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  • BUZAN, B. From International To World Society

    Încărcat de

    Gabriel Azevedo
    7 vizualizări20 pagini
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    BUZAN, B. From International to World Society

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    7 vizualizări20 pagini

    BUZAN, B. From International To World Society

    Încărcat de

    Gabriel Azevedo
    Cap 2

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PDF sau citiți online pe Scribd
    Indicator pentru conținut neadecvat
    din 20
    From International to World Society? English School Theory and the Social Stricture of Globalisation Barry Buzan CAMBRIDGE Contents it of fires ad eles Pojce Ls aresaons leary Invoduction English school theory and its problems an overview [English school theory-a summary ‘Wert society, and the probiems and potentials of [English school theory ‘The main areas of weakness in English school theory Is English school theery really theory? ‘World society in Engish sehool theory ‘The intellectual history of worl society within English school thinking ‘Thepluralist-solidarist debate Conclusions Concepts of world seciety outside English school thinking IRwriters with a sociological ten: Burton, Lused and shaw Socialogical conceptiens of world society Global evil society Conclusions Reimagining the English schoo’ triad Stale and non-state 0 contents Physial/ mechanical and socal conceps of system Society and community Individual and transnational Conclusions: reconstructing the English schools triad 5. Reconstructing the pluralist-slidarit debate What type of values if shared, count assolidaris? Does it make any diference to solidarism howrand why any given values areshared? ‘What does ‘thickness’ mean in terms oftype and numberof values shared, and type and umber of people and/or statessharing them? Conclusions 6 The primary institutions of international society Defnitional problems The concept of primary insittions in English school iteratore Hierarchy and funetonalsm within primary institutions ‘The range of institutions and the types of international society Conclusions 7. Bringing geography backin Exclusive globalism snot necessary Unwearcanted pessimism ‘Understanding the interplay among the interhaman, transnational and interstate domains Conclusions: a vanguard theory of international social strsctores 8 Conclusions: a portnit of contemporary interstate society ‘A snapshot of contemporary interstate society ‘Looking back; what changed, what dida’t and why? Driving frees, deeply rooted strictures and ‘contradictions (Conclusion: where t from here? List of references Inder 98 tos uns ps 19 rr 154 2 World society in English school theory As Litle (2000: 411) notes, werld society is ‘the most problomatic ien- ture’ ofthe Fnglish school framevwank. Yet thst world soelety serial to English school theory cannot be in doubt. If English school theory isto work ssa vehicle for a methodologically pluralist approach toTR, then each of its ree pillars must have the same clarity and the seme standing asthe others Yet wht world society mesa in relation to s0- ‘darism is lar from clear, witha consequent biuring of the boundory ‘beeen in-ernational and world society Tn gure 1, the conjunction of international system and realism/ Hobbes is wholly conventional, and ‘that of international society ard rationalism /Grotius poses no obvious dlfculies notwithstanding that there ae substantial debates going on about how to interpret Hobbes, Machiavell and Grotixs). But the con- junction of world society, revolutionism and Kant rings several laren bells: Revoutionism seems particularly out of line with most of what is currently discussed under the heading of world society and it isnot clear that Kant fits comforially with ether image. Transnationalsm, cosmopolitunism and crusadirg universalist ideologies are implausibly crammed together inthe world society segment To make matters werse, the world society segment lacks a ‘world system’ counterpart: interna tional system and international society compose a clear set, differen tiatng physical systems of interaction from socially constructed ones. ‘Word society is larly aimed at socaly constructed non-state systems but what sts physieal counterpart? Lith (2000: 412-13) thinks tha for ‘Bull transrationalim related to wari society a intemational system {does to international society, but this was never worked cul, and on the face of i docs not loak very plausible more on ths in chapter Bull (19774: 276-61) offers the ides of a world politcal eystns to play the physical counterpoint to world society, secing ths asthe totality of ” Fro ternational o Word Sooety? state plus non-state interactions, Bull never worked up much enthust asm fr this iden ocing the sates-aystem as 0 dominant within it sto ‘make the additional complication hardly worthwhile, Vincent and his followersdid pickup some this idea, but bundled itinto an expanded ‘concept of world socoty (or tery, in the caseof Dunne 2001: 38, an ‘expanded ‘master concep’ ointemationslsocsy) Tt is hard to exenpe "he conclusion tha the concept of word society has served asa residual ‘category for many in the Engish school. Simlarto the way in which the unit level served as « dumping ground for nooralst theory (Keohane and Nye 1987: 746), English zchool writers have used world society a¢ 2 place to deposi al he things they didnot want o talk about ‘A further problem isthe edstence of a disagrooment about the rl tionship betivcen world society end international secedy. The more hie- torleal side of the school repratented by Butterfld, Wight and Watson, think of world society Gn theiormof shared culture) as «prerequisite for Intemational society. As Wigat (1977: 35) puts i¢"We anist assume that 4 siatessystem [ean interzational society] will not come into being without a degree of cultural unity among its members’ Likewise, Bull (1977s: 16 accepts that a common feature of themain historical cases of Intemational societies is thatthoy wereall founded upana common ctl- ‘ure or cvilisaton’! Much atthe historical record from classical Greece to eatly modecn Burope supports ths view suggesting that a common culture isa necessary condition for an intemational society. Asin the ‘expansion of European international society, tee from other cultures ‘may thes join this core (Bull and Watson 1984; Gong 1684, Zhang 1998) rising questions about how the norm, rules and instttions of in- {emational society interact with the domestic Le of poltes rooted in Aliflerent civilisations, and whether international noms are sustainable “under these circumstances. ‘Those more concerned wih the maintenance and development of International societies, rather than their crigins. come from a different angle though the two concems meet on the greund where established cetes expand into areas wil a different culture as has ‘happened in modern times). This second posion is quite complicated, not lest bocause mast English school thinking zbout word society has taken place around the hotly contest subject athuman rights. Perhaps "he central issue isthe possibilty of an ontological tension between the > Acorn Adan Wan Gein) the undef conn at asthe tte i incre ety deed fom aeons lanl 28 Wor society n Eglsh scot tory

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