ME 63 FINAL EXAMS

October 16, 2010

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Write your name, section, teachers name, and page numbers on all sheets.
2. Enclose all numerical answers in a box and write ANS beside each one.
3. Do not detach any of your answer sheets.
4. Start each problem on a new answer sheet and number the problems.
5. Use pens with blue or black ink only. No pencils allowed.
6. Anything written at the back of your answer sheets will be disregarded.
7. Failure to comply with the above instructions has a corresponding score deduction

Problem 1
A spring-loaded piston/cylinder contains water at 100 kPa
with v= 0.07237 m3/kg. The water is now heated to a pressure
of 3 MPa by a reversible heat pump extracting Q from a
reservoir at 300 K. It is known that the water will pass through
saturated vapor at 1.5 MPa and that pressure varies linearly
with volume.

1. What is the specific volume in the final state?

a. cannot be determined because the spring
constant is not given
b. 0.13177 m3/kg
c. 0.1954 m3/kg
d. 0.04213 m3/kg
e. 0.23569 m3/kg

2. What is the final temperature?

a. 300 K
b. equal to the saturation temperature at 3 MPa
c. cannot be determined because the spring constant is not given
d. less than 300 K because the final temperature cannot be higher than the
temperature of the reservoir
e. 1000 K
f. 1000oC
g. None of the above

3. Taking the piston/cylinder set up as the control volume, what is the work done on or by the
system
a. equal to the work input to the heat pump
b. w = 0.5 (P3+P2)(v3-v1)
c. w = 0.5 P3(v3-v1)
d. w = P2(v2-v1) + 0.5(P3+P2)(v3-v2)
e. w = vdP
f. w = 0.5 (P3-P2)(v3-v1)

1
4. What is qcv?
a. equal to T(s3-s1) where T is the final temperature
b. equal to (u3-u1) + w where w is the work input to the heat pump
c. equal to w x where w is the work input to the heat pump and is the Carnot
Cycle efficiency
d. equal to q + w where w = 0.5 (P3+P2)(v3-v1)
e. equal to (u3-u1) + w where w = 0.5 P3(v3-v1)
f. equal to T3s3 T2s2 T1s1 since the temperature of water is not constant
g. equal to (u3-u1) + w where w = 0.5 (P3+P2)(v3-v1)

5. What can be said about the change in entropy, s final s initial in the water?
a. positive because qcv is positive
b. negative because there is a decrease in entropy from initial to final state
c. negative because the final state of water is superheated
d. positive because the heat pump is reversible
e. zero because the process is isentropic

Problem 2
A 30 cm diameter empty spherical tank is filled with saturated liquid R-12 from a pipeline at -
10C. The filling process happens very quickly and stops when no more refrigerant can flow into
the tank. What is the
1. final mass in the tank
2. entropy generation for the process

Problem 3
In a Carnot engine with ammonia as the working fluid, the high temperature is 60C and as QH is
received, the ammonia changes from saturated liquid to saturated vapor. The ammonia
pressure at the low temperature is 190 kPa. Let state 1 be the beginning of the heat rejection
process. Copy and fill out the table below:
State 1 State 2 State 3 State 4
v
s
T
P
x

Plot the P-v and T-s diagrams for the cycle. In the T-s diagram, identify QH, QL, and W, solve for
the values as well. Solve for the cycle thermal efficiency of the cycle.

Answer this question in essay form: It is common knowledge that efficiency is most often
represented in percentage form (heat engine efficiency for example) and cannot exceed 100%.
In your opinion, why is it that the efficiency of refrigeration cycles have values greater than 1?

Problem 4
A nozzle receives 0.1 kg/s steam at 1 MPa, 400oC with negligible kinetic energy. The exit is at
500 kPa, 350oC and the flow is adiabatic. Find the nozzle exit velocity and the exit area.