PGDCA-102

PC SOFTWARE
SEC-A
Qus 1(i) What is spreadsheet? Explain.
Ans.
A spreadsheet is a sheet of paper that shows accounting or other data in rows and columns; a spreadsheet is also a
computer application program that simulates a physical spreadsheet by capturing, displaying, and
manipulating data arranged in rows and columns. The spreadsheet is one of the most popular uses of the personal
computer.
In a spreadsheet, spaces that hold items of data are called cells. Each cell is labeled according to its placement (for
example, A1, A2, A3...) and may have an absolute or relative reference to the cells around it. A spreadsheet is generally
designed to hold numerical data and short text strings. Spreadsheets usually provide the ability to portray data
relationships graphically. Spreadsheets generally do not offer the ability to structure and label data items as fully as a
database and usually do not offer the ability to query the database. In general, a spreadsheet is a much simpler program
than a database program.
Qus 1(iii) What is shortcut menu? Explain with example.
Ans.
A shortcut menu is a menu that appears when you right-click an object. In Microsoft Forms, the following objects have
shortcut menus:
The Toolbox, each page in the Toolbox, and each item on a page of the Toolbox.
Individual controls on a form.
Groups of controls (groups created with the Group command).
Containers (such as UserForm).
Individual Page objects in a MultiPage.
Individual Tab objects in a TabStrip.
Multiple controls that aren't in a group.
The commands on a shortcut menu vary depending on the object you select. For example, if you select multiple controls
that aren't in a group, the shortcut menu will include the Group command; the shortcut menu for the Toolbox will not. To
display the shortcut menu for a control or container, right-click the object. For more information on displaying the
shortcut menu for a MultiPage or a Page, seeDisplay the shortcut menu for a MultiPage or Page. For more information
on displaying the shortcut menu for a TabStrip or a Tab, seeDisplay the shortcut menu for a TabStrip or Tab.
Qus 1(v) Explain Tabs and Indents in M.S. Word.
Ans.
To indent using the Tab key:
The most common way to indent is to use the Tab key. This method is best for indenting one line of text rather
than multiple lines.
Place the insertion point to the left of the text you want to indent.
Press the Tab key. This indents the line 1/2 inch by default.
The tab selector
The tab selector is located above the vertical ruler on the left. Hover over the tab selector to see the name of the
type of tab that's active.

Tab options include:

First Line Indent : Inserts the indent marker on the ruler, and indents the first line of text in a
paragraph
Hanging Indent : Inserts the hanging indent marker, and indents all lines other than the first line
Left Tab : Moves text to the right as you type
Center Tab : Centers text according to the tab
Right Tab : Moves text to the left as you type
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 Decimal Tab : Aligns decimal numbers using the decimal point
Bar Tab : Draws a vertical line on the document
Qus 1(vi) What is work sheet in M.S. Excel?
Ans.
A worksheet is a collection of cells where you keep and manipulate the data. Each Excel workbook can contain
multiple worksheets.
A worksheet or sheet is a single page in a file created with an electronic spreadsheetprogram such as Excel or Google
Spreadsheets. A workbook is the name given to an Excel file and contains one or more worksheets. The term spreadsheet
is often used to refer to a workbook, when, as mentioned, it more correctly refers to the computer program itself.
A worksheet is used to store, manipulate, and display data.
The basic storage unit for data in a worksheet is the rectangular-shaped cellsarranged in a grid pattern in every worksheet.
Individual cells of data are identified and organized using the vertical column letters and horizontal row numbers of a
worksheet which create a cell reference - such as A1, D15, or Z467.
Worksheet specifications for current versions of Excel include:
1,048,576 rows per worksheet;
16,384 columns per worksheet;
17,179,869,184 cells per worksheet;
by default, each new file contains only one worksheet;
the number of sheets per file is limited only by the amount of memory available on the computer.
Qus 1(viii) How can delete and copy of slide in M.S. Power Point
Ans.
Delete a slide
In the pane on the left, right-click the slide thumbnail that you want to delete (press and hold Ctrl to select multiple slides,
or press and hold Shift to select multiple sequential slides), and then click Delete Slide.
Copy slide
To copy multiple slides from one presentation to another, follow these steps:
On the View menu, click Slide Sorter.
1. Select the slides to be copied. To easily select multiple slides, hold down the SHIFT key while clicking the slides that
you want.
We can select all the slides at once by clicking Select All on the Edit menu.
2. On the Edit menu, click Copy.
3. Open the presentation in which the slides are to be pasted.
4. On the View menu, click Slide Sorter.
5. Position the insertion point where the slides are to be pasted.
6. On the Edit menu, click Paste.
Qus 1(ix) What is MIME?
Ans.
MIME (Multi-Purpose Internet Mail Extensions) is an extension of the original Internet e-mailprotocol that lets people use
the protocol to exchange different kinds of data files on the Internet: audio, video, images, application programs, and other
kinds, as well as the ASCII text handled in the original protocol, the Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP). In 1991,
Nathan Borenstein of Bellcore proposed to the IETF that SMTP be extended so that Internet (but mainly Web) clients
and servers could recognize and handle other kinds of data than ASCII text. As a result, new file types were added to
"mail" as a supported Internet Protocol file type.
SEC-B
Qus 7. What is TCP/IP Protocol? Explain in details
Ans.
Short for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, TCP/IP is a set of rules (protocols) governing
communications among all computers on the Internet. More specifically, TCP/IP dictates how information should be
packaged (turned into bundles of information called packets), sent, and received, as well as how to get to its destination.
TCP/IP was developed in 1978 and driven by Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf.
As the name implies, TCP/IP is a combination of two separate protocols: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and
Internet Protocol (IP). The Internet Protocol standard dictates the logistics of packets sent out over networks; it tells
packets where to go and how to get there. IP has a method that lets any computer on the Internet forward a packet to

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another computer that is one or more intervals closer to the packet's recipient. You can think of it like workers in a line
passing boulders from a quarry to a mining cart.
The Transmission Control Protocol is responsible for ensuring the reliable transmission of data across Internet-connected
networks. TCP checks packets for errors and submits requests for re-transmissions if any are found.
Three of the most common TCP/IP protocols
HTTP - Used between a web client and a web server, for non-secure data transmissions. A web client (i.e.
Internet browser on a computer) sends a request to a web server to view a web page. The web server receives that
request and sends the web page information back to the web client.
HTTPS - Used between a web client and a web server, for secure data transmissions. Often used for sending
credit card transaction data or other private data from a web client (i.e. Internet browser on a computer) to a web
server.
FTP - Used between two or more computers. One computer sends data to or receives data from another computer
directly.

Qus 3. Explain the basic M.S. word operations in detail

Ans.
1. Business and workplace use of Microsoft Word: You can create all types of official documents in Microsoft Word.
You can use template function in Microsoft to download letterhead sample, bills, and cash memo, joining letter, receipts,
letterhead and all various types of accounts management related work.
You can send an email by using mail merge that helps you to send one document to thousands of people with name and
address.
The use of Microsoft Word in official works is really easy and productive other than any other word processing software.
After installing and working on MS word you dont need to find anything on the search engine. Its because if you dont
know something, you can even search inside the Microsoft Word when its connected to the internet.
2. MS word uses in Education: Microsoft word is best teaching tools for teachers. You can create lecture script by
using text, word art, shapes, colors, and images. That will explore creativity in students. They will watch slide or printed
document more interestingly.
3. Home based uses of Microsoft Word: You can create a birthday card, invitation card in Microsoft Word by using
pre-defined templates or using insert menu and format menus functions. You can also type a letter to municipal party on
MS-Word.
Microsoft word is like a diary for personal use, in which you can write your day to day actives. Such as you can type and
print the shopping list in the paper.
4. Microsoft Word helps you to get a job: Microsoft Office basic knowledge can play a big role to get you a job. As
you learned above business and commercial uses of Microsoft Word. It means the basic and advanced knowledge of MS
Word can help you to get a job. And its great skills that you can highlight in your resume.
5. Help to create resumes, notes, and assignments: You can create notes and assignment on MS-word. Its easy to
write and format text in Microsoft word by using various text formatting options such as paragraph, fonts, styles etc. You
can insert a cover page, you can insert watermark and tables in your assignment according to your choice.
6. You can create books, articles, and newsletters: Microsoft word is used by millions of people around the world for
document writing since its launch. And writing book on Microsoft Word is really easy. There are lots of features and
function that can help you to create and print a book.
7. Used to create edit, transcribe, and convert PDF documents: You can create and edit PDF document in Microsoft
word. You can also transcribe the video into a word file. You can copy and edit pre-written books.
Microsoft word is used by data entry operators, assistant and typist more often to enter and format text in a word file. You
can also use Microsoft word to translate a document from English to Hindi and Italian to English. But to type in Hindi,
You need Hindi fonts such as Kundli, Agra etc.
8. You can start an offline/online business after learning the Microsoft word: Now you know that there are so many
uses of Microsoft Word and Office in our daily life. So, you can use Microsoft word to start the business. You can start
your business online and offline. You need to create documents for official works. Its like a data entry business. You can
start freelancing to get Microsoft Word related works.
9. Collaborate with team members anytime and from anywhere: You can use Microsoft word to collaborate with
your team while working on the same project and document. For that, you need to use Microsoft word online. Microsoft
word is now updated to cloud base application in which the cost of official works is reduced.
Learn: Collaborate on Word documents with real-time co-authoring

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Related: Benefits of cloud computing for business
10. You can use Microsoft Word to teach student: Microsoft word commercial uses are more than our thinking. But
after learning and practicing Microsoft Office or Microsoft application you can teach to other people.
Qus 5. What are the different charts in M.S. Excel? Explain with example.
Ans.
chart types available in Excel, including the following:
Line Chart: The line chart is one of the most frequently used chart types, typically used to show trends over a
period of time. If you need to chart changes over time, consider using a line chart.

Column Chart: Column charts are typically used to compare several items in a specific range of values. Column
charts are ideal if you need to compare a single category of data between individual sub-items, such as, for
example, when comparing revenue between regions.

Clustered Column Chart: A clustered column chart can be used if you need to compare multiple categories of
data within individual sub-items as well as between sub-items. For instance, you can use a clustered column chart
to compare revenue for each year within each region, as well as between regions.

Stacked Column Chart: A stacked column chart allows you to compare items in a specific range of values as
well as show the relationship of the individual sub-items with the whole. For instance, a stacked column chart can
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 show not only the overall revenue for each year, but also the proportion of the total revenue made up by each
region.

Pie Chart: Another frequently used chart is the old pie chart. A pie chart represents the distribution or proportion
of each data item over a total value (represented by the overall pie). A pie chart is most effective when plotting no
more than three categories of data.

Bar Chart: Bar charts are typically used to compare several categories of data. Bar charts are ideal for visualizing
the distribution or proportion of data items when there are more than three categories. For instance a bar chart
could be used to compare the overall revenue distribution for a given set of products.

Area Chart: Area charts are ideal for clearly illustrating the magnitude of change between two or more data
points. For example, you can give your audience a visual feel for the degree of variance between the high and low
price for each month.

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 Combination Chart: A combination chart is a visualization that combines two or more chart types into a single
chart. Combination charts are an ideal choice when you want to compare two categories of each individual sub-
item. They are commonly used to create visualizations that show the difference between targets versus actual
results.

Qus 6. Explain the different views of presentation in M.S. Power Pain with example.
Ans.
The PowerPoint have four views are:
1.) Slide View-
The Slide view shows a single slide. In Slide view, you work on one slide at at time. In Slide view, you have access to all
the tools on the Tool Palette as well as buttons on the Toolbar.
2.) Outline View-
The Outline view shows all the titles and body text in your presentation. In Outline view, you can move slides around
within your presentation and also edit your text.
3.) Slide Sorter View-
The Slide Sorter view shows you a miniature of each slide in your presentation. You can drag slides around on the screen
to re position them in this view. You can also select and copy multiple slides should you want to use them in other
presentations.
4.) Notes View-
The Notes view lets you create speaker's notes. Each page corresponds to a slide in your presentation and includes a
reduce image of the slide. You can draw and type in Notes view the way you can in Slide View

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