
 Format for Notes:
Note number. Author First Last, "Title of Article," Newspaper Name, Month Day, Year
of Publication, edition if necessary, URL (accessed Month Day, Year).
Newspaper
Article:
Sample Note:
from a
13. Matt Flores, "San Antonio, Texas-Area Business Students Manage Real Portfolio,"
Full-Text
San Antonio Express-News, December 18, 2001,
Database
http://find.galegroup.com/itx/infomark.do?&contentSet=IACDocuments&type=retrieve&tabI
D=T004&prodId=SPNSP00&docId=CJ120721119&source=gale&srcprod=SP00&userGroupNam
e=txshracd2584&version=1.0 (accessed February 10, 2004).
Format for Notes:
Note number. Author First Last, "Article Title," Newspaper Name, Month Day, Year of
Newspaper Publication, URL (accessed Month Day, Year).
Article:
Online Sample Note:
19. Lynda V. Mapes, "Unearthing Tse-whit-zen," Seattle Times, May 25, 2005,
http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/local/klallam/index.html (accessed August 1, 2005).
Format for Notes:
Note number. Author First Last, letter to the editor, Newspaper Name, Month
Letter
Day, Year of Publication.
to the
Editor
Sample Note:
22. Deborah D. Davies, letter to the editor, San Francisco Chronicle, May 16, 2005.

ELECTRONIC SOURCES
Format for Notes:
Note number. Last Name, First of Author, Title, URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Sample Citation:
Multi-Page
Weissmann, Anne. Ernest Haeckel: Art Forms in Nature.
Internet Site:
http://www.mblwhoilibrary.org/haeckel/index.html (accessed January 14, 2007).
Entire Site
Sample Note:
16. Anne Weissmann, Ernest Haeckel: Art Forms in Nature,
http://www.mblwhoilibrary.org/haeckel/index.html (accessed January 14, 2007).
Format for Notes:
Note number. Corporate Author Name or Last Name, First of Author, "Title of Page," Title of
site, URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Multi-Page Sample Citation:

Internet Site: Sun, Yee-Fan. "Shacking Up." DigsMagazine.
Single Page http://www.digsmagazine.com/lounge/lounge_shackingup.htm (accessed March 2,
on Site 2005).

Sample Note:
12. Yee-Fan Sun, "Shacking Up," DigsMagazine.com, http://www.
digsmagazine.com/lounge/lounge_shackingup.htm (accessed March 2, 2005).
Format for Notes:
Note number. Corporate Author Name, Title of Site, Owner of site if different from
author, URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Multi-Page Sample Citation:

Internet Site: Miller Center of Public Affairs. American President. University of Virginia.
Corporate Author http://www.americanpresident.com (accessed June 14, 2005).

Sample Note:
19. Miller Center of Public Affairs, American President, University of Virginia,
http://www.americanpresident.com (accessed June 14, 2005)
 Format for Notes:
Note number. Author First Last, Title of home page, URL (accessed Month Day, Year).

Sample Citation:
Personal Harvey, Billy. Billy Harvey Has Had Hair Longer Than Yours. http://www.billyharvey.com
Home Page (accessed May 25, 2005).

Sample Note:
18. Billy Harvey, Billy Harvey Has Had Hair Longer Than Yours,
http://www.billyharvey.com (accessed May 25, 2005).
Format for Notes:
Note number. Author of e-mail, email message to author, Month Day, Year
of email message.
E-mail
Sample Note:
15. Christopher Nolan, e-mail message to author, September 5, 2003.

AUTHOR-DATE

BOOKS
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Pub. Title. Location of Publisher: Publisher.
Book:
One Author Sample Citation:
Welch, Kathleen E. 1999. Electric rhetoric: Classical rhetoric, oralism and a new literacy.
Cambridge: MIT Press.
Format:
Author Last, First, and Author First Last. Year of Pub. Title. Location of Publisher: Publisher.

[Note: Include all authors regardless of number in the order they appear on the book's title
page. See page 229-230 of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations
Book: by Kate L. Turabian for further information.]
Two or More
Authors Sample Citation:
Lunsford, Andrea, and Lisa Ede. 1990. Singular texts/plural authors: Perspectives on
collaborative writing. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.

Patten, Michael A., Guy McCaskie, and Philip Unitt. 2003. Birds of the Salton Sea: Status,
biogeography, and ecology. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Pub. Title. Location of Publisher: Publisher. Format of e-book.
Electronic
Book Sample Citation:
Welch, Kathleen E. 1999. Electric rhetoric: Classical rhetoric, oralism and a new literacy.
Cambridge: MIT Press. netLibrary e-book.
Format:
Author Last, First. Year. Title of Chapter/Article. In Title, ed. First Last, Inclusive page
numbers. Location of Publisher: Publisher.
Chapter
in a Book Sample Citation:
Wells, Ida B. 1995. Lynch law in all its phases. In With pen and voice: A critical anthology of
nineteenth-century African-American women, ed. Shirley Wilson Logan, 80-99.
Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
Format:
Original Author Last, First. Year of Pub. Title. Trans. First Name Last. Location of Publisher:
Translated Publisher.
Book
Sample Citation:
Eisenstein, Sergei. 1968. Film sense. Trans. Jay Leyda. London: Faber and Faber.
Encyclopedias,
Turabian style suggests that only specialized encyclopedias, dictionaries, and other
Dictionaries, &
reference works be included in the list of References. Popular or common reference
Multi-Volume
texts may be included in notes or parenthetical citations.
Works
 JOURNALS
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Publication. Title. Journal Name volume #, no. issue #
(Month/Season): inclusive page numbers.

[Note: The month of publication is not required if the issue number is present.
Journal Article:
However, seasons or months may be included in parentheses after the volume
Print
number.]

Sample Citation:
Haraway, Donna J. 1994. A game of cat's cradle: Science studies, feminist theory, cultural
studies. Configurations 2, no. 1: 59-71.
Format:
Author Last, First, and Author First Last. Year of Pub. Title. Journal Name volume #, no. issue
# (Month/Season): inclusive page numbers.

[Note: Include all authors regardless of number in the order they appear in the article
byline when creating your Bibliography.]
Journal Article:
Two or More Sample Citation:
Authors Gautreau, Ronald, and Jeffrey M. Cohen. 1997. Birth and death of a black hole. American
Journal of Physics 65 (May): 444-446.

Pridmore, William, Mitchell Chamlin, and Adam Trahan. 1997. A test of competing
hypotheses about homicide following terrorist attacks: An interrupted time series
analysis of September 11 and Oklahoma City. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 24
(December): 381-96.
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Pub. Title. Journal Name volume #, no. issue # (Month of
Journal Article: Publication): inclusive page numbers if available. URL (access Month Day, Year).
From a Full-Text
Database Sample Citation:
Ferrell, Robert H. 1990. Truman's Place in History. Reviews in American History 18, no. 1: 1-9.
http://www.jstor.org (accessed February 3, 2005).
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Pub. Title. Journal Name (Day Month of Pub). URL (accessed
Month Day, Year).
Journal Article:
Sample Citation:
Online
Jobe, Karen D. 2000. Women and the language of hackerdom: The gendered nature of
hacker jargon. Kairos (Fall).
http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/5.2/binder.html?coverweb/jobe/women&hackerdom.ht
m (accessed March 23, 2005).

MAGAZINES
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Pub. Title. Magazine Name, Month Day.

[Note: Citations in the author-date style do not require inclusive page numbers for an article,
Magazine Article:
although these may be included. Page numbers cited should be included in the parenthetical
Print
reference.]

Sample Citation:
Swartz, Mimi. 2002. An Enron yard sale. New Yorker, May 6.
Format:
Author Last, First, and Author First Last. Year of Pub. Title. Magazine Name, Month Day.

[Note: Include all authors regardless of number in the order they appear in the article byline
Magazine Article:
when creating your Bibliography. See page 229-230 of A Manual for Writers of Term Papers,
Two or More
Theses, and Dissertations by Kate L. Turabian for further information.]
Authors
Sample Citation:
Silver, Marc, and James M. Pethokoukis. 2002. Attack of the cloned light sabers. U.S. News &
World Report, May 13.
 Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Pub. Title. Magazine Name, Month Day. URL (accessed Month Day,
Year).
Magazine Article:
from a Sample Citation:
Full-Text Database Swartz, Mimi. 2002. An Enron yard sale. New Yorker, May 6. http://web.lexis-
nexis.com/universe/document?_m=b68471eb6243cfc730dc18cc03d6c746&_docnum=
1&wchp=dGLbVtb-zSkVA&_md5=0c8c5465eafe026db72b1a417350c8e9 (accessed
June 23, 2004).
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Publication. Title. Magazine Name, Month Day. URL (accessed
Month Day, Year).
Magazine Article:
Online Sample Citation:
Leonard, Andrew. 2005. Embracing the dark side of the brand. Salon, May 18.
http://www.salon.com/mwt/feature/2005/05/18/star_wars_lego/index_np.html
(accessed May 22, 2005).

NEWSPAPERS
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Publication. Title of Article. Newspaper Name. Month Day of
Newspaper Article: Publication.
Print
Sample Citation:
Lewin, Tamar. 2005. SAT essay scores are in, but will they be used? New York Times. May 15.
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Publication. Title of Article. Newspaper Name. Month Day of Pub.
URL (accessed Month Day, Year).
Newspaper Article:
Sample Citation:
from a
Flores, Matt. 2001. San Antonio, Texas-area business students manage real portfolio. San
Full-Text Database
Antonio Express-News. December 18.
http://find.galegroup.com/itx/infomark.do?&contentSet=IACDocuments&type=retriev
e&tabID=T004&prodId=SPN.SP00&docId=CJ120721119&source=gale&srcprod=SP00&
userGroupName=txshracd2584&version=1.0 (accessed February 10, 2004).
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Publication. Title of Article. Newspaper Name. Month Day. URL
(accessed Month Day, Year).
Newspaper Article:
Online Sample Citation:
Mapes, Lynda V. 2005. Unearthing Tse-whit-zen. Seattle Times. May 25.
http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/local/klallam/index.html (accessed August 1,
2005).
Format:
Letter Author Last, First. Year of Pub. Letter to the editor. Newspaper Name. Month Day.
to the
Editor Sample Citation:
Davies, Deborah D. 2005. Letter to the editor. San Francisco Chronicle. May 16.

ELECTRONIC SOURCES
Format:
Last Name, First of Author. Date of Pub. Title. URL (accessed Month Day, Year).
Multi-Page
[Note: If the date of publication is not available, remove this element from the citation.]
Internet Site:
Entire Site
Sample Citation:
Weissmann, Anne. 2006. Ernest Haeckel: Art forms in nature.
http://www.mblwhoilibrary.org/haeckel/index.html (accessed January 14, 2007).
 Format:
Corporate Author Name or Last Name, First of Author. Date of Pub. Title of page. Title of
Multi-Page site. URL (accessed Month Day, Year).
Internet Site:
Single Page Sample Citation:
on Site Sun, Yee-Fan. Shacking up. DigsMagazine.com.
http://www.digsmagazine.com/lounge/lounge_shackingup.htm (accessed March 2,
2005).
Format:
Corporate Author Name. Date of Pub. Title of Site. URL (accessed Month Day, Year).
Multi-Page
Internet Site:
Sample Citation:
Corporate Author
Miller Center of Public Affairs. American President.
http://milltercenter.org/academic/americanpresident (accessed June 14, 2005).
Format:
Author Last, First. Date of Pub. Title of Site. URL (accessed Month Day, Year).
Personal
Home Page Sample Citation:
Harvey, Billy. Billy Harvey has had hair longer than yours. http://www.billyharvey.com
(accessed May 25, 2005).
[Note: E-mail messages are not included in the list of References. A parenthetical citation
may be used to cite an e-mail message in the text of an essay.]

Format:
E-mail
(Author First Name Last, Month Day, Year, e-mail message to author)

Example:
(Christopher Nolan, September 5, 2003, e-mail message to author)