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Dysentery is distinguished from routine causes of infectious diarrhea by the presence of blood.
Stool samples are taken for examination under a microscope and for a laboratory culture to confirm
the presence of the shigella bacillus.
Colonoscopy to examine the bowels may be performed.
Blood tests may be taken to look for electrolyte (essential mineral salt) abnormalities or anemia.
Watery diarrhea initially that may evolve to contain mucus and blood
Loss of appetite
Risk communication
The five key principles of WHO Outbreak Communication Guidelines are:
I. Trust any information needed by the at-risk groups to encourage behaviour that could
minimise risk should be proactively released by authorities in a timely and accessible
manner.
II. Announce early proactive communication of a real or potential health risk is crucial in
alerting those affected.
III. Transparency timely and complete information of a real or potential risk and its
management.
IV. Listening understanding the public's risk perception, views and concerns is crucial to
effective communication and the broader emergency management it supports.
V. Planning public communication represents an enormous challenge for any public
health authority and therefore demands sound planning, in advance. It must translate
into action.