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EMPLOYER-EMPLOYEE RELATIONSHIP substantially equivalent and regular

employment.
A. Elements of the Relationship

LaborCode

Art.97.Definitions.AsusedinthisTitle:

(a) Person means an individual, partnership,


association, corporation, business trust, legal
representatives, or any organized group of
persons.
(b) Employerincludesanypersonactingdirectly
orindirectlyintheinterestofanemployerin
relationtoanemployeeandshallincludethe
governmentandallitsbranches,subdivisions,
and instrumentalities, all governmentowned
orcontrolledcorporations,andinstitutions,as
well as nonprofit private institutions, or
organizations.
(c) Employee includes any individual employed
byanemployer.

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(e) Employincludestosufferorpermittowork

Art. 173. Definition of Terms. As used in this Title,


unlessthecontextindicatesotherwise:

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(f) Employer means any person, natural or


juridical, employing the services of the
employee.
(g) Employee means any person compulsorily
covered by the GSIS under C.A. No. 186, as
amended,includingthemembersoftheAFP,
and any person employed as casual,
emergency, temporary, substitute or
contractual, or any person compulsorily
coveredbytheSSSunderRep.ActNo.1161,as
amended.

Art.219.Definitions.

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(e) Employerincludes anypersonactinginthe


interestofanemployer,directlyorindirectly.
The term shall not include any labor
organization or any of its officers or agents
exceptwhenactingasemployer.
(f) Employeeincludesanypersonintheemploy
ofanemployer.Thetermshallnotbelimited
to the employees of a particular employer,
unless the Code so explicitly states. It shall
includeanyindividualwhoseworkhasceased
asaresultoforinconnectionwithanycurrent
labor dispute or because of any unfair labor
practice if he has not obtained any other
Television and Production Exponents v. Servaa | NLRC
G.R. No. 167648 | January 28, 2008
CA
DOCTRINE:
SC

Dumpit-Murillo v. Court of Appeals | G.R. No.


164652 | June 8, 2007

FACTS: DOCTRINE:

CASEESCALATION: FACTS:

LA

NLRC

CA CASEESCALATION:

SC LA

ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. v. Nazareno | G.R. No. NLRC


164156 | September 26, 2006
CA
DOCTRINE:
SC

Fuji Television v. Espiritu | G.R. No. 204944-45 |


December 3, 2014

FACTS: DOCTRINE:

CASEESCALATION: FACTS:

LA

NLRC

CA CASEESCALATION:

SC LA

Fulache v. ABS-CBN | G.R. No. 183810 | January 21, NLRC


2010
CA
DOCTRINE:
SC

Bernate v. PBA | G.R. No. 192084 | September 14,


2011

FACTS: DOCTRINE:

CASEESCALATION: FACTS:

LA
FACTS:

CASEESCALATION:

LA

NLRC CASEESCALATION:

CA LA

SC NLRC

Abella v. PLDT | G.R. No. 159469 | June 8, 2005 CA

DOCTRINE: SC

Republic of the Philippines v. ASIAPRO | G.R. No.


172101 | November 23, 2007

DOCTRINE:
FACTS:

FACTS:
CASEESCALATION:

LA

NLRC
CASEESCALATION:
CA
LA
SC
NLRC
Consulta v. CA | G.R. No. 145443 | March 18, 2005
CA
DOCTRINE:
SC

Phil. Global Communications v. De Vera | G.R. No.


157214 | June 7, 2005

FACTS: DOCTRINE:

CASEESCALATION: FACTS:

LA

NLRC

CA CASEESCALATION:

SC LA

Villamaria v. CA | G.R. No. 165881 | April 19, 2006 NLRC

DOCTRINE: CA

SC

Coca Cola Bottlers v. Climaco | G.R. No. 146881 |


February 5, 2007
DOCTRINE: CA

SC

Tongko v. Manufacturers Life | G.R. No. 167622 |


June 29, 2010 & January 25, 2011
FACTS:
DOCTRINE:

CASEESCALATION:
FACTS:
LA

NLRC

CA
CASEESCALATION:
SC
LA
Chavez v. NLRC | G.R. No. 146530 | January 17,
2005 NLRC

DOCTRINE: CA

SC

Matling Industrial v. Coros | G.R. No. 157802 |


October 13, 2010
FACTS:
DOCTRINE:

CASEESCALATION:
FACTS:
LA

NLRC

CA
CASEESCALATION:
SC
LA
Angelina Francisco v. NLRC | G.R. No. 170087 |
August 31, 2006 NLRC

DOCTRINE: CA

SC

Cosare v. Broadcom Asia | G.R. No. 201298 |


February 5, 2014
FACTS:
DOCTRINE:

CASEESCALATION:
FACTS:
LA

NLRC
CASEESCALATION:

LA FACTS:

NLRC

CA

SC CASEESCALATION:

Atlanta Industries v. Sebolino | G.R. No. 187320 | LA


January 26, 2011
NLRC
DOCTRINE:
CA

SC

Olympia Housing Inc. v. Lapastora | G.R. No.


FACTS: 187691 | January 13, 2016

DOCTRINE:

CASEESCALATION:

LA FACTS:

NLRC

CA

SC CASEESCALATION:

Intel Technology v. NLRC & Cabiles | G.R. No. LA


200575 | February 5, 2014
NLRC
DOCTRINE:
CA

SC

B. Independent Contractors and Labor-Only


FACTS: Contractors

CASEESCALATION:

LA

NLRC

CA

SC

Royale Homes v. Alcantara | G.R. No. 195910 | July


28, 2014

DOCTRINE:

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