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There are three main types of conditional. These are usually described as the
first, second and third conditionals.
USE
The first conditional refers to the future. It is used when there is a possibility
that the if-event might happen.
If it rains, we'll go to the cinema. (= It might rain: it might not)
If the sun shines, we'll go to the beach. [ = The sun might shine: it might not)
Note: going to is sometimes used in the first conditional to describe a future plan:
If it rains, we're going to visit my mother.
Practice
Write these sentences, putting the verbs in brackets into the present simple or
the future simple.
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Verbs
80
verbs
USE
The second conditional refers to the present or future.
The if-event is cither
a] hypothetical;
If I worked in that factory, I'd soon change things, (but I don't work in
that factory)
If I spoke French, my job would be a lot easier, (but I don't speak French)
b) unlikely:
If she left her husband, she might be happier, (but T don't think she's
going to leave her husband)
Practice
Write these sentences, putting the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
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Verbs
11 Your parents (be) a lot happier if you phoned them more often.
14 Would you mind if I (not give) you the money I owe you today?
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Verbs
Check
Circle the correct answer to the questions below.
1 'If Mary found out what was happening, she'd be very angry.'
Is Mary going to find out what's happening?
A Maybe (B)Probably not
2 'If Mary finds out what's happening, she'll be very angry.'
Is Mary going to find out what's happening?
A Maybe E Probably not
3 'If they sacked him, the factory would go on strike.'
Are they going to sack him?
A Maybe B Probably not
4 'If they sack him, the factory will go on strike.'
Are they going to sack him?
A Maybe B Probably not
5 'What would you do if someone told us to leave?
Is someone going to tell us to leave?
A Maybe B Probably not
6 'What will you do if someone tells us to leave?'
Is someone going to tell us to leave?
A Maybe B Probably not
7 'If they don't agree with me, I'll go to the director.'
Are they going to agree with me?
A Maybe B Probably not
8 'If they didn't agree with me, I'd go to the director.'
Do they usually agree with me?
A Maybe B Yes C No
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Verbs
61 Zero conditional
There is another conditional which is often called zero conditional.
FORM
USE
If has the same meaning as when here.
The zero conditional is used:
a) for instructions:
If you select reverse gear, the car goes backwards.
If the camera is on, a red light appears.
b) for general truths:
if he's got no money, he doesn't go oat.
lie always says hello if he sees you.
Practice
3 If you put your money in a savings account, you (get) ten per cent interest.
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Verbs
4 If the microphone isn't working, you (can not) hear what he's saying.
6 If there (be} only a few students, we usually close one of the classes.
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