957 XML Analysis For Sap BW PDF

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
XML for Analysis

Stefan Biedenstein
Development Architect BI, SAP AG
Barbara Neumann
Product Manager BI, SAP AG
Learning Objectives
As a result of this workshop, you will

be able to:
Understand the basics of Extensible Markup Language for
Analysis (XMLA)
Explain the benefits and typical application scenarios for
XMLA in general
Understand the specific features and tools of the SAP
Business Information Warehouse (BW) XMLA provider
Request OLAP metadata from BW with the Discover method
Run multidimensional queries in BW using the Execute
method
Understand the basics of Multidimensional Expression
grammar (MDX)
Create C# proxies from the XMLA Web Services Description
Language (WSDL) file
SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 2
2003 SAP AG BW 253, Neumann/Biedenstein 1

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Learning Objectives continued
What this workshop will not teach:
Details of Web (services) foundation technologies

XML (Extensible Markup Language)
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
SAX (Simple API for XML)
DOM (Document Object Model)
XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language)
Details on how to consume XMLA on a specific platform
.NET
J2EE
Extensive MDX and OLAP domain knowledge
Agenda
Introduction
XMLA defined, history of OLAP standards and XMLA
XMLA Versions, architecture, foundation technologies
BW XMLA provider
Demo sample client
Discover
Discover method, structure of XMLA metadata
Exercises: browsing dimensions, levels, members
Execute
Execute method, multidimensional expressions
Exercises: a simple ranking list
WSDL
XMLA WSDL
Exercise: Generating code with a Service Description:
Generating a C# proxy via WSDL which connects a
.NET application to a BW Web service.

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Introduction: What is XML for Analysis?
XMLA is a SOAP-based interface for exposing OLAP and Data

Mining data sources as Web services. It advances some of the
successful concepts of OLE DB for OLAP to a cross-platform
Web service API.
The XMLA API defines 2 methods:
Discover: Used to obtain metadata and information about a

Web service
Execute: Used to execute (M)ulti(D)imensional
E(X)pressions (MDX) or provider-specific commands
Introduction: Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
Provides a standard packaging SOAP envelope

structure for transporting XML
messages over various low-level SOAP header
protocols such as HTTP or SMTP. SOAP block
..
Defines encoding rules for
mapping application data types
into an XML format as well an
SOAP block
RPC mechanism.
SOAP can be regarded as the
most important cornerstone of SOAP body
interoperability, as it provides an
agreed-upon communication SOAP block
protocol between heterogeneous
clients and servers.
..
SOAP block

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Introduction: XMLA Architecture
Client XML for Analysis

Discover
Execute Provider
Implementation
UI
S H H S
Client O T Internet
Internet
T O
functions
A T Or
OrLAN
LAN T A Discover,
Discover, P P P P Execute
Execute Call Server
Data
Calls
Any client (Windows, Linux, Any server (Solaris, Linux,

Macintosh) at any location Windows) at any location
Introduction: Why XMLA?
There was still the need for a broadly applicable/accepted low-

footprint OLAP API.
Web services are gaining momentum:
Characteristics
XML-based (eliminates networking, OS or platform binding;
interoperability; developers have begun to know XML well)
Loosely-coupled (client is not tied to WS directly; WS can change over
time without compromising clients ability to interact with the service)
Coarse-grained (structure of services is driven by a methodological
rather than technical mindset)
Benefits
Simplifies connectivity and reduces cost by agreeing upon standards.
Enables data integration through XML.
Provides robustness and unification of interface technology.
Reduces the need for customization.
Assembles applications from standardized functional building blocks.
Provides full visibility of the value chain to all participants.
Integrates Intranet and Extranet.

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Introduction: XMLA Versions
Version Date Release Changes
1.0 April 2001 Initial Release of the

Specification
1.1 November 2002 Minor Modifications after

receiving feedback from
actual use
1.2 TBD Leveling???
mdXML???
Introduction: XMLA application scenarios
Beyond E-commerce, there is an even greater need to share information.
Add value to your offering by providing self-service access.
Just-in-Time Inventory Market/Environment data

Consumer provides to a Supplier just-in-time Nielsen and others offer their services in the
inventory data reports exposed as Web yellow pages.
services. Integration and consumption of such data
Metrics represented in the reports alert about becomes much easier without requiring a very
low inventory. close business relationship with such service
The reports are interactive, so you drill into providers.
historic data, comparing today's fluctuation in
stock levels with corresponding days in other
weeks or months.
An electric utility A financial services A brokerage firm

company company supports BI Web services so
exposes its BI platform, so provides BI Web services, so institutional investors can
commercial and industrial auditors and regulators have analyze (in a
customers can better an appropriate level of multidimensional way) the
understand their power visibility into the company's performance of financial
consumption and related dealings. instruments executed
costs. through the brokerage.

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Introduction: BW Open Analysis Interfaces
OLE DB for OLAP OLAP BAPIs XML for Analysis

based on COM as Business Application based on XML as
protocol Programming interface exchange format
driver installation on based on RFC as based on HTTP/SOAP
clients protocol as protocol
Windows platform only access library available any platform
MDX as query language on any SAP platform MDX as query language
available since BW 1.2B MDX as query language available since BW 3.0A
available since BW 2.0A
Introduction: Direct Access to InfoCubes
Definition of BW Query not necessary but recommended
Available Objects:
All basic InfoCubes and MultiProvider as CUBE
All characteristics and key figures as DIMENSION / MEASURE
But no navigational attributes and no restricted or calculated key
figures
SELECT
{ [Measures].[0D_DOCUMENT],
[Measures].[0D_OORVALSC] JAN 2001,USA
} ON COLUMNS,
NON EMPTY
[0D_PLANT].MEMBERS Number of documents Open orders
ON ROWS 224,000 $ 1.439.134,33
FROM [$0D_SD_C03] Frankfurt 38,000 $ 93.539,90
WHERE Manchester 54,000 $ 187.235,32
( [0CALMONTH].[200101], Calgary 39,000 $ 187.772,97
[0D_COUNTRY].[US] ) Chicago 93,000 $ 970.586,14

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Introduction: SE37
SE37 RSBB_URL_PREFIX_GET, Service URL :
Introduction: SICF
SICF Service Maintenance (sap/bw/xml/soap/xmla) :

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Introduction: MDXTEST
MDXTEST - MDX Testeditor :
Demo Sample Client

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Discover: Method Signature
Discover (
[in] RequestType As EnumString,
[in] Restrictions As Restrictions,
[in] Properties As Properties,
[out] Result As Rowset)
RequestType Specifies the structure and content of the Rowset returned

in the Result parameter (DISCOVER_DATASOURCES,
MDSCHEMA_CUBES, MDSCHEMA_DIMENSIONS)
Restrictions Sets restrictions for columns of the Result, in order to filter

the rows returned. Mandatory, but can be empty.
Properties Specifies a collection of XML for Analysis properties

(return format of the Result set, timeout, locale in which the
data should be formatted)
Discover: SOAP Example Discover Request
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:SOAP-ENV=
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/'
SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle=
'http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/'>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<Discover>
<RequestType>MDSCHEMA_CUBES</RequestType>
<Restrictions>
<RestrictionList/>
</Restrictions>
<Properties>
<PropertyList>
<DataSourceInfo>DataSource=local
</DataSourceInfo>
<Format>Tabular</Format>
</PropertyList>
</Properties>
</Discover>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Discover: OLE DB Schema Objects
OLE DB for OLAP SAP BW

Catalogs InfoCubes
Schema Not supported
Cubes Queries
Dimensions (Measures) Characteristics(Keyfgs)
Hierarchies Hierarchies (external)
Numbered Levels or
Levels Dummy level names
Members Characteristic Values
Properties Display Attributes
Discover: Mapping of Query Objects
BW Query QUERY_CUBE structure

Charact.1:Region Dimension1:Region
Charact.2:Fiscal Year Dimension2:Fiscal Year
Charact.3:Customer Dimension3:Customer
Structure for Key Figs. Measures Dimension
Member1: Cost
Member2: Sold Pieces Measures

Member3: Revenue
Cost
Sold Pieces
Revenue
Variable1: Cost Area SAP Variables Cost Area

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Discover: Exercise 1
Access cube metadata
Access dimension metadata
Access level metadata
Access Member metadata
User Name: BW253-01 to -##
Password: init
Execute: Method Signature
Execute (
[in] Command As Command,
[in] Properties As Properties,
[out] Result As Resultset)
Command Specifies a provider-specific statement to be executed.

XML for Analysis multidimensional providers must support
the mdXML language, but they can also support other
commands as needed.
Properties Specifies a collection of XML for Analysis properties:

return format of the Result set
timeout
locale in which the data should be formatted

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Execute: MultiDimensional EXpressions (MDX)
XMLA is a linguistic interface that uses

MultiDimensional Expressions (MDX) for querying
multidimensional Datasets
Parts of MDX statements:

FROM clause -> selects a cube
SELECT clause -> defines the axes
ON COLUMNS -> defines the columns axis
ON ROWS -> defines the rows axis
WHERE clause -> filter conditions
Execute: MDX Example
SELECT
{ [Measures].[CKF_SI_PROFIT],
[Measures].[0D_DOCUMENT],
[Measures].[0D_OORVALSC]
} ON COLUMNS,
NON EMPTY
[0D_PLANT].MEMBERS
ON ROWS
FROM [0D_SD_C03/SAP_DEMO_ODBO] JAN 2001,USA
Profit Number of documents Open orders
WHERE $ 702.571,00 33,000 $ 266.658,00
( [0CALMONTH].[200101], Frankfurt $ 236.088,00 9,000 $ 26.664,00
Manchester $ 95.286,00 6,000 $ 26.664,00

[0D_COUNTRY].[US] )
Calgary $ 226.487,00 9,000 $ 46.665,00
Chicago $ 144.710,00 9,000 $ 166.665,00

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Execute: More MDX
Basic Entities
Members items representing the occurrence of data
Examples: [City].[Las Vegas], [Time].[Year].[2003]
Tuples collections of members from multiple dimensions
Examples: ([City].[Las Vegas],[Time].[Year].[2003],[Event].[SAP
TechEd 2003])
Sets collections of tuple elements
Examples: {([City].[Los Angeles],[Time].[Year].[2002]),([City].[Las
Vegas],[Time].[Year].[2003]),}
Values numbers,strings
Examples: 5, red
Functions/Expressions that generate these Basic Objects

Member value expressions
Examples: <member>.PARENT
Set value expressions
Examples: TOPCOUNT(<set>,<index>,<numeric_value_expression>)
Numeric value functions
Examples: MAX(<set>[, <numeric_value_expression>])
Execute: Exercise 2
MDX Statement 1: Top five sales organizations

based on order value
MDX Statement 2: Sales organizations with
incoming orders of greater than five million

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Web Services Description Language (WSDL)
XML grammar for describing Web <definitions>

services. <import>*
<types>
WSDL documents can be used for
<schema></schema>
generating implementation code,
which therefore allows clients to </types>
automatically understand how to <message>*
interact with a given service. <part></part>
</message>
<PortType>*
<input></input>
<output></output>
<fault></fault>
</PortType>
...
</definitions>
WSDL: Exercise 3
Exercise:
Generating code with a Service Description:
Generating a C# proxy via WSDL which connects a .NET application
to a BW Web service.

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Summary
XMLA is a Web service API for OLAP and data mining
XMLA advances concepts of OLE DB for OLAP
The API consists of two methods: Discover, Execute
Discover is used to access a providers metadata
Execute is used to process MDX statements
The current version of XMLA is 1.1
XMLA is driven by the XMLA council
Further Information
On the SAP Help Portal:

Open Analysis Interfaces, including XMLA:
http://help.sap.com/:
SAP NetWeaver SAP Business Information Warehouse SAP BW 3.1/BI Content 3.2 Add-On
[Select Language] Open Analysis Interfaces
On the Internet:
XMLA council:
http://www.xmla.org/
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) specification for SOAP:

http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP/
W3C information on Extensible Markup Language (XML):

http://www.w3.org/XML/
W3C information on Web Services Description Language (WSDL):

http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
Related Workshops/Lectures at SAP TechEd 2003

BW204 Universal Data Access via SAP BW Java Integration Functionality
Oct. 1, 2003, 4 pm, Room H11

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Questions?
Q&A
Feedback
Please complete your session evaluation and

drop it in the box on your way out.
Thank You !
The SAP TechEd 03 Basel Team

SAP TechEd 03 Basel
Copyright 2003 SAP AG. All Rights Reserved
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SAP TechEd 03 Basel

XML for Analysis

As a result of this workshop, you will

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 2

2003 SAP AG BW 253, Neumann/Biedenstein 1

Learning Objectives continued

What this workshop will not teach:

Details of Web (services) foundation technologies

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 3

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 4

2003 SAP AG BW 253, Neumann/Biedenstein 2

Introduction: What is XML for Analysis?

XMLA is a SOAP-based interface for exposing OLAP and Data

The XMLA API defines 2 methods:

Discover: Used to obtain metadata and information about a

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 5

Introduction: Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)

Provides a standard packaging SOAP envelope

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 6

2003 SAP AG BW 253, Neumann/Biedenstein 3

Introduction: XMLA Architecture

Client XML for Analysis

Any client (Windows, Linux, Any server (Solaris, Linux,

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 7

Introduction: Why XMLA?

There was still the need for a broadly applicable/accepted low-

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 8

2003 SAP AG BW 253, Neumann/Biedenstein 4

Introduction: XMLA Versions

Version Date Release Changes

1.0 April 2001 Initial Release of the

1.1 November 2002 Minor Modifications after

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 9

Introduction: XMLA application scenarios

Beyond E-commerce, there is an even greater need to share information.

Add value to your offering by providing self-service access.

Just-in-Time Inventory Market/Environment data

An electric utility A financial services A brokerage firm

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 10

2003 SAP AG BW 253, Neumann/Biedenstein 5

Introduction: BW Open Analysis Interfaces

OLE DB for OLAP OLAP BAPIs XML for Analysis

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 11

Introduction: Direct Access to InfoCubes

Definition of BW Query not necessary but recommended

ON ROWS 224,000 $ 1.439.134,33

FROM [$0D_SD_C03] Frankfurt 38,000 $ 93.539,90

WHERE Manchester 54,000 $ 187.235,32

( [0CALMONTH].[200101], Calgary 39,000 $ 187.772,97

[0D_COUNTRY].[US] ) Chicago 93,000 $ 970.586,14

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 12

2003 SAP AG BW 253, Neumann/Biedenstein 6

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 13

SICF Service Maintenance (sap/bw/xml/soap/xmla) :

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 14

2003 SAP AG BW 253, Neumann/Biedenstein 7

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 15

Demo Sample Client

SAP AG 2003, BW253, Neumann/Biedenstein / 16

2003 SAP AG BW 253, Neumann/Biedenstein 8

Discover: Method Signature

RequestType Specifies the structure and content of the Rowset returned

Restrictions Sets restrictions for columns of the Result, in order to filter