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Dr. Sau. Kamaltai Gawai Institute of Engineering & Technology, Darapur, Amravati, Maharashtra, India
Email: shetebharati@gmail.com
Abstract: Construction industry is one of the industry which uses largest quantities of natural resources throughout its life
span. That is starting from construction, site selection, land use and even after completion, water bodies, lighting, ventilation,
maintenance etc. In each of these cases we are using natural resources but nowadays these resources are diminishing rapidly
and its the time to go for the sustainable development that is to preserve these natural resources for our future generations.
In order to conserve all these natural resources here comes the concept of green building.
Generally, the green building is considered to be an environmental component, as the green building materials are
manufactured from local eco-sources, i.e. environmentally friendly materials, which are then used to make an eco-
construction subject to an eco-design that provides a healthy habitat built on the cultural and architectural heritage in
construction while ensuring conservation of natural resources. This ensures disassembling the building components and
materials, after a determined building lifetime, to environmentally friendly materials that can be either re-used or recycled.
During their lifecycle, the green buildings minimize the use of resources (energy and water); reduce the harmful impact on
the ecology, and provide better indoor environment.
Sustainability was dened nearly thirty years ago as progress that serves the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Today, population growth, nite resources and
recognition of climate pattern anomalies possibly resultant from resource depletion and fossil fuel combustion gases are
motivating architects, builders, designers and owners to demand products that use resources wisely. This social
consciousness and the nancial reality of increasing energy costs has dramatically shortened payback periods for investment
in sustainable alternatives, so that, put simply, it pays to be green.
So in this paper author discusses in detail that what is the green building and what is the difference between green
bldg. and ordinary bldg. what are the objectives to go for green building? How to achieve these concept? And what are the
measures or how we came to know that our construction is going towards green building concept.
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SUSTAINABLE GREEN BUILDING ENVIRONMENT Bharati S Shete
Dr. Sau. Kamaltai Gawai Institute of Engineering & Technology, Darapur, Amravati, Maharashtra, India
Email: shetebharati@gmail.com
Abstract: Construction industry is one of the industry which uses largest quantities of natural resources throughout its life
span. That is starting from construction, site selection and land use and after completion, water bodies, lighting, ventilation,
maintenance etc. In each of these cases we are using natural resources but nowadays these resources are diminishing rapidly
and its the time to go for the sustainable development that is to preserve these natural resources for our future generations.
In order to conserve all these natural resources here comes the concept of green building.
Generally, the green building is considered to be an environmental component, as the green building materials are
manufactured from local eco-sources, i.e. environmentally friendly materials, which are then used to make an eco-
construction subject to an eco-design that provides a healthy habitat built on the cultural and architectural heritage in
construction while ensuring conservation of natural resources. This ensures disassembling the building components and
materials, after a determined building lifetime, to environmentally friendly materials that can be either re-used or recycled.
During their lifecycle, the green buildings minimize the use of resources (energy and water); reduce the harmful impact on
the ecology, and provide better indoor environment.
Sustainability was dened nearly thirty years ago as progress that serves the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Today, population growth, nite resources and
recognition of climate pattern anomalies possibly resultant from resource depletion and fossil fuel combustion gases are
motivating architects, builders, designers and owners to demand products that use resources wisely. This social
consciousness and the nancial reality of increasing energy costs has dramatically shortened payback periods for investment
in sustainable alternatives, so that, put simply, it pays to be green.
So in this paper author discusses in detail that what is the green building and what is the difference between green
bldg. and ordinary bldg. what are the objectives to go for green building? How to achieve these concept? And what are the
measures or how we came to know that our construction is going towards green building concept.
2
SUSTAINABLE GREEN BUILDING ENVIRONMENT Bharati S Shete
quality of life. Another definition says that, A that minimize the use of resources, reduce harmful
green building is one whose construction and effects on the ecology, and create better
lifetime of operation assure the healthiest possible environments for occupants.
environment while representing the most efficient Green building incorporates integrated
and least disruptive use of land, water, energy and design concepts, solar orientation, appropriate
resources. The optimum design solution is one footprint sizing, glazing awareness, material
that effectively emulates all of the natural systems durability, economic life-cycle analysis, material
and conditions of the pre-developed site after reuse and salvage, natural material content, locally
development is complete. available materials and economic sustainability.
Green buildings exhibit a high level of 2. GREEN BUILDINGS VS
environmental, economic and engineering CONVENTIONAL BUILDINGS
performance. These include energy efficiency and The environmental impacts of buildings
conservation, improved indoor air quality, resource are enormous. Conventional buildings use large
and material efficiency, and occupant's health and amounts of energy, land, water, and raw materials
productivity. Kamana and Escultura (2011) for their construction and operation. They are
defined sustainable building or green building responsible for large greenhouse gas (GHG)
as an outcome of a design which focuses on emissions as well as emissions of other harmful air
increasing the efficiency of resource use energy, pollutants. Electric lighting consumes about one-
water, and materials - while reducing building quarter to one-third of the energy in a typical
impacts on human health and the environment commercial building. Lighting also generates heat,
during the buildings lifecycle, through better so reducing the amount of energy consumed for
location, design, construction, operation, lighting through effective and efficient lighting also
maintenance, and removal. Pan et al. (2011) added reduces the size of a buildings air-conditioning
that a green building is an outcome of a design plant. They also generate large amounts of
philosophy which focuses on increasing the construction and demolition (C&D) waste and have
efficiency of resource use. serious impacts on plants and wildlife. An analysis
Green Building, also known as of these issues demonstrates the scope of the
Sustainable Building, is the practice of creating problem.
structures and using processes that are 2.1Green Techniques:-
environmentally responsible and resource-efficient. Emphasis of four Rs:-Via sound
The aim of designing a Green Building is to reduce designing, construction and building
the overall impact of the built environment on commissioning without compromising structural
human health and the natural environment. This is durability, indoor pollutant levels, ventilation,
represented by following triangle in fig.1, building code requirements, or marketability
includes:-
Reduce: - lower quantity of building
material, resources, and embodied energy are used.
Reuse:-construction materials that are
practical and structurally sound are reused.
Recycle: - recycled materials are used, and
home is designed for recyclables.
Renewable: - energy from natural sources
and renewable building materials are emphasized.
The technique which emphasizes these four Rs
are called as Green Techniques. These Green
techniques can be classified as follows:-
2.1.1 Structural or civil techniques.
Fig.1.Concept of Green Building Investing in energy-efficient options, such
as insulation, will provide a continued payback to
The terms green and green building the homeowner and a more enjoyable and
applies to construction strategies, building design comfortable living environment for many years, as
and orientation, landscaping, building operations, well as a reduction in emission of greenhouse
maintenance, and more. The less impact a building gases. Use of Insulated wall such as air gap
has on human health and the environment, the more insulation, cotton insulation, mineral wool
green it is. A green building is designed, insulation, plastic fiber insulation will be helpful in
constructed and operated to minimize the total this case.
environmental impacts while enhancing user Green Cement, Fly ash brick, transparent
comfort and productivity. Chatterjee (2009) roof / sustainable day lighting, Green Roofs, Green
defined the green building practice as a process Paints, Eco Wood, and Green Glasses are some of
to create buildings and infrastructure in such a way the other green building materials. And using these
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SUSTAINABLE GREEN BUILDING ENVIRONMENT Bharati S Shete
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SUSTAINABLE GREEN BUILDING ENVIRONMENT Bharati S Shete
design, planning and construction and effective fresh air supply, adequate acoustic control, access
recycling of construction debris. Maximize the use to daylight and public amenities.
of recycled content materials, modern resource 4.5 Community issues
efficient engineered materials, and resource The points to be considered in community
efficient composite type structural systems issues are access to site by mass transit and
wherever possible. Maximize the use of re-usable, pedestrian or bicycle paths, attention to culture and
renewable, sustainably managed, bio-based history of community, climatic characteristics as
materials. Remember that human creativity and they affect design of building or building materials,
our abundant labor force is perhaps our most local incentives, policies, regulations that promote
valuable renewable resource. The best solution is green design, Infrastructure in community to
not necessarily the one that requires the least handle demolition-waste recycling and regional
amount of physical work. availability of environmental products and
4. TYPICAL GREEN BUILDING expertise
GUIDELINE ISSUES 5. GREEN BUILDING RATING SYSTEMS
In which way we can achieve these Building rating systems are a popular tool
green building issues can best be explained in to bring momentum in achieving energy efficiency
following paras, and sustainability in buildings. The country has
4.1 Energy efficiency and renewable energy currently two rating systems namely, LEED and
It can be achieved by Building orientation GRIHA.
to take advantage of solar access, shading, and 5.1 Leadership in Energy and Environmental
natural lighting, considering the effect of micro- Design (LEED)
climate on building, Thermal efficiency of building The Leadership in Energy and
envelope and fenestration and properly sized and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building
efficient heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning Rating Syste, developed and managed by the
(HVAC) system USGBC, is the most widely used rating system in
4.2 Alternative energy sources North America. Buildings are given ratings of
It can be achieved by minimization of platinum, gold, silver, or certified, based on
electric loads from lighting, appliances, and green building attributes. The Indian Green
equipment, Utility incentives to offset costs, Building Council (IGBC) founded by the
considering Direct and indirect environmental collaboration between the Confederation of Indian
impact Integrity of site and vegetation during Industry (CII) and the private manufacturer Godrej,
construction, Use of integrated pest management, has taken steps to promote the green building
Use of native plants for landscaping, minimization concept in India. Currently, IGBC is facilitating the
of disturbance to the watershed and additional non- LEED rating of the U.S. Green Building Council in
point-source pollution, Effect of materials choice India. LEED-India was launched in 2001 and rates
on resource depletion and air and water pollution, buildings on environmental performance and
Use of indigenous building materials and amount energy efficiency during the design, construction
of energy used to produce building materials. and operation stages.
4.3 Resource conservation and recycling 5.2 Green rating for integrated habitat
It can be achieved by Use of recyclable assessment (Griha)
products and those with recycled material content, The Ministry of New and Renewable
Reuse of building components, equipment, and Energy have adopted a national rating system-
furnishings. Minimization of construction waste GRIHA which was developed by The Energy and
and demolition debris through reuse and recycling, Resources Institute (TERI). It is an indigenously
Easy access to recycling facilities for building developed rating system completely tuned to the
occupants, Minimization of sanitary waste through climatic variations, architectural practices, existing
reuse of gray water and water-saving devices, Use practices of construction and attempting to revive
of rainwater for irrigation, Water conservation in the passive architecture. The GRIHA rating system
building operations, Use of alternative wastewater takes into account the provisions of the National
treatment methods Building Code 2005, the Energy Conservation
4.4 Indoor environmental quality Building Code 2007 announced by BEE and other
Occupants healthy environment can be IS codes. This was developed specifically aimed at
achieved by minimizing the use of volatile organic non-air conditioned or partially air conditioned
compound content of building materials, buildings. GRIHA has been developed to rate
opportunity for microbial growth. Minimization of commercial, institutional and residential buildings
business-machine, chemical content and volatility in India emphasizing national environmental
of maintenance and cleaning materials, and concerns, regional climatic conditions and
occupant pollution sources. Other measures to indigenous solutions.
provide healthy living conditions are adequate GRIHA stresses passive solar
techniques for optimizing visual and thermal
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SUSTAINABLE GREEN BUILDING ENVIRONMENT Bharati S Shete
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SUSTAINABLE GREEN BUILDING ENVIRONMENT Bharati S Shete
single greatest stress on the environment, Last but not least, A Green building
accounting for the world's fresh water withdrawals, creates Delight when you enter, Serenity and
one-quarter of its wood harvest, and two fifths of health when occupied Serenity and health when
its material and energy flows. In such a scenario of occupied & Regret while you depart
shortages of clean water and other materials, and
the possibility of devastating climate change, the
greening of buildings constitutes a collective vital. REFERENCES
Given the political difficulties of obtaining energy, 1. Background paper for Sustainable Buildings and
and likely future shortages of conventional energy Construction for India: Policies, Practices and Performance
Influence of Indianbuildings on Climate change, JLLM, 2007,
sources, we cannot ignore the enormous Accelerating Transformation: Investments in Indian Real estate,
conservation that green buildings make possible. Knowledge Centre-White paper series volume 2:2, Jones
And buildings with natural materials and lighting Lang Lasalle Meghra
also create a happier, healthier, more productive 2. M. Samer, Towards the implementation of the Green
atmosphere. Building concept in agricultural buildings: a literature review
(Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of
At present, ecological awareness is an Agricultural Engineering, El-Gammaa Street, 12613 Giza,
issue of rising global importance. The concepts of Egypt)
sustainable building make invaluable contributions 3. Alexis Karolides, An Introduction to Green Building
in the efforts to control and reduce the effects of RMI Solutions Fall 2002
4. Sustainable Buildings and the Carbon Footprint An
global warming and climate change. In this overview, www.expresstowers.in
atmosphere it becomes the responsibility of 5. Mrs. Gautami Pujare, Green Buildings Structural & Civil
industries, businesses and individuals to make Techniques V.P.M.s Polytechnic, Thane
informed and proactive contributions to reduce the 6. Rama U Pandey, Green Buildings Faculty, Department of
Planning, SPA Bhopal
negative output of development.