HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Definition

Hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to explain the
listeners or readers that something should or should not happen or be done.
Hortatory exposition text can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines,
newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research report etc.
Hortatory expositions are popular among science, academic community and educated
people.
To strengthen the explanation, the speaker or writer needs some arguments as the
fundamental reasons of the given idea. In other words, this kind of text can be called
as argumentation.

Purpose:

To persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case or be done.

Generic Structure:

1. Thesis : Statement or announcement of issue concern

2. Arguments : Reasons for concern that will lead to recommendation
3. Recommendation : Statement of what should or should not happen or be done based
on the given arguments

Language features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using modals
3. Using action verbs
4. Using thinking verbs
5. Using adverbs
6. Using adjective
7. Using technical terms
8. Using general and abstract noun
9. Using connectives/transition

Then what is the basic difference between analytical and hortatory exposition?

In simple word. Analytical is the answer of How is/will while hortatory is the answer of
How should. Analytical exposition will be best to describe How will student do for his
examination? The point is the important thing to do. But for the question How should
student do for his exam? will be good to be answered with hortatory. It is to convince that
the thing should be done.
Example :

Watching TV

Thesis:

Is it important to know what your kids are watching? Of course it is. Television can expose
your children to things that you have tried to protect them from, especially violence, drug
abuse, etc.

Argument 1:

One study demonstrated that watching too much TV during the day or at bedtime often
causes bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay and anxiety around sleep, followed by shortened
sleep duration.

Argument 2:

Another study found a significant association between the amount of time spent watching
television during adolescence and early adulthood, and the like hood of subsequent
aggressive acts against others.

Argument 3:

Meanwhile, many studies have found an association between kids watching a lot of TV,
being inactive and overweight.

Recommendation:

Considering some facts above, protect your children with some following tips:

1. Limit television viewing to 1-2 hours each day.

2. Do not allow your children to have a TV set in their bedrooms.
3. Review the ratings of TV shows that your children watch.
4. Watch television with your children and discuss what is happening during the show.
Question.

Text 1

There are many reasons for keeping dogs as pets in the city area, but many people feel that
keeping pet dogs should not be allowed in the city. Dogs are often not taken care properly.
They are kept in small backyards and rarely taken for walks. They are left in the yard all day
by themselves while the family is at work. Very little attention is given to the dog and it is
not a very good life for it. It is no wonder why these dogs bark and disturb the neighbours
and become a nuisance to the community.

On the other hand, not all people treat their dogs this way and why should the people
receive a lot of pleasure and enjoyment from dog's suffer? Dogs can make a lonely person's
life happy or make wonderful playmate. It can also teach a child responsibility as they not
only get to lay with the dog, but also need to exercise, feed, and care for the dog.

I feel that we should be allowed to keep dogs in the city, because if it is taken care of
properly, dogs can be a great source of pleasure. As a child I used to enjoy playing and
taking care of my pet. There is not greater loyalty a person can get than from a well-cared
dog.

1. Some people do not like the presence of pet dogs in their surroundings because ....
A. the dogs are left in the yards
B. the dogs are often neglected
C. the dogs often bark and disturb the neighbours
D. the dogs play with the owner's child
E. the dogs guard the security of the environment

2. The main idea of the last paragraph is ....

A. pet dogs are loyal animals
B. pet dogs are more loyal than humans
C. dogs can be a great source of pleasure
D. the writer has no objection to keeping dogs in the city
E. the writer used to play and took care of his pet when he was a child

3. We can infer from the text that keeping pet dogs in the city will not cause any problem as
long as ....
A. the dogs are amusing
B. the neighbours like having pet dogs
C. the dogs do not bark at the neighbours
D. the writer has succeeded in persuading the neighbours
E. its presence does not disturb the neighbourhood
4.The text above is in the form of?

A. Hortatory exposition
B. Narative
C. Analytical exposition
D. Anecdot
E. Description

5. The generic structure of the first paragraph is?

A. Argumen
B. Thesis
C. Recommendation
D. Solution
E. Reorientation

Text 2

Anybody who is over the age of six knows that there is nowhere safe for skateboarders to
skate. This prevents young people from enjoying an active, energetic and adventurous
pastime.

Just watch a local street for a short while and note the steady stream of skaters speeding up
and down the footpaths. Toddlers can be trampled on and old ladies can be knocked down
as they struggle home carrying their cat food from supermarkets.

Skateboarding is a serious sport that improves young peoples health. It increases fitness,
improves balance and strengthens the joints in knees and ankles. Although it appears to be
a solo sport, when groups practice together and compete to perform stunts or runs they
form firm friendships.

Young people should be prevented from becoming overweight couch potatoes. If they are
actively involved in skating, they do not smoke, take drugs or break laws for fun.

Kids will always seek thrills and excitement. They need to practice their 180s, 360s and
Ollies free from restrictions. We must build skate parks in the suburbs so that streets are
safe for small children and senior citizens and skaters have spaces where they can race,
chase, speed, and soar towards the sun.

6. Where do the kids usually ride their skateboard?

A. In the main roads and foot paths.
B. In front of the supermarket.
C. In front of their home.
D. In the suburbs.
E. In the park.

7. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?

A. There is no safe place for skateboarders.
B. Kids seek an excitement in skate.
C. The goodness of skateboarding.
D. The skateboarding is a serious sport.
E. How to prevent overweight by skateboarding.

8. The writers purpose in writing the text is .

A. to invite the local teenagers to skate in a park built specifically for skaters.
B. to convince the readers that they need a safe place for skaters to skate.
C. to provoke youngsters into the local government policy.
D. to promote the writers business of skateboarding class.
E. to inform parents about the goodness of skateboarding.

9. What must we do to let the skaters play?

A. Join with them anywhere.
B. Give them space in the park.
C. Let them play in the main roads.
D. Let them play in the local street.
E. Build a skate park in the suburbs.

10. They need to practice their 180s, 360s and Ollies free from restrictions. (Paragraph 5)
The synonym of the underlined word is .
A. Approval
B. Allowance
C. Improvement
D. Prevention
E. Limitation

Text 3

Government should not raise fuel price to solve the problem of economic issues. People
were affected severely with the high fuel price hike last year. Obviously they cut their
spending. As an example, they had to buy lower quality of rice or palm oil. There were also
fewer buyers of secondary commodities like flour, or canned meat or fish.
Furthermore, the condition of low income family will become even worse because their
expenses will increase while their salaries will not. Many companies will have to trim the
number of employees because they are incapable of managing buying or selling price,
standard wages and personal affairs.
Finally, government should not raise fuel price to overcome economic problem but the
solution should be sought by tapping into the nations own potential and utilizing it to
enhance productivity to its maximum.

Answer the following questions based on the text!

11. The text above is in the form of?

F. Hortatory exposition
G. Narative
H. Analytical exposition
I. Anecdot
J. Description

12. The generic structure of the first paragraph is?

F. Argumen
G. Thesis
H. Recommendation
I. Solution
J. Reorientation

13. What is the generic structure of the text ?

A. Arguments,recommendation and thesis

B. Recommendation,argumen and thesis
C. Thesis,arguments and recommendation
D. Recommendation,thesis and orientation
E. Orientation,recommendation,reorientation

14.What is the tittle of the text ?

A. why should wearing a helmet when motorcycling

B. Mobiles phones in the school
C. Solve the problem of economis issues
D. Why live when will die anyway?
E. A&B true
15.What problem has been discussed in the text ?

A. Solve an economic issues

B. Effects of smiking
C. Floods hit jakarta
D. Solve problem of economic
E. No one true

Kunci Jawaban :

1. C
2. C
3. E
4. A
5. B
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. E
10. E
11. A
12. B
13. C
14. C
15. A