Unit 1

Installing and Configuring a

Network Operating System

Section Title
Unit 1 Part A

Network Operating System, Function & Services

Installation Methods
Benefits of Windows Server
Benefits of well-defined Active Directory objects

Section Title
Network Operating System

A Networking Operating System is an operating

system that contains components and programs that
allow a computer running network operating system
to serve requests from other computer for data, web
sites and provide access to other resources such as
printer and file systems.

Section Title
 Network Operating system Functions
File and print sharing.
Account administration for users.
Security.

General Network Services

File Sharing
Print sharing
User administration
Backing up data

Section Title
Network Categories

1) Server based

2) Peer-to-peer

Section Title
 Available Windows Services

Application Server Print Services

Clustering Services Security Services

File and Storage Services Terminal Services

Identity and Directory services Web and Application Services

Management Services Windows Media Services

Windows SharePoint Services

Section Title
 Windows Installation

Manual installation from a CD-ROM or network share.

Unattended installation using an answer file in conjunction with CD-

ROM or network share.

Using Sysprep and a third-party disk imaging program to make an

image of a windows installation.

Automated installation by booting from the network and installing

from a Windows Deployment (WDS) Server.

Section Title
 Before Installation

Unplug the server from the Internet during Windows setup.

Install Windows to an NTFS partition.

Create a strong local administrator password during setup

Carefully guard any answer files that contains user names and
passwords.

Section Title
Minimum Recommended

1GHz (x86 processor) or 1.4GHz (x64 processor) 2GHz or faster processors

512 MB RAM 2 GB RAM or more

Maximum (32-bit systems): 4GB (Standard) or 64GB

(Enterprise and Datacenter)
Maximum (64-bit systems): 32GB (Standard) or 1TB
(Enterprise, Datacenter)

VGA monitor Super VGA capable of at least 800 x 600 resolution

Keyboard and Mouse Keyboard and Mouse

10 GB free disk space 40 GB or greater

Bootable CD-ROM Bootable CD-ROM or DVD-ROM

One or more network adapters One or more PCI-based Fast Ethernet network adapters with
Pre boot Execution Environment (PXE) support

Section Title
Benefits of Windows

Simplified Branch Office Server Management

Improved Identity and Access Management

Reduced Storage Management cost

Rich Web Platform

Cost Effective Server Virtualization

Interoperability between Heterogenous System

Section Title
Simplified Branch Office Server Management
1. Extends connectivity and reliability to and from the branch
office while controlling the total cost of ownership of branch
IT infrastructure.

2. More Centralized Management

Provides centralized management tools for file and
print functions.

3. Reduced remote Administration

Minimizes local administration and local back up.

4. Better WAN efficiencies

Enables faster data replication over wide area
networks.

Section Title
Improved Identity and Access Management
Greater user efficiency. Fewer user passwords, for both
internal and partner-hosted web applications, through extranet
Single Sign-On and identity federation.

Enhanced IT efficiency. Centralized administration of extranet

application access, fewer password resets, and the ability to
delegate user management to trusted partners.

Better security. Automated "shut off" of extranet access based

on disabling a user's Active Directory account.

Better regulatory compliance. Log user access to partner

applications in external security domains.

Section Title
Improved interoperability with
heterogeneous systems
Cross-platform Web Single Sign-On and identity federation
using Web Services interoperability specifications and tools to
manage and dynamically update user accounts and passwords
across Windows and UNIX systems using Network Information
Service (NIS). Also performs automatic synchronization of
passwords between Windows and UNIX operating systems.

Section Title
Reduced Storage Management Costs

Better storage utilization. Provides storage utilization

information through detailed storage reports.

Better quota management. Monitors and controls disk space

usage with directory quotas.

Better file screening. Limits types of files allowed on servers

with file screening.

Simpler SAN configuration. Easily configures and provisions

storage area networks (SANs).

Section Title
Rich Web Platform

Better performing web platform. Latest 64-bit and .NET

technologies double the Web performance.

A) Windows SharePoint Services delivers a cost-effective

collaboration solution that can be deployed, configured, and
managed quickly.

B) ASP.NET enables fast development of rich, Dynamic

Systems Initiative-ready Web Services and applications using
the .NET Framework.

C) IIS 7.5 delivers a more secure, high-performance Web

server. x64 support enables better performance at lower cost.

Section Title
Cost Effective Server Virtualization / Virtualization

Reducing power consumption and datacenter space

Increasing hardware utilization
Lowering upfront costs, including licensing fees
Simplifying application and desktop lifecycle management
Lowering operational costs for both maintenance and
training
Leveraging your Windows Server skills already in place
Utilizing already purchased Windows Server capabilities

Section Title
Well-Defined Active Directory Benefits

1. Simplified management of Windows networks that contains

a large numbers of objects.

2. A consolidated domain structure and reduced administration

costs.

3. The ability to delegate administrative control over resources

as appropriate.

4. Reduced impact on network bandwidth.

5. Simplified resource sharing.

6. Optimal search performance.

Section Title
7. Low total cost of ownership.
Unit 1 Part B

Network Nodes/Devices
Physical Security of Servers After Installation
Active Directory Services

Section Title
Computer Network Nodes
Ethernet hub
Switch
Router

Different types of hubs

1. Passive (A hub which does not need an external power source,
because it does not regenerate the signal and therefore falls as part of
the cable, with respect to maximum cable lengths)

2. Active (A hub which regenerates the signal and therefore needs an

external power supply)

3. Intelligent (A hub which provides error detection (e.g. excessive

collisions) and also does what an active hub does)

Section Title
Switch

1.A switch is a device that can recognize the destination address.

2.The switch receives a frame from an incoming link, finds the address
and routes the frame to the appropriate outgoing link.

3.A network device that filters, forwards, and floods frames based on
the destination address of each frame.

4.The switch operates at the data link layer of the Open system
Interconnection (OSI) model.

5.Switch is a multi-port Bridge (Bridge with many ports)

Section Title
Router
1. It is a layer 3 device (Operates at network layer of the OSI Model)
A router is used to connect the networks that may or may not be
similar.

2. It takes decision based on the IP Address

3. It contains the broadcast (stops broadcast)

4. It has all the capabilities of the network device (Routers can

regenerate signals, concentrate multiple connections, convert data
transmission formats, and manage data transfers)

5. It is used to connect LAN to the WAN

6. It is used to connect two different LANs separated by great distance

7. It is like a special purpose computer.

Section Title
Difference between Hub and Switch
Hub
1) Hubs operate using a broadcast
model.
2) When four computers are connected
to a hub, for example, and two of
those computers communicate with
each other, hubs simply pass through
all network traffic to each of the four
computers.
3) Hub generates more traffic.
4) Poor performance can be noticed in
the busy network.
5) Less cost.
Switch
1) Switches operate using a virtual circuit
model.
2) Switches, on the other hand, are capable
of determining the destination of each
individual traffic element (such as an
Ethernet frame) and selectively
forwarding data to the one computer that
actually needs it.
3) Switch generates always less traffic.
4) Better performance can be noticed in the
busy network.
5) More cost.
Section Title
After Installing of Server (Physical Security)

Place servers in a locked room.

Use case locks and dont leave the keys in them.

Remove floppy disk (USB) if its not necessary or lock floppy disk.

After windows is installed set up the boot order in the (BIOS) Basic
input Output System.

Set a BIOS password to prevent unauthorized access to the BIOS.

Change the operating system selection timeout period to 0 so that

windows boots automatically.

Section Title
 Active Directory Services
and
Other Network Components

Section Title
Before Active Directory Innovation

A number of small businesses and large global enterprises

still store information in various disconnected systems instead
of centralized, hierarchical system such as Active Directory.

A company might record data about its employees

Home addresses
Phone numbers and
Location within the corporate entity

Section Title
The New Technology (NT)

This model is referred to as a client/server model as well peer-

to-peer model. Active Directory is a technology created by
Microsoft that provides a variety of network services, including:

1. LDAP-is a directory services

2. Kerberos-based authentication

3. DNS-based naming and other network information

Section Title
Components of AD Logical Structure
Objects: like a user, computer, group, printer etc...

Organizational Units - like any folder but in control of Active

Directory

Domains - Logical boundaries for objects

Trees - Logical boundary for multiple domains

Forests - Logical boundary for multiple trees

Section Title
Logical Structure of AD

Domain Tree Domain

Domain
Domain Domain

OU

Domain Domain Objects

OU OU

Domain

Organizational Unit

Section Title
Forest