Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Grads 12-13
Physics Syllabus
(Implemented from 2017)
Department of Science
National Institute of Education
Maharagama
Sri Lanka
www.nie.lk
i
INTRODUCTION
Physics is the major science dealing with the fundamental constituents of universe, the forces they exert on one another and the results
produced by these forces. It is the root of every field of science and underlies all natural phenomena. Studying physics and physicist's methods
of acquiring and evaluating knowledge should therefore be regarded as an integral part of the education for all science students.
G.C.E (Advanced Level) Physics syllabus is designed as a two year course to provide the basic background in physics that would
be required by those intending to proceed to higher studies as well as by those who would utilize the knowledge of physics in various fields
and daily life.
ii
1.1 National goals
1. Based on the concept of respecting human values and understanding the differences between the Sri Lankan multi-cultural society, building up the
nation and confirming the identity of Sri Lanka by promoting national integrity, national unity, national coherence and peace.
2. While responding to the challenges of the dynamic world, identifying and conserving the national heritage.
3. Creating an environment which comprises the conventions of social justice and democratic life to promote the characteristics of respecting human
rights, being aware of the responsibilities, concerning each other with affectionate relationships.
4. Promoting a sustainable life style based on the peoples mental and physical wellbeing and the concept of human values.
5. Promoting positive feelings needed for a balanced personality with the qualities of creative skills, initiative, critical thinking and being responsible.
6. Developing the human resources, needed for the progress of the wellbeing of an individual, the nation as well as the economic growth of Sri Lanka,
through education.
7. Preparing the people for the changes that occur in a rapidly changing world by adapting to it and controlling them; developing abilities and
potentialities of people to face the complex and unexpected occasions.
8. Sustaining the skills and attitudes based on justice, equality, mutual respect which is essential to achieve a respectable place in the international
community.
iii
1.2 Basic Competencies
The competencies promoted through the education mentioned below help to achieve the above mentioned National Goals.
i. Competencies in Communication
This first set of competencies is made up of four subsets - Literacy, Numeracy, Graphics and Information Communication skills:
Literacy : Listening, carefully speaking clearly, and reading for comprehension, writing clearly and accurately.
Numeracy: Using numbers to count, calculate, code and to measure, matter, space and time.
Graphics : Making sense of line and form, expressing and recording essential data, instructions and ideas
with line, form, colour, two and three-dimensional configurations, graphic symbols and icons.
ICT Competencies: Knowledge on computers, and the ability to use the information communication skills at
learning or work as well as in private life.
Social Environment: Awareness, sensitivity and skills linked to being a member of society, social relationship, personal conduct, general and legal
conventions, rights, responsibilities, duties and obligations.
Biological Environment: Awareness, sensitivity and skills linked to the living world, man and the ecosystem, the trees, forests, seas, water, air and life
- plant, animal and human life.
iv
Physical Environment: Awareness, sensitivity and skills relating to space, energy, fuel, matter, materials and their links with human living, food,
clothing, shelter, health, comfort, respiration, sleep, relaxation, rest, waste and excretion, media of communication and
transport.
Included here are the skills in using tools to shape and for materials for living and learning.
iv. Competencies relating to preparation for the world of work
Employment related skills to maximize their potential and to enhance their capacity to contribute to economic development; to discover their
vocational interests and aptitudes; to choose a job that suits their abilities and to engage in a rewarding and sustainable livelihood.
v
2.0 Aims of the syllabus
At the end of this course students will be able to;
1. acquire sufficient understanding and knowledge to become confident citizens in a technological world.
2. recognize the usefulness and limitations of scientific method and to appreciate its applicability in everyday life
3. develop abilities and skills that are relevant to the study and practice of physics in day- to -day life.
4. develop attitudes relevant to physics such as concern for accuracy and precision, objectivity, enquiry, initiative and inventiveness.
5. stimulate interest and care for the environment.
6. acquire manipulative, observational and experimental skills together with hands- on experience on the equipments used by physicists.
vi
List of topics and allocated number of periods
Unit 01 Measurement 30
Unit 02 Mechanics 110
Unit 03 Oscillations and Waves 100
Unit 04 Thermal Physics 60
Unit 05 Gravitational Field 20
Unit 06 Electrostatic field 60
Unit 07 Magnetic Field 40
Unit 08 Current Electricity 70
Unit 09 Electronics 40
Unit 10 Mechanical Properties of Matter 40
Unit 11 Matter and Radiation 30
Total 610
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Grade Term Competency Levels
viii
3.0- Syllabus
3.1 Grade 12
Unit 1 - Measurement (30 periods)
Competency Competency Content Learning outcomes No. of
Level Periods
1. Uses 1.1 Inquires the Introduction to physics Student will be able to; 02
experimental scope of Explaining simply the subject area of physics explains physics as the study of energy,
and physics and and how it relates to daily life and nature behavior of matter in relation to energy and
mathematical
frames in
how to use How physics contributed to the development transformation of energy.
physics for the scientific of society describes physics as a subject that focuses
systematic methodology Basic concepts in scientific methodology from fundamental particles to the Universe.
explorations. for expresses how to use principles of physics
explorations. in day-to-day life and to explain natural
phenomena.
elaborates how physics has been applied in
development of new technologies in areas
such as
Transportation
Communication
Energy production and energy usage
Medicine
Earth and space explorations
uses the scientific method for scientific
explorations.
accepts that advancements in physics are
based on observations and inferences made
on them.
1
Competency Competency Content Learning outcomes No. of
Level Periods
1.2 Use units Physical quantities and units Student will be able to;
appropriately Fundamental physical quantities identifies basic physical quantities 04
in scientific International system of units (SI units) and derived physical quantities.
work and Base units uses appropriate SI base units and
daily pursuits. Supplementary units
derived SI units.
Derived physical quantities and derived units
Physical quantities without units appreciates that all physical
Multiples and submultiples of units quantities consist of a numerical
magnitude with or without a unit.
uses the prefixes and their symbols to
indicate multiples and submultiples.
converts units appropriately.
uses the knowledge of significant
figures.
1.3 Investigates Dimensions
physical Dimensions of basic physical quantities used in Student will be able to; 04
quantities mechanics checks the correctness of equations
using Mass dimensionally.
dimensions. Length uses dimensions to derive expressions
Time uses dimensions to determine units of
Dimensions of derived physical quantities physical quantities.
Uses of dimensions
Testing the correctness of a physical equation
Finding the units of a given quantity
Deriving expressions
2
Competency Competency Content Learning Outcomes No. of
Level Periods
1.4 Takes Measuring instruments Student will be able to; 12
measuremen Principle, Least count and Range describes the importance of taking measurements
ts accurately
Errors of measurement during experiments and in day-to-day activities
by selecting identifies the least count of an instruments
appropriate Systematic Error
instruments random Error select suitable measuring instruments for
to minimize Fractional error and percentage error measurements.
errors. Laboratory measuring instruments explains vernier principle and micro meter
Metre ruler principle
Vernier calipers uses vernier caliper, travelling microscope,
micrometer screw gauge, spherometer, triple
Micrometer screw gauge
beam balance, electronic balance, stopwatch and
Spherometer
digital stop watch to take readings.
Travelling microscope
explains the effects of systematic errors
Triple beam balance/Four beam
(including zero errors) and random errors in
balance/ Scientific electronic
measurements.
balance
calculates fractional error and percentage error.
Stop clock/stopwatch/ Digital
appreciates the purpose of calculating fractional
stopwatch
error and percentage error.
Digital multimeter
Laboratory practicals Using
measuring instruments
Vernier calipers
Micrometer screw gauge
Spherometer
Travelling microscope
3
Student will be able to;
Scalars and vectors distinguishes between scalar and vector
Scalar quantities quantities and give examples of each.
Vector quantities represents a vector geometrically.
Geometrical representation of a add and subtract coplanar vectors.
vector quantity finds the resultant of two inclined vectors using
1.5 Uses vector Resultant vector of vector parallelogram law.
addition and two vectors in the same line and finds the resultant of vectors using triangle
08
resolution parallel lines method and polygon method.
appropriately. Two inclined vectors resolves a vector into two perpendicular
Parallelogram law components.
Triangle method Give examples for instances where a simple
System of vectors force is applied instead of several forces and vise
Polygon method verse.
Resolution of vectors
4
Unit 2 - Mechanics (110 periods)
5
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level Outcomes Periods
2.2 Uses Resultant of forces Student will be able to; 15
resultant Resultant of two forces resolves and add forces appropriately.
force and Resultant of a system of coplanar forces uses force resolution method and force
moment of Moment of a force parallelogram law to find the resultant of system
force to Moment of a force about a point of coplanar forces
determine the Moment of a couple (of forces) finds the centre of gravity of regular shaped
centre of Resultant of parallel forces and the line compound bodies.
gravity of a
of action(parallel forces in the same explains the motion of a body when the force
body. acts through the centre of mass.
direction)
Centre of gravity of a body (using the explains the motion of a body when the force
resultant of parallel forces) acts away from the center of mass.
Centre of gravity of regular shaped finds the resultant of two parallel forces and the
bodies line of action
Centre of gravity of regular shaped finds the moment of a force and the moment of
compound bodies couple
Centre of mass conducts simple activity to find the centre of
Determination of weight of a body gravity of a plane object
using the law of parallelogram of
forces
2.3 Uses Force and motion Student will be able to; 20
Newton's Mass states that inertia of a body as the reluctance to
laws of Inertial mass change the state of motion.
motion to Gravitational mass realizes mass as a measure of translational
analyze the Inertial and non inertial frames
motion of a inertia.
Newton's first law of motion uses Newtons laws of motion and the concept of
body.
momentum to analyze dynamic situations
involving constant mass and constant forces.
6
Competency Competency Content Learning outcomes No. of
Level Periods
Momentum uses free body force diagrams to analyze the
Newton's second law of motion forces acting on a body and determine the net
Obtaining F = ma force.
Defining the unit newton identifies the action force and the reaction force.
Impulse and impulsive forces realizes that these forces (action and reaction)
Principle of conservation of linear always exist .
momentum realizes that the impulsive force is generally a
Newton's third law of motion variable force acting only for a short time.
Applications of Newton's laws gives examples for instances where impulsive
Self adjusting forces forces are used.
Tension identifies the nature of self adjusting forces.
Thrust / compression analyzes the effects of friction on dynamic
Frictional forces systems.
Static friction carries out numerical calculations to solve
Limiting friction problems using Newton's laws
Dynamic friction carries out calculations related momentum and
its conservation.
Free body force diagrams
carries out calculations related to limiting
friction and dynamic friction.
conducts simple activities to demonstrate
Newton's laws
7
2.4 Manipulates Equilibrium Student will be able to;
the Conditions for equilibrium conducts activities to identify the conditions for 10
conditions Principle of moments equilibrium of a point object.
necessary to Equilibrium under two forces conducts activities to identify identifies the
keep a body Equilibrium of coplanar forces conditions for equilibrium of a rigid object
in Three non parallel forces under system of coplanar forces.
equilibrium.
Three parallel forces describes the conditions for equilibrium of three
parallel and three non parallel coplanar forces.
Theorem of triangle of forces
uses the theorem of triangle of forces and the
Polygon of forces
principle of moments to solve simple problems
States of equilibrium
related to equilibrium of forces.
Stable
Unstable uses the concepts of equilibrium to stabilize a
Neutral system.
Determination of weight of a body identifies three states of equilibrium.
using the principle of moments
2.5 Consumes Work, energy and power Student will be able to; 15
and Work uses the expressions for work done, kinetic
transforms Work done by force in energy, potential energy and power to calculate
mechanical translational motion energy changes and efficiencies.
energy Mechanical energy uses principle of conservation of energy and the
Kinetic energy principle of conservation of mechanical energy
productively.
Translational kinetic energy
to solve numerical problems.
Potential energy
Gravitational potential energy recalls and understands the concepts of power
Elastic potential energy and efficiency.
Power and efficiency applies the conservation of energy and
Principle of conservation of energy conservation of linear momentum in problem
Principle of conservation of solving related to collisions and explosions.
mechanical energy explains the difference between an elastic
Work-energy principle collision and inelastic collision.
8
Competency Competency Level Learning outcomes No. of
Periods
2.6 Investigates the concepts Rotational motion Student will be able to;
related to rotational motion and Angular displacement expresses angular displacement, angular 15
circular motion. Angular velocity velocity, and angular acceleration in SI
Frequency of rotation units.
Angular acceleration describes rotational motion using time
Equations of rotational motion period and frequency.
under uniform angular acceleration solve problems using equations of
Moment of inertia rotational motion..
Thin uniform rod explain that the moment of inertia is the
Thin uniform ring measure of rotational inertia.
Uniform circular disk and demonstrates that moment of inertia
cylinder depends on mass, axis of rotation and
Uniform sphere mass distribution.
Angular momentum predicts the motion of a rotating body
by determining the torque acting on it.
Torque
solves numerical problems associated
Relationship between torque,
with moment of inertia, torque and
moment of inertia and angular
angular momentum
acceleration
gives examples related to principle of
Principle of conservation of angular
conservation of angular momentum.
momentum
conduct simple activities to demonstrate
Work done in rotational motion
the principle of conservation of angular
Rotational kinetic energy
momentum.
Analogy between linear motion and
analyzes situations in which an object
rotational motion
moves round a circle at uniform speed.
Circular motion with uniform angular
calculates the centripetal acceleration of
velocity in a horizontal plane
9
Frequency an object moving round a horizontal
Period circular path at a uniform speed.
Tangential velocity identifies centripetal forces of various
Centripetal acceleration circular motions.
Centripetal force relates the centripetal acceleration of
such an object to the forces acting on it.
carries out calculations related to
rotational motion and circular motion.
compares angular and linear motions.
Student will be able to;
2.8 Uses the principles and laws Fluid-dynamics distinguishes between streamline and 08
related to flowing fluids in Streamline flow and turbulent flow turbulent flow.
scientific work and daily Equation of continuity for a steady, uses the equation of continuity for a
pursuits. stream line flow steady streamline flow.
Bernoulli's principle (derivation not states the conditions under which
necessary) Bernoullis principle is valid.
Applications of Bernoulli's principle applies Bernoullis principle to solve
problems.
conducts simple activities to
demonstrate Bernollis principle.
10
Unit 3 - Oscillations and Waves (100 periods)
11
Determination of gravitational distinguishes free, damped and forced
acceleration by using simple oscillations.
pendulum describes practical examples of forced
Small oscillations of a mass oscillations and resonance.
suspended by a light helical spring. realizes that there are some instances in which
resonance is useful and other instances in which
Period
resonance should be avoided.
Determination of the spring demonstrates forced oscillations and resonance
constant of a light helical spring using Barton's pendulum.
Free oscillations
Damped oscillations
Forced oscillations and Resonance
12
3.3 Investigates Properties of waves Student will be able to; 15
the uses of Reflection conducts simple activities to demonstrate the
waves on the Rigid reflection properties of waves by using ripple tank and a
basis of their Soft reflection string/ slinky
properties Refraction states reflection, refraction, interference and
Diffraction diffraction as common properties of waves.
Polarization describes change of velocity, wavelength and
Principle of superposition of waves direction in different media to describe the
Interference effects of refraction.
Stationary waves carries out numerical calculations on refraction.
Beats states the principle of superposition of waves.
(derivation is graphically represents the principle of
not necessary) superposition of waves.
Comparison of stationary waves uses the principle of superposition of waves to
and progressive waves explain the occurrence of interference, stationary
waves and beats qualitatively.
demonstrates stationary waves using string
vibrator
demonstrates beats using CRO and tuning forks.
carries out numerical calculations on beats and
stationary waves.
explains diffraction, interference and polarization
qualitatively.
3.4 Uses the Stationary waves in strings Student will be able to; 12
modes of Stationary waves in a stretched string explains the numerical patterns of resonant
vibration of frequencies for stationary waves on strings
Speed of transverse waves
strings by carries out calculations on stationary wave
manipulating Modes of vibrations in a stretched patterns on strings.
variables. string describes seismic waves, Earth quakes, Richter
scale and formation of tsunami qualitatively.
Fundamental tone finds the frequency of a tuning fork using
sonometer.
13
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
Overtones and harmonics prepares a report to explain earthquake and
Sonometer Tsunami.
Determination of the
frequency of a tuning fork
by changing the tension of
the string
Verification of the
relationship between the
vibrating length and
frequency
Speed of longitudinal wave
14
by using a set of tuning
forks (graphical method)
15
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
3.8 Inquires Electromagnetic waves Student will be able to; 05
about Electromagnetic spectrum states that electromagnetic waves generate due
electromagne Properties of electromagnetic waves to the acceleration or deceleration of charge
tic waves. Uses of electromagnetic waves particles.
LASER describes the properties of electromagnetic
Principle waves
Properties describes the applications of electromagnetic
Uses waves in each of the main wavelength ranges.
explains the principle of LASER
identifies the properties and uses of LASER
beams.
16
angle and the relative refractive constructs images formed by lenses using ray
index diagrams
Total internal reflection derives lens formula by geometrical method
using Cartesian sign convention.
Refraction through a prism
carries out numerical calculations to solve
Experimental investigation of
problems for lenses and lens combination
deviation of a light ray through a
uses the power of a lens as
prism
Converging( + ),Diverging( - )
Deviation
conducts experimentation to determine the
graph
focal length of convex lenses and concave
Minimum deviation lenses
Relationship between prism
angle, reflective index and the
angle of minimum deviation.
Determination of the
refractive index of material
of prism by critical angle
method
Spectrometer
Main adjustments
Determination of the angle
of a prism
Finding the angle of
minimum deviation
Refraction through thin lenses
Real and virtual images of convex and
concave lenses
Lens formula with Cartesian sign
convention
Linear magnification
Determination of focal length of
convex lenses and concave lenses
Power of a lens
Combination of thin lenses in contact
17
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
3.10 Applies the Human eye Student will be able to; 04
knowledge of Formation of an image describes optical system of human eye.
images Visual angle explains the formation of image on eye.
formed by Defects of vision and correction describes defects of vision and sight corrections
lenses for the Short sight using ray diagrams.
correction of Long sight carries out sight correction calculations.
defects of
Presbyopia describes Presbyopia qualitatively.
vision
appropriately.
18
Unit 4 - Thermal Physics (60 periods)
Thermometers
Mercury/ alcohol in glass
thermometer
Thermister
Thermocouple
19
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
4.2 Inquires Thermal expansion Student will be able to; 06
about the Expansion of solids carries out numerical calculations to solve
instances Linear expansion problems related to thermal expansion of solids
where the Area expansion and liquids.
expansion of Volume expansion explains the variation of density of liquids due to
solids and Relationship between linear, area and thermal expansion of liquids.
liquids are volume expansivities explains phenomena related to anomalous
used. Volume expansion of liquids expansion of water.
Real expansion uses the knowledge of expansion of solids and
Apparent expansion liquids in day to day activities.
Gives examples for uses and disadvantages of
(Derivation not necessary) solids and liquids.
Variation of density with temperature
Anomalous expansion of water
20
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
4.4 Inquires Kinetic theory of gases Student will be able to; 04
about the Elementary assumptions of the kinetic states the basic assumptions of the kinetic theory
pressure theory of gases.
exerted by a
gas on its explains how molecular movement causes the
container (Derivation is not necessary) pressure exerted by a gas.
using kinetic Expression for mean translational relates temperature to the mean kinetic energy of
theory of kinetic energy of air an molecule, molecules of a gas.
gases. explains the distribution of molecular speeds at
different temperatures
carries out calculations using the kinetic theory
equation
appreciates the kinetic theory of gases in
explaining the behavior of gasses based on
microscopic behavior of gas molecules.
21
4.6 Inquires about Change of state Student will be able to; 08
the State of matter states that melting and boiling take place without
productive Qualitative molecular account of the a change in temperature.
use of the difference between solids, liquids defines specific latent heat of vaporization and
heat and gases specific latent heat of fusion.
exchange Simple explanation of the explains that specific latent heat of vaporization
during the molecular processes in fusion and is higher than specific latent heat of fusion for
change in boiling the same substance.
state of Fusion (melting) carries out numerical calculations of the latent
matter. Specific latent heat of fusion heat of substance.
Determination of specific identifies fusion and vaporization using the graph
latent heat of fusion of ice of temperature vs. time.
(method of mixtures) conducts experiments to determine latent heat of
Vaporization at Boiling fusion of ice and latent heat of vaporization of
Specific latent heat of water.
vaporization states the effect of pressure on boiling point and
Determination of specific melting point.
latent heat of vaporization describes qualitatively physical process
of water ( method of associated with the change of state.
mixtures)
Effect of pressure on boiling
point and melting point
22
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
4.7 Relates the Vapour and humidity Student will be able to; 08
effect of water Evaporation differentiates evaporation and boiling
vapour on Comparison of evaporation and explains the behavior of unsaturated and saturated
weather. vaporization (boiling) water vapour.
Vapour pressure and saturated illustrates graphically the variation of saturated vapour
vapour pressure pressure and unsaturated vapour pressure with
Variation of vapour pressure with temperature and with volume.
temperature explains the humidity refers to the moisture (amount
Variation of vapour pressure with of water vapour present) in the atmosphere.
volume carries out numerical calculations to solve problems
Dew point on relative humidity, absolute humidity and dew
Absolute humidity point.
Relative humidity correlates the boiling point and saturated vapour
Determination of relative pressure
humidity using polished realizes that hygrometers are available to find relative
calorimeter humidity
conducts experiment of find Relative Humidity
4.8 Uses laws of Thermodynamics Student will be able to; 04
thermodynamic Explanation of heat as a state of relates a rise in temperature of a body to an increase in
s to analyze the transfer of energy its internal energy.
Internal energy
various explains the first law of thermodynamics.
thermodynamic First law of thermodynamics
uses the first law of thermodynamics to explain the
processes. changes of a gas.
Special instances where the first law
of thermodynamics is applicable conducts simple activities to demonstrate isothermal
Constant pressure processes adiabatic , constant pressure and constant volume
Constant volume processes processes.
Isothermal processes carries out numerical calculations using the first law
Adiabatic processes of thermodynamics.
Cyclic processes
Pressure volume curves for
above processes
23
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
4.9 Designs Transfer of heat Student will be able to; 06
daily and Conduction describes heat transfer mechanisms indicating
scientific Thermal conductivity conduction, convection and radiation.
work by Equation for the rate of carries out numerical calculations related to
considering conduction of heat thermal conduction.
the methods Temperature variation of lagged illustrates temperature distribution of lagged and
and amount & non lagged uniform rods. non lagged uniform rods graphically.
of transfer of Determination of thermal explains convection and radiation qualitatively.
heat. conductivity of a metal conducts an experiment to determine thermal
Searle's method conductivity.
Convection
Radiation
24
Unit 5 - Gravitational Field (20 periods)
25
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
5.2 Inquires Earth's gravitational field Student will be able to; 12
about the Gravitational field intensity near the uses knowledge obtained regarding gravitational
instances of Earth surface fields to deduce corresponding relationships in
using the Relationship between the Earths gravitational field.
knowledge on acceleration due to gravity and
Earth's derive the expression (mgh) for gravitational
gravitational field intensity
gravitational Earth satellites potential energy.
field to fulfill Geostationary satellites Find physical quantities related to satellite
human Escape velocity motion, describing conditions for such motions.
activities. carries out calculations related to satellite motion
in circular orbits.
appreciates the uses of satellites.
derives an expression for escape velocity.
26
Unit 6 - Electric Field (60 periods)
27
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
Around a charged conducting calculates electric field intensity due to
sphere different charged objects using relevant
Outside the sphere expressions.
On the surface of the
sphere
Inside the sphere
Field intensity at a distance r
from an infinitely long charged
thin wire
6.3 Quantifies Electric potential Student will be able to; 15
the potential Definition of potential at a point in an defines electric potential.
energy of electrostatic field finds the electric potential at a point due to a
charges Potential at a point due to a point point charge and distribution of point charges.
placed in an charge, (derivation is not illustrates graphically the variation of electric
electrostatic potential with the distance from the centre of
field. necessary)
Potential at a point due to distribution conducting sphere.
of point charges finds electric potential energy of a charge in an
Potential difference between two electric field.
points defines potential difference between two points
Work done in moving a charge across in an electric field.
a potential difference defines electron volt as a unit of energy.
Potential energy of a charge in an expresses the relation between potential gradient
electric field and electric field intensity.
Potential energy of a system with two carries out numerical calculations to solve
charges problems related to electric potential and
Potential gradient potential energy.
Relationship between potential draws equipotential surfaces in different fields.
gradient and electric field intensity
Equipotential surfaces
Equipotential surfaces in different
28
fields
Near a point charge
Near like point, charges Near unlike
point charges
29
Unit 7 Magnetic fields (40 periods)
30
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
Magnetic flux density along the axis derives the expression for the force between two
of a current carrying long solenoid parallel infinitely long current carrying
(derivation is not necessary) conductors.
Magnitude of the force between two solves problems related to magnetic flux density
current carrying infinitely long of current carrying infinitely long straight
parallel conductors conductor, circular coil and long solenoid.
Definition of Ampere defines "Ampere"
7.3 Inquires the Torque acting on a current loop Student will be able to; 15
rotational Rectangular coil placed in a derives expressions for torque acting on a current
effect due to uniform magnetic field carrying rectangular coil placed in a uniform
the inter- Rectangular coil placed in a radial magnetic field.
relationship magnetic field deduces the expression for the torque acting on a
of electricity Moving coil galvanometer current carrying rectangular coil placed in a
and Expression for deflection radial magnetic field.
magnetism. Factors affecting the current solves problems related to torque acting on a
sensitivity current loop.
Direct current motor explains the structure and the function of moving
coil galvanometer.
derives an expression for the deflection of the
moving coil galvanometer
describes current sensitivity of the moving coil
galvanometer.
describes the structure and function of a direct
current motor with one armature coil.
31
Unit 8 - Current Electricity (70 periods)
32
I-V curves
Ohmic conductors
Non-ohmic conductors
Potential divider circuit
8.2 Quantifies Energy and power Student will be able to; 05
the energy Expression for energy dissipated due conduct simple activities to demonstrate that
and power in to flow of charges energy dissipates through any electrical
direct current and apparatus when current flows.
(dc) circuits. Expression for power ( rate of expresses formulae for energy dissipation due to
dissipation of energy) flow of charges.
Obtaining , and expresses formulae for rate of dissipation of
energy.
, applies and for any electrical
Application of and appliance.
any electrical uses , , and
appliance
Application of , to find the dissipation of heat for
passive resistors.
, and
for appliances producing heat
only (Joule heating)
Student will be able to;
8.3 Inquires the Electromotive force explain the formation of e.m.f. using simple cell. 10
power supply Formation of potential difference describe the energy transformation in different
of an electric between plates of a simple cell types of sources of electromotive force (emf).
circuit define electromotive force (e.m.f.) in terms of the
quantitatively energy transformation in a source
33
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
Transformation of different forms of Student will be able to;
energy in various sources of expresses that rate of energy supply from the
Electromotive force source as the product .
Definition of electromotive force expresses the voltage difference across a source
Introduction of internal resistance of emf with internal resistance in a closed circuit.
Application of the law of conservation of understands the effects of the internal resistance
energy to a circuit having a source of of an electric source of on the terminal potential
electromotive force difference.
Expression for the potential expresses the effective emf of combination of
difference between the terminals of a cell series cell and identical parallel cells.
in a closed circuit explains the condition for maximum power
Determination of electromotive force transfer using graph of power versus resistance.
and internal resistance of a cell conducts an experiment to determine
(graphical method) electromotive force and internal resistance of a
Combination of sources of electromotive cell.
force
Series connection
Parallel connection of identical
sources
Graphical representation of the
relationship between resistance and
power dissipation of a resistor
Condition for maximum power transfer
(derivation is not necessary)
8.4 Uses the Electric circuits Student will be able to; 05
laws and Kirchhoff's laws explains Kirchhoff's first law on the basis of
principles First law (conservation of conservation of charge.
related to charges) describes Kirchhoff's second law as one form of
current Second law (conservation of conservation of energy.
electricity for energy) applies Kirchhoff's laws to electrical networks to
designing solve problems.
circuits.
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Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
8.5 Selects Electrical measuring instruments based on Student will be able to; 04
suitable moving coil galvanometer describe the construction of ammeter, voltmeter
instruments Ammeter and ohm - meter.
according to Arrangement uses ammeters and voltmeters correctly and
the quantity Properties of an ideal ammeter protectively according to the needs.
to be Changing the range of an ammeter solves numerical problems on conversion of
measured and Voltmeter moving coil galvanometer to ammeter and
uses Arrangement voltmeter.
electrical
Properties of an ideal voltmeter Conduct activities to use multimeter correctly
measuring according to the appropriate situations.
instruments Changing the range of a voltmeter
accurately Ohm meter
and
protectively.
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Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
8.7 Uses Potentiometer Student will be able to
potentiometer Principle of potentiometer explains the facts to be considered in using 10
by setting up the Calibration of potentiometer potentiometer.
circuit Facts to be considered in using describes the principle of potentiometer.
appropriately. potentiometer uses potentiometer to compare electromotive
Uses of potentiometer forces and to compare resistances.
Comparison of uses potentiometer to determine internal
electromotive forces resistance.
Comparison of resistances compares advantages and disadvantage of using
Determination of internal potentiometer
resistance of a cell solves problems related to potentiometer.
Advantages and disadvantage of
using potentiometer
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Electromotive force induced in a rod alternating current generator.
rotating in a magnetic field Explain the formation of back e. m. f.
Electromotive force induced in a disc explains the purpose of starter switch.
rotating in a magnetic field explains the structure and function of a
Electromotive force induced in a transformer.
rectangular coil rotating in a magnetic carries out calculations related to transformers.
field and expression for maximum value explains elements of alternating current.
Alternating current generator States the relationship between r. m. s. value and
Arrangement peak value of the voltage of the voltage and
Graphical representation of the variation current.
of electromotive force with time explains transmission of electric power
Introduction to alternating current and qualitatively.
voltage carries out numerical calculations to solve
r.m.s value and peak value of current related problems.
and voltage.
Average power in watts in a resistive
circuits.
Eddy currents and their uses
Back e.m.f. of an electric motor
Demonstration of back e. m. f. of electric
motor
Effect of the back e.m.f. on the armature
current
Controlling the initial current /starter
swich
Transformers
Structure
Relationship between the number of
turns and the voltages of primary and
secondary coils for ideal transformers.
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Step-down and step-up transformers
Input and output power of the
transformer
The product VI, as input / output
power of a transformer
Energy loss in a transformer
Loss due to Joule heating
Loss due to eddy current
Method to minimize energy
loss.
Uses of transformers
Transmission of electric power
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Unit 9 - Electronics (40 periods)
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Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
9.2 Uses the Transistor Student will be able to; 14
action of Bipolar transistor explains the structure of npn and pnp transistors.
transistor for Structure and circuit symbol of npn describes the action of a npn transistor with
practical needs. and pnp transistors respect to electrons and holes.
npn transistor circuits describes with appropriate diagrams, the
Action of a transistor common base, common emitter and common
Circuit configuration collector configuration of a transistor.
Common base conduct experiments to interpret graphically the
Common emitter input, output and transfer characteristics of
Common collector common emitter configuration of a transistor.
Action of a transistor explains the biasing of npn transistors with
Investigating the suitable diagrams.
characteristics of common describes the action and uses of a transistor in
emitter configuration of a common emitter configuration as a current
transistor amplifier and as a voltage amplifier.
Input characteristic solves problems related to transistors.
Transfer characteristic describes the action of a transistor as a switch.
Output characteristic explains the structure, action and characteristics
Biasing a transistor of a n-channel and p-channel JFET.
Common emitter transistor explains voltage amplification of a n-channel
amplifier JFET using characteristic curer.
Current amplification
Voltage amplification
Common emitter transistor
switch
Unipolar transistor (JFET)
Structure of p-channel and n-channel
JFET
Action of n-channel JFET
characteristic
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Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
Student will be able to;
9.3 Investigates Operational amplifier identifies the pin numbers of operational 06
on the uses of Operational amplifier as an amplifier
operational integrated circuit (IC) describes the open loop characteristic of an
amplifier. Identification of pins operational amplifier.
Action of operational amplifier expresses the voltage gain of open loop state.
Characteristics of the open loop states the properties of operational amplifier.
state explains the purpose of negative feedback and
Uses of operational amplifier as a the effects on the gain of an operational
voltage amplifier amplifier.
Close loop state interprets graphically and with suitable circuit
Golden rules I and II diagrams the action of inverting and non-
Inverting amplifier inverting operational amplifier.
Non-inverting amplifier states the Golden rules I and II regarding an
Use of operational amplifier as a operational amplifier in operating in linear region
voltage comparator/ switch derives an expression for the voltage gain of
inverting and non - inverting amplifiers
explains the use of operational amplifier as a
voltage comparator.
solves problems related to operational amplifier.
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EXNOR gate explains basic feature of memory element using
Investigating the truth tables of NOR gates
basic logic gates explains the action of SR flip-flop using a truth
Logic expressions for simple table.
digital circuits (maximum of three
inputs)
Converting a given logic
expression to a logic gate circuit
Logic expression for a truth table
Designing simple logic circuits
Electronic memory
Single memory element with
NOR gates
Basic SR flip-flop (Bistable)
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Unit 10 - Mechanical Properties of Matter (40 periods)
43
Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
Correctness of formula through
dimensional analysis
Derivation of expressions for terminal
velocity
Object moving upwards
Object moving downwards
10.3 Uses the Surface tension Student will be able to; 15
knowledge on Definition of surface tension demonstrates the behavior of free surface of a
surface Angle of contact liquid using simple activities
tension to Relationship between nature of the explains the behavior of free surface of a liquid
explain the liquid meniscus and the angle of using inter-molecular forces
natural contact defines surface tension
phenomena Free surface energy obtain the relationship between surface energy and
and to fulfill Expression for the work done in surface tension.
the daily increasing the surface area of a describes the angle of contact with the help of
pursuits. liquid film isothermally diagrams.
Relationship between surface derives an expression for pressure difference
energy and surface tension across spherical meniscus in terms of surface
Expression for pressure difference tension and the radius of the meniscus.
across a spherical meniscus explains capillary rise using surface tension
Capillary rise phenomena.
Expression for capillary rise derives an expression for capillary rise in terms of
Determination of surface tension surface tension, angle of contact and radius of the
Using a microscope slide meniscus.
Capillary rise method conducts experiments to determine surface tension
Jaegar's method by using microscope slide method, capillary rise
method and Jaeger's method
solves problems related to surface tension.
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Unit 11 - Matter and Radiation (30 periods)
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Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
Failure of the classical physics to accepts that classical physics cannot be used to
explain photoelectric effect explain the results of the photoelectric effect.
Hypotheses put forward by Einstein to states Einsteins hypotheses
explain the photoelectric effect explains the photoelectric effect using photon
Explaining photoelectric effect theory.
considering energy quanta (photon) explains Einsteins photoelectric equation by
Work function introducing its terms.
Einstein's photoelectric effect equation relates threshold frequency to the work function.
Relationship between work function relates stopping potential to the maximum kinetic
and threshold frequency energy.
Relationship between stopping solves numerical calculation using photo electric
potential and maximum kinetic energy equation
explains why the maximum kinetic energy is
independent of intensity, whereas the
photoelectric current is proportional to intensity.
states that the photoelectric effect provides
evidence for a particulate nature of
electromagnetic waves.
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11.4 Uses X X rays Student will be able to; 02
rays to fulfill Production of X rays explains the discovery of X-rays
human needs. Properties of describes the method of production of X-rays
X rays explains the properties of X-rays
Uses of X rays explains qualitatively how X-rays can be used in
different fields (medical, industrial, et.).
11.5 Inquires Radioactivity Student will be able to; 06
about Natural radioactive decay explains the natural radioactivity and its
radioactivity Emission of - particles properties.
to fulfill Emission of - particles describes the radioactive decay, the radioactive
human needs. Emission of -rays disintegration law and the graph.
Radioactive disintegration law explains the decay constant, activity and half-life
Graphical representation time.
Decay constant explains the use of radioactivity in medicine,
Activity engineering, agriculture and radioactive dating.
Half life explains the background radiation, the health
Uses of radioactivity hazards and safety precautions.
Radioactive dating (C+14) Carry out numerical calculations to solve
In medicine, engineering and problems related to radioactivity.
agriculture
Health hazards of radiation and safety
precautions
Measurement of quantity of
radiation
Radiation dose (Gy)
RBE (Relative Biological
Effectiveness) / Q (Quality
Factor)
Effective dose (Sv)
Health hazards
time of expose
Area of the body which
exposed to radiation
Safety precaution
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Competency Competency Content Learning No. of
Level outcomes Periods
11.6 Inquires Atomic nucleus Student will be able to; 04
about the Stability of nucleus identifies the atomic structure, the nucleus,
nuclear Unified atomic mass unit the isotopes, nuclear notation and the
energy and its Mass defect atomic mass unit.
uses Einstein's mass energy equation compares the energy released in chemical
Binding energy reactions and nuclear reactions.
Graphical representation between atomic explains the nuclear fission and the process
number and binding energy of a nucleon of chain reaction which may be controlled
Comparison of energy released in chemical (nuclear power) or uncontrolled (atomic
reaction and nuclear reaction bomb)
Nuclear energy explains the nuclear fusion, its process,
Nuclear fission fusion reaction inside the sun/in other stars,
Action of an atomic bomb and the production of elements.
Action of a nuclear power station
Nuclear fusion
Conditions necessary for fusion
reaction
Fusion reaction inside the sun
Attempt of using fusion reaction for
producing energy
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4.0 Teaching - Learning Strategies
Global trend in present day education is to introduce competency based curricula which promote collaborative learning
through student-centred activities where learning predominates over teaching. It is intended for the students to actively
participate in activities which enhance the development of individual, social and mental skills. Emphasis is laid on the
following aspects.
The teacher has the liberty to follow any suitable teaching learning method to achieve the relevant learning outcomes.
It is expected that the theoretical components of each unit will be dealt with the relevant practical components, which are given in italics.
Capacity of students should be enhanced through extra-curricular activities, extensive use of supplementary reading materials and learning teaching aids
such as Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) software.
With a view to extending learning beyond the classroom activities and to highlight the students special abilities, it is expected to involve students in co-
curricular activities such as;
setting up school societies or clubs to pursue various aspects of chemistry
field trips to places where applications of chemistry can be observed and preparation of reports subsequently
organizing school exhibitions and competitions
organizing guest lectures on relevant topics by resource persons
producing school publications
organizing events such as debates, science days, etc.
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School management is responsible in providing services such as lab equipments, computer facilities, etc. and assistance within the school and from
outside resources.
In order to develop school policy and programmes it would be desirable to form a committee comprising relevant teachers and students.
Most importantly, the school should serve as a role model to be followed by the students.
School will develop its annual programmes, consisting of a variety of activities for achieving policy goals. In determining the activities to be undertaken
during a particular year, the school will need to identify priorities and consider feasibility in relation to time and resource constraints.
Assessment and Evaluation should conform to the standards set by the Department of Examinations. However, school-based assessment should also be part
and parcel as it paves way to give direct feedback to learners.
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