Bhakta Bahadur Shrestha

Structural Analysis & Design Report
A
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
REPORT
OF
THE PROPOSED BUILDING OF RESIDENTIAL
OWNER:
Mr. Bhakta Bahadur Shrestha
SUBMITTED TO:
Dharan Sub-Metropolitan city, Sunsari
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN
This report comprises the summary of the residential building of Mr. Bhakta Bahadur
Shrestha 15-Dharan Nepal. The reports consist of the design procedures adopted, the
assumptions made, the inputs made in the design and the design output. During the
design, it is assumed that the client will completely follow the architectural as well as the
structural design. It is also assumed that the construction will be supervised by
professional engineer.
The designer will not be responsible if any alterations to the structural system is made by
the client or the contractor without the prior written permission from the designer, or the
alterations to non-structural system is made such that the weight of each individual floor
or the weight of the whole building is altered by more than 10% of design weight of each
floor and the total weight.
The design calculations and derivations are limited to only a minimum to let the
concerned people know the methodology adopted. However, the calculations may be
provided to the client or concerned authorities when needed, upon request. Hence the
building is safe.
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.N. Title Page

No.
1 Introduction 3
2 Salient features 3
3 Design Approach and Methodology 6
4 Preliminary Design 8
5 Final Analysis 9
6 Design Methodology 11
7 Analysis Output 13
8 Design of Members 20
2
1.0 Background
This report summarizes structural analysis and design of the Residential building for
Dharan Sub-Metro politician City. The analysis and design has been based on the
prevailing codes that are in practice in Nepal, the National Building Code of Nepal and
the IS codes at places.
2.0 Salient Features

2.1 Project Information:
Owner : Mr. Bhakta Bahadur Shrestha
Building Type : Residential Building
Location : Dharan-15
Plot no. :
Land Area :
Plinth Area :
2.2 Building Features:

Type of Structure: RCC Framed Structure
Storey: 3-Storey + Staircase Cover
Storey Height: 3.048m
Total Height: 12.192 m
2.3 Site Condition:

Soil Type: III (for seismic consideration as per NBC 105)
Seismic Zone Factor: 1.0
Safe Bearing Capacity: 150 KN/m2 (assumed)
3
2.4 Material Specification:

Considering Architectural, Economic and strength demands reinforced cement concrete
(RCC) is used as the major structural material. The selected material also confirms the
availability and ease in construction. The concrete grade used is M20 as per Indian
Standard Specification. This material provides minimum grade of structural concrete and
favorable for easy production and quality control as well.
Fe 500 is provided as longitudinal and shear reinforcing in Beams, Columns, foundations,
and slabs wherever RCC is used.
Considerations of material for loading and strength parameter are as detailed below:
Structural Components:
Concrete:
Grade: M20
Characteristic Compressive Strength: 20 N/mm2
Unit Weight: 25.0 KN/m3
Youngs Modulus of Elasticity (E): = 5000 fck N/mm2
22360680 KN/m2 (for M20)
Steel Reinforcement:
Grade: Fe 500 (for both longitudinal and shear reinforcement)
Non-Structural Components:
Brick wall:
Strength: Not Available
Finishing:
Plaster:
Flooring: Screed + Punning
Unit Weight per meter: 1.2 KN/m2
4
2.5 Loading Details

Number of Storey 1 Storey + Semi Basement + Staircase Cover
Loading in General Structural Self Weight
(Gravity loads) Live Load for residential services
Dead load of finishing materials for floor
Panel walls 250mm & 125mm thick brick walls without openings
125mm thick brick walls with 30% openings
Partition walls 125mm thick (half brick) walls with 30 & 20% openings
Parapet walls 125 mm thick (half brick) wall height 0.8m
Live Load As per IS 875 Part II
Lateral Loading As per NBC 105:1994
The loads distributed over the area are imposed on area element and that distributed
over length are imposed on line element whenever possible.
Where such facility is not feasible, equivalent conversion to different loading
distribution is carried to load the Model near the real case as far as possible.
For lateral load, necessary calculations were performed and checked using NBC 105:
1994 for response spectrum method.
Different load combinations based on Nepal National Codes are developed and used
for design purposes.
Load Combinations:
The load combinations are based on NBC 105: 1994
Static Load Combination:
1.5 DL + 1.5 LL
Seismic Load Combinations:
1.25 EQ
1.0 DL + 1.3 LL
0.9 DL 1.25 EQ
For seismic loading, mass equivalent to the load that composed of 100% of Dead load and
25% of Live load is taken into consideration.
The Earthquake lateral loads were used in the combination from the Self-Generated Load
on the Seismic coefficient Method.
Modal analysis is carried out using FEM Based three dimensional analyses.
5
3.0 Design Approach and Methodology:

3.1 Introduction
The structure is analyzed for full Finite Element. Beams and columns modeled as frame
(line) elements with five and three internal stations. All floor slabs are modeled as Shell
(Area) elements with sufficient and appropriate meshing. Modulus of elasticity and
Poissons ratio for used material i.e. M20 grade concrete (as per Indian Specification) are
taken accordingly and section properties used are based on Preliminary section sizing
with consideration for deflection, minimum size specified and serviceability.
Computation for stiffness as a whole is carried out using FEM based latest software.
Full Modal Analysis is carried out up to twelve modes confirming more than 95 %
seismic mass participation and it is applied for lateral seismic force distribution that
generated with NBC 105 based Spectral Function for Soil Type-III.
For Section Design and Check, suitable Load combinations as suggested in
NBC105:1994 and if not covered in that, IS 1893- 2002 is referred with consideration of
Envelopes of internal Forces developed.
Foundation design is carried out to satisfy strength and stability requirements.
3.2 Software used: (Introduction to Analysis software)
The analysis for the structural system was carried out using ETABS 2016 ver 16.0.0
is a product of computers and structures Inc, Berkeley. It is a FEM based software
having facility of RC Design based on IS-456:2000
3.3 Structural Performance:
Structural response under limit state of serviceability is thoroughly checked. The force
and stiffness relationship resulting the deflection under various load cases and combined
action of forces are duly evaluated. Basically short-term elastic deflection due to vertical
loads and lateral deflection due to seismic forces are of major importance along with the
long-term deflection of beam elements under sustained loading condition due to
shrinkage and creep are also taken into account.
3.4 Deformation under Vertical Loads:
6
Maximum vertical deflection in all components that resulted under vertical load of
combined effect of self, imposed dead and live load are checked for every element and
maintained to be within permissible limit. Short-term elastic deflection and long-term
deflection due to shrinkage and creep due to sustained loads also are maintained within
permissible limits for all the elements.
3.5 Deformation under Lateral Loads:
Effect of lateral load due to seismic force is analyzed using self-generated seismic load
compatible with Codal provision. The distribution of lateral force at different parts of the
structure is done based on the response under unit force. Using Complete Quadratic
Combination (CQC) method of modal combination combines the deformations, and
related forces reported.
3.6 Recommendations:
The following recommendations are made:
Materials used shall confirm minimum standard specified before use. Primarily the
cement, aggregate, sand and steel shall be used that confirms to NS or IS standard.
Batching, mixing, placing and curing of concrete and steel fabrication and placing
shall be done as per standard practice.
Construction safety shall be well planned and implemented.
7
4.0 Preliminary Design

The Preliminary Design was done using the prevailing thumb rules and span
consideration.
Slab: The slab is designed based on IS456:2000. The slab is designed to meet the
deflection criteria for the slab.
Beam: The beam is designed based on IS456:2000. The slab is preliminarily designed to
meet the deflection criteria as well as the moment requirements for the span.
Column: The column is preliminarily designed to meet the stiffness criteria for the
building.
Staircase: The staircase is designed to satisfy the moment requirement as well as the
deflection criteria.
The sizes of the structural components are as given below:

Sizes of Structural Components:
Slab: 5 thick RCC (M20) Slab
Beam: Rectangular Beams size- 10 X 15 (BXD)
Column: Square, size- 12X 12 (HXB)
Staircase: Waist Slab 5 thick
8
5.0 Final Analysis

5.1 Load Calculations:
Refer Table: Load Intensity of Building Components
Live Load: 2.0 KN/m2 (for all rooms)
Live Load: 3 KN/m2 (for staircases and lobbies)
Roof Live Load: 1.5 KN/m2 (for roof accessible), 0.75 KN/m2 (for roof inaccessible)
5.2 Seismic Lump Load:

Seismic weight: Comprises Dead Load+ 25% of Live Load (as per IS Code for live load
intensity 3 KN/m2)
Seismic wt. at ith floor level (WI) = (Total dead load of all components i.e. Beam, Slab,
Columns And Walls for height above and height below the floor level + 25% of live
load)
n
Total Weight of the frame, W= Wi Where, n = total number of storey
I=1
Seismic Wt. of Building W = 2311.94 KN
Base Shear Calculation:

As Per NBC 105:
Total Horizontal Base Shear V= Cd W
Where, Cd = CZIK
Where,
Basic Shear Factor (C) = According to time period of vibration and Soil type
Seismic Zoning Factor (Z) = For Dharan
Importance Factor (I) = According to the type of building
Performance Factor (K) = for the moment resisting frame
Distribution of design seismic force:

Fi = Design Seismic Force at floor Level I
Wi = seismic wt. at ith floor level
hi = height of floor i measured from base
According to NBC 105:1994
Height of building (h) = 12.192 m
9
Soil type = III

Time period (T) = 0.06 H0.75
= 0.39 Sec
C = 0.08 (from Fig 8.1 of NBC105:1994)
Z = 1.00 (for Dharan, Fig 8.2 of NBC105:1994)
I = 1.0 (for Residential Bldg., Table 8.1 of NBC105:1994)
K = 1.00 (for Ductile Moment resisting Frame, Table 8.2 of
NBC105:1994)
Cd = CZIK
= 0.08
Total Horizontal Base shear Vx = Vy = 0.08*2311.94
Total Horizontal Base shear Vx = Vy = 184.955 KN
5.3 Load Cases:

Dead : Self Weight of the building structural components (Beams, columns and slabs)
Finish : Weight of the finishing of the slabs as well as staircases (including steps).
Wall : Wall loads (inclusive of plaster)
Live : Live load in the building area elements.
Rlive : Live load in the terraces both accessible and inaccessible (not including in
seismic behaviour)
EQX : Spectral Seismic Load in X Direction
EQY : Spectral Seismic Load in Y Direction
5.4 Load Combination:

DL = 1.5Dead + 1.5Finish + 1.5 Wall + 1.5 Rlive + 1.5Live
DQX = 0.9 Dead + 0.9 Wall + 0.9 Finish 1.25 EQX
DQY = 0.9 Dead + 0.9 Wall + 0.9 Finish 1.25 EQY
DLEQX = 1.0 Dead + 1.0Wall + 1.0 Finish + 1.3 Live 1.25 EQX
DLEQY= 1.0 Dead + 1.0 Wall + 1.0 Finish + 1.3 Live 1.25 EQY
10
6.0 Design of Structural Members

6.1 Design Assumptions:
Foundation
The Safe Bearing Capacity (SBC) of the soil is taken to be 150 KN/m2. The depth of the
foundation is taken as 1.67 m. It is assumed that the soil below is converted to a firm
base by sufficient compaction through any convenient means or as directed by the site
engineer.
Beam:
The beams are assumed to be rectangular. The preliminary design of the beam is carried
out considering the deflection criteria as well as the loading condition.
Slab:
The longest span slab is designed and for uniformity in construction, all the slabs are
detailed according to the designed slab. The slab is designed based on IS 456:2000, for
adjacent edge discontinuous. However during detailing, the torsion in the free edges is
considered.
6.2 Design Methodology:

The design of beams and columns that are the structural components in the building are
carried out using the results and analysis for critical responses and also checking with
manual calculations is carried out. The design of the foundation is carried out based on
the base reactions as obtained from the software with necessary adjustments. The design
of slabs and staircases are carried out based on the prevailing design practices, following
the codal provisions.
6.2 Calculation of Wall Loads.

The calculations of the loads are given in the following tables:
Load Intensity of Wall

10Thickness of wall
Full wall intensity
=15.0 KN/M
11
20% opening Wall intensity

=12.0KN/M
=10.5KN/M
5Thickness of wall
Full wall intensity
=7.50 KN/M
=6.0 KN/M
=5.2 KN/M
Parapet 5wall
Parapet wall
=2.2KN/M
12
7.0 ANALYSIS OUTPUT

Result from Structural models and analysis
3D Model of the Building
13
JOINT REACTIONS
14
Design Plan (Basement)
15
Design Plan (Ground Floor)
16
Shear Force Diagram (Sample only)
17
Axial Force Diagram (Sample only)
18
Bending Moment Diagram (Sample only)
19
8.0 Design of Members

Design of Beams and Columns
The design of beams and columns are done from the software itself. However, it is to be
notified that the limitations of the design by the software have been evaluated and the
adjustments have been made accordingly. The samples (summary) of the design through
the software based on IS456: 2000 has been presented hereunder.
Output for the Reinforcement Area (Beams and Columns)
Grid -1
20
Grid 2
21
Grid 3
22
Grid 4
23
Grid A
24
Grid B
25
Column Reinforcement
Node No. Column Type Ground Floor First Floor Second Floor Stair Cover Stirrups
8mm @4"
38,40 C-1 (12"X12") 8-16 4-16+4-12 4-16+4-12 _ c/c near joint & 6"
c/c at mid
8mm @4"
29,30,31,
C-2 (12"X12") 4-20+4-16 8-16 4-16+4-12 8-12 c/c near joint & 6"
34,36
c/c at mid
8mm @4"
32 C-3 (12"X12") 8-20 4-20+4-16 8-16 4-16+4-12 c/c near joint & 6"
c/c at mid
Beam Reinforcement
Grid No. Beam Type Floor Top Reinforcement Bottom Reinforcement Stirrups
GF 2-16 (T) +2-16 (E) 3-16 (T)
8mm @4"
1st 2-16 (T) +1-16 (E) 3-16 (T)
X-dir B-1 (10"X15") c/c near joint
2nd 2-16 (T) +1-12 (E) 2-16 +1-12 (T)
& 6" c/c at mid
Top 3-12 (T) 3-12 (T)
GF 2-16 (T) +1-16 (E) 2-16 +1-12 (T)
8mm @4"
1st 2-16 (T) +1-12 (E) 2-16 +1-12 (T)
Y-dir B-2 (10"X15") c/c near joint
2nd 3-12 (T) 3-12 (T)
& 6" c/c at mid
3rd 3-12 (T) 2-16 +1-12 (T)
Combined Footing Reinforcement Details

Reinforcement in x-direction Concrete Footing depth
Footing Edge
Node No. Size & y- Footing from Ground
Type Depth
direction Depth level
31,32 CF2 6'0"X12'0" 12mm @ 150mm c/c 16" 8" 5'-6"

34,36 CF1 6'0"X12'0" 12mm @ 150mm c/c 16" 8" 5'-6"
Isolated Footing Reinforcement Details

Footing Reinforcement in x-direction & y- Concrete Footing Edge Footing depth
Node No. Size
Type direction Depth Depth from Ground level
30,40 F-1 5'6"X5'6" 12mm @ 150mm c/c 16" 8" 5'-6"
Strap Footing Reinforcement Details

Footing
Reinforcement in x- Concrete depth
Footing Edge
Node No. Size direction & y- Footing from
Type Depth
direction Depth Ground
level
31,34 F-1 5'6"X5'6" 12mm @ 150mm c/c 16" 8" 5'-6"
Strap Beam Reinforcement Details

Type Size Top reinforcement Bottom Reinforcement Stirrups
SB-1 12"X18" 4-16mm Th. 3-16mm Th. 2-L-8mm @4" c/c th.
26
ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design
Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
Story1 B10 10 Beam 10X15 DCon7 3200.4 3352.8 1
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)
254 381 254 0 25 25
Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 500
Design Code Parameters

C S
1.5 1.15
Factored Forces and Moments

Factored Factored Factored Factored
Mu3 Tu Vu2 Pu
kN-m kN-m kN kN
-99.1431 5.885E-06 94.1851 0.3002
Design Moments, Mu3 & Mt

Factored Factored Positive Negative
Moment Mt Moment Moment
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-99.1431 8.654E-06 0 -99.1431
Design Moment and Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, Mu3 & Tu

Design Design -Moment +Moment Minimum Required
-Moment +Moment Rebar Rebar Rebar Rebar
kN-m kN-m mm mm mm mm
Top (+2 Axis) -99.1431 744 0 744 208
Bottom (-2 Axis) 0 372 0 0 372
Shear Force and Reinforcement for Shear, Vu2 & Tu

Shear Ve Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN kN kN kN mm/m
27
Shear Ve Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s

kN kN kN kN mm/m
123.3232 52.2367 71.0865 85.0373 553.33
Torsion Force and Torsion Reinforcement for Torsion, Tu & VU2

Tu Vu Core b1 Core d1 Rebar Asvt /s
kN-m kN mm mm mm/m
6.235E-06 86.4033 224 351 0
ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Column Section Design
Column Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
Story1 C4 50 Col 12X12 DCon7 0 3048 0.651
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
304.8 304.8 56 30
Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 500
Design Code Parameters

C S
1.5 1.15
Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3

Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3 Rebar Area Rebar %
kN kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m mm %
712.789 -14.2558 73.8201 14.2558 14.2558 2175 2.34
Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

K Factor Length Initial Moment Additional Moment Minimum Moment
Unitless mm kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major Bend(M3) 0.714001 2667 29.528 0 14.2558
Minor Bend(M2) 0.665395 2667 -2.1788 0 14.2558
28
Shear Design for Vu2 , Vu3

Shear Vu Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN kN kN kN mm/m
Major, Vu2 56.7692 80.3933 30.3333 56.7692 337.85
Minor, Vu3 48.336 80.3933 30.3333 48.336 337.85
Joint Shear Check/Design

Joint Shear Shear Shear Shear Joint Shear
Force VTop Vu,Tot Vc Area Ratio
kN kN kN kN cm Unitless
Major Shear, Vu2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Minor Shear, Vu3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
(1.1) Beam/Column Capacity Ratio

Major Ratio Minor Ratio
N/A N/A
Additional Moment Reduction Factor k (IS 39.7.1.1)

Ag Asc Puz Pb Pu k
cm cm kN kN kN Unitless
929 21.7 1651.588 314.4795 712.789 0.702111
Additional Moment (IS 39.7.1)

Consider Length Section KL/Depth KL/Depth KL/Depth Ma
Ma Factor Depth (mm) Ratio Limit Exceeded Moment (kN-m)
Major Bending (M3 ) Yes 0.875 304.8 6.248 12 No 0
Minor Bending (M2 ) Yes 0.875 304.8 5.822 12 No 0
Notes:
N/A: Not Applicable
N/C: Not Calculated
N/N: Not Needed
29
DESIGN OF FLOOR SLAB

Design Data
Dimensions of the slab (c/c distance b/w supports), fck = 20 N/mm 2
Length of short span, Lx = 3.35 m fy = 500 N/mm 2
Length of long span, Ly = 3.96 m
Width of the supporting beam, = 230 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement = 20 mm
Assume dia. of reinforcement steel = 8 mm
Calculations
Assume the thickness of slab as 125 mm ; Effective depth, d = 101 mm
Effective span, lx = 3.35 m (or) 3.221 m whichever is less; d = 3.221 m
ly = 3.96 m (or) 3.831 m whichever is less; d = 3.831 m
(ly / lx ) = 1.19 < 2 ; Here, (ly / lx ) is less than 2, Hence design the slab as two way slab
Load Calculations
Dead Load of slab = 0.125 x 25 = 3.13 KN/m 2 Dust Load on slab = 0 KN/m 2
Finishes load on slab = 1.20 KN/m 2 Other load on slab = 0 KN/m 2
Live Load on slab = 3.0 KN/m 2
Total Dead load acting on the Structure = 4.33 KN/m 2
Total live load acting on the Structure = 3.0 KN/m 2
2
Factored Design Load w = 11.00 KN/m
Support Condition (Type of panel according to support condition)

Two Adjacent Edges Discontinuous For this support condition,
Short span coefficient for (ly / lx ) = 1.19, Long span coefficient,
For negative moment, ax = 0.0593 For negative moment, ay = 0.047
For positive moment, ax = 0.0445 For positive moment, ay = 0.035
Moment Calculation
Max. BM per unit width, Mx = ax w l x 2 & My = ay w l x 2
Mu Mu / bd2 pt Ast, req Ast , min = (0.12/100) bD = 150 mm 2

2 2
KNm N/mm % mm
For Short Span,
Reinforcement details
At mid span, 5.08 0.50 0.1428 144
At supports, 6.77 0.66 0.1904 192 Provide Y 8 @ 150 mm c/c at midspan &
For Long span, supports for short span (Ast pro. =335 mm 2 )
At mid span, 3.99 0.46 0.131 132 Provide Y 8 @ 150 mm c/c at midspan &
At supports, 5.36 0.62 0.1784 180 supports for long span (Ast pro. = 335 mm 2 )
Check for Deflection

Percentage of tension reinforcement = 0.33 %
fs = 0.58 fy (Ast req / Ast pro) = 125
Refer Fig. 4 of IS 456,
Modification factor = 2
Allowable (Span / deff ) ratio = 52
Effective depth required = 62 mm
< d prov.
Hence OK
30
Design of Combined foundation

Pleft(X)(unfactored) 361.33 KN Area req 6.23 CG/from Left of Force
Pright(Y)(Unfactored) 488.00 KN Width prov 1.83 m
Soil bearing 150 KN/mm2 Total Length 3.40 Check Value
Cent Col Size 0.3 m provided length 3.5 m
Cornor Col Size 0.3 m Left Projection 0.00 0.15
Dist betw. Col. Center to center 3.35 m Right Projection 0.75 0.15
1.92
Max P 732
2
Net upward soil pressure = 198.91 KN/m 4.4
Net upward soil pressure along
length = 364.00 KN/m
maxim projection
B.M under colm X= 4.10 KN-m 0.15
B.M under colm Y= 4.10 KN-m
dis 1.49 from left
dis 2.01 from right
Maximum hooging Moments -322.22 KN-m from left
Maximum hooging Moments -626.22 KN-m from right
max moments 4.10 KN-m
d calculated from moments = 28.47 mm
Check for two way shear ok

D= 550 Ast mim.= 1084.824
2
d= 494 mm mm
19.06 19.06
2
2.76543E-05 Ast -1 Ast 19.06 =0
2 2
Ast at bottom 19.07 mm 1084.82 mm
12 dia spacing = 190.62 provide spacing = 125 mm
-1806.60 -3511.03
2
2.76543E-05 Ast -1 Ast 1806.60
2 2
Ast At top Ast. 1907.18 mm 1907.18 mm
12 dia spacing = 108.43 mm provide spacing = 125 mm
Grade of concrete M 20
Check for one way shear
at d distance (Vu)= -179.82
Nominal shear stress(Tv)= -0.20
% of tension steel p = 12 dia 0.18
shear strength of M20 concrete for above % steel = 0.32 Ok for 12 dia.
Check for two way shear

concreate capacity = 1754132.72 N
From load = 606601.80 N

check ok
lateral distance 0.765

Transverse reinforcement
W= 400 KN/m Ast min = 763.5264
B.M = 117.05 KN-M mm2
transverse reinforcement dis.(b)= 1288 mm 544.67

2
3.92914E-05 Ast -1 Ast 544.67
2 2
Ast. Required 556.86 mm 763.53 mm
12 dia spacing = 190.62 mm provide spacing= 125.00 mm

for 12 dia.
31
Design of Strap Footing
Project info:
Strap Footing
Data: Status of designe:
Exterior column load [KN].unfactored = 212 TRUE
Interior column load [KN].unfactored = 254.667 .
Load factor = 1
Distance between column center lines[m] = 3.35
Depth of foundation Df [m] = 1.5
Allowable bearing capacity of soil [KN/sq.m] = 150
Width of ext. col. In strap beam direction [m] = 0.3
Width of ext. col. In direct perpendicular strap beam [m] = 0.3
Width of int. col. In strap beam direction [m] = 0.3
Width of int. col. In direct perpendicular strap beam [m] = 0.3
Breadth of strap beam [m] = 0.3
Eccentricity of exterior load from footing [m] = 0.688
R.C designation : Fcu [N/sq.mm] = 20
reinf. Strength : Fy [N/sq.mm] = 500
density of soil [KN/cu.m] 19
Calculation:
reaction of ext.footing R1 266.79 [KN]
geo. reaction of ext.footing R1T 329.37 [KN]
Req. ext. footing 2.20 [sq.m] Dim. sq 1.48183
reaction of int.footing R2 199.87 [KN]

geo. reaction of int.footing R2T 246.76 [KN]
Req. int. footing 1.65 [sq.m] Dim. sq 1.2826
Use dimensions for ext.footing L= 1.676 [m] Area prov.d 2.81 128%
B= 1.676 [m] in strap direction
Use dimensions for int.footing L= 1.676 [m] Area prov.d 2.81 171%
B= 1.676 [m] in strap direction
check dim TRUE
Design of strap beam:
Breadth of strap beam [m] 0.3
depth of strap beam from shear d 306.05 [mm]
Use depth d 450 [mm] TRUE
total depth H 500 [mm]
fcu = 20 N/smm fy = 500 N/smm
Width = 300 mm Max. B.M. Mu = 109 kNm

Depth = 450 mm Max. S.F. Vu = 164 kN
Mu = 42 kNm
2 2 2
K = M/bd fcu = 0.12 N/mm A's required 0.00 mm
2
Z = 328.31 mm As required 765.82 Top mm As prvd. 104%
2 2
As bottom = 600.00 mm As provided 800 Top mm TRUE
2
Design shear v= 1.40 N/mm Diameter of stirrups 8 mm No. legs 2
2
Design concrete shear vc = 0.56 N/mm Spacing of stirrups reqd. 346 mm
check shear at col face TRUE
32
Design of exterior footing:

Net presure under ext. footing 147.48 [KN/sq.m] TRUE
fcu 20 N/smm fy 500 N/smm
Ult. column load [KN]

266.79 Safe bearing capacity 150 [KN/sq.m]
Self weight [KN]
49.16 Overburden height 1.0 m A prvd.
Overburden [KN]
98.31 Area of footing reqd. 1.90 m2 TRUE
Total load [KN]
414.26 Area of footing provided 2.81 m2 L reqd.
Net upward pressure ult. [KN/sq.m] Footing thickness
147.48 500 [mm] 1.14
Short span Long span B/W
Width B= 1.68 m Length L= 1.68 m 1.00
Column width 300.00 mm Column breadth 300 mm
Max. cantilever proj. 1.38 m Max. cantilever proj. 0.69 m As min
Max. B.M. /m width 139.62 kNm Max. B.M. /m width 35 kNm 577
K = M/bd2fcu 0.037 N/mm 2 K = M/bd2fcu 0.009 N/mm 2

No. of bars
Z 410.40 mm Z 422 mm 13
As required /m width 782.06 [mm] As required /m width 190 [sq.mm] 13
Diameter of bars 12 [mm] Diameter of bars 12 [mm]
Spacing of bars 125 [mm] Number of bars/side 125 [mm] As prvd. TRUE
As provided/m width 905 [sq.mm] As provided/m width 905 [sq.mm] 116%
476%
Punch shear 0.00 [KN] Dist. to critical section 688 [mm]
Punch shear stress 0.00 [N/sq.mm] Shear force 101 [KN]
Allow.shear stress 0.37 [N/sq.mm] Shear stress 0.23 [N/sq.mm] TRUE
Design of interior footing:
Net presure under int. footing 123.66 [KN/sq.m] TRUE
fcu 20 N/smm fy 500 N/smm
Ult. column load 199.87478 [KN] Safe bearing capacity 150 [KN/sq.m]
Self weight 44 [KN] Overburden height 1.1 m A prvd.
2
Overburden 103 [KN] Area of footing reqd. 1.60 m TRUE
2
Total load 347 [KN] Area of footing provided 2.81 m L reqd.
Net upward pressure ult. 124 [KN/sq.m] Footing thickness 450 [mm] 0.95
Short span Long span B/W
Width B= 1.68 m Length L= 1.68 m 1.00
Column width 300 mm Column breadth 300 mm
Max. cantilever proj. 0.69 m Max. cantilever proj. 0.69 m As min
Max. B.M. /m width 29 kNm Max. B.M. /m width 29 kNm 512
2 2 2 2
K = M/bd fcu 0.010 N/mm K = M/bd fcu 0.009 N/mmNo. of bars
Z 363 mm Z 374 mm 13
As required /m width 185 [mm] As required /m width 180 [sq.mm] 13
Diameter of bars 12 [mm] Diameter of bars 12 [mm]
Spacing of bars 125 [mm] Number of bars/side 125 [mm] As prvd. TRUE
As provided/m width 905 [sq.mm] As provided/m width 905 [sq.mm] 488%
503%
Punch shear 0 [KN] Dist. to critical section 344 [mm]
Punch shear stress 0.000 [N/sq.mm] Shear force 43 [KN]
Allow.shear stress 0.39 [N/sq.mm] Shear stress 0.11 [N/sq.mm] TRUE
33
DESIGN OF DOG LEGGED STAIRCASE

Data
Internal Dimensions
Length = 3.9 m
Width = 1.93 m
Floor Height = 3.05 m
Fck = 20 N/mm2
Fy = 500 N/mm2
Riser = 166.75 mm
Tread = 250 mm
Landing width = 1070 mm
Effective Span = 3.3 m
Height of each flight = 1.525 m
No. of risers in each flight 9.145427 Nos
No. of Tread in each flight 8.145427 Nos
Design
d = 104 mm Required
D = 125 mm
d = 104 mm
Loads
2
DL of waist slab = 3.125 kN/m
DL on horizontal area = 3.76 kN/m2
DL of steps = 2.084375 kN/m2
LL = 3 kN/m2
FF = 1.2 kN/m2
Total load = 10.04 kN/m2
Factored load = 15.1 (of one flight)
BM and SF
Mu = 21 kN-m
Vu = 25 kN
d from BM consideration 86 mm
k = 1.896
pt = 0.498 %
Ast = 518 mm2
Main Reinforcement
Dia = 12 mm
Spacing = 218 mm
Distribution Steel
2
Ast = 125 mm
Dia of bar = 8 mm
Spacing = 400 mm
Development Length
Ld = Ld = ( x s) / (4 x Tbd)
Therefore, Ld = 1088 mm
Provide, Ld = 1090 mm
34
List of design code and Standards

1. NBC-000-114:1994 : All relevant design codes in Nepal
2. IS 456 2000 : Code for practice for plain & Reinforced concrete
3. IS 875 1987 : Code of practice for Design Loads (other than

Earthquake load for building & structures.
4. IS 1893(part-I)-2002 : Code of practice for earthquake resist design of

Structures.
5. IS 13920 1993 : Code of practice for Ductile detailing of

Reinforced
Concrete structures subjected to seismic forces.
6. SP: 16 1980 : Design aids for Reinforced concrete to IS 456 -
1978
7. ETABS 2016 V 16.0.0 : Proprietary program of Research Engineers
35
36

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Structural Analysis & Design Report

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

S.N. Title Page

3 Design Approach and Methodology 6

2.0 Salient Features

2.2 Building Features:

2.3 Site Condition:

2.4 Material Specification:

2.5 Loading Details

3.0 Design Approach and Methodology:

3.3 Structural Performance:

3.4 Deformation under Vertical Loads:

3.5 Deformation under Lateral Loads:

4.0 Preliminary Design

The sizes of the structural components are as given below:

Beam: Rectangular Beams size- 10 X 15 (BXD)

Column: Square, size- 12X 12 (HXB)

Staircase: Waist Slab 5 thick

5.0 Final Analysis

5.2 Seismic Lump Load:

Seismic Wt. of Building W = 2311.94 KN

Base Shear Calculation:

Distribution of design seismic force:

Soil type = III

5.3 Load Cases:

5.4 Load Combination:

6.0 Design of Structural Members

6.2 Design Methodology:

6.2 Calculation of Wall Loads.

Load Intensity of Wall

20% opening Wall intensity

7.0 ANALYSIS OUTPUT

3D Model of the Building

Design Plan (Basement)

Design Plan (Ground Floor)

Shear Force Diagram (Sample only)

Axial Force Diagram (Sample only)

Bending Moment Diagram (Sample only)

8.0 Design of Members

Output for the Reinforcement Area (Beams and Columns)

Combined Footing Reinforcement Details

31,32 CF2 6'0"X12'0" 12mm @ 150mm c/c 16" 8" 5'-6"

Isolated Footing Reinforcement Details

Strap Footing Reinforcement Details

Strap Beam Reinforcement Details

ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Design Code Parameters

Factored Forces and Moments

Design Moments, Mu3 & Mt

Design Moment and Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, Mu3 & Tu

Shear Force and Reinforcement for Shear, Vu2 & Tu

Shear Ve Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s

Torsion Force and Torsion Reinforcement for Torsion, Tu & VU2

ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

Column Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Design Code Parameters

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

Shear Design for Vu2 , Vu3

Joint Shear Check/Design

(1.1) Beam/Column Capacity Ratio

Additional Moment Reduction Factor k (IS 39.7.1.1)

Additional Moment (IS 39.7.1)