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Aim: To study the construction and working of 4- stroke petrol / diesel engine.
Theory: A machine or device which derives heat from the combustion of fuel and converts
part of this energy into mechanical work is called a heat engine. Heat engines are broadly
classified into internal combustion engines [I.C. engines] and external combustion engines.
Petrol and diesel engines fall under the category of internal combustion engines as
these are reciprocating heat engines in which fuel mixed with correct amount of air is burnt
inside a cylinder. The gaseous products of combustion form the working substance which
make the piston move and produce mechanical work at the engine crankshaft. In contrast, the
combustion of fuel in external combustion engines (ex. Steam engines) is external.
10. Maintenance cost Frequent but costs less Rare but costlier