Rayner, and Second Lieutenants A.
K Honywood and within Mandabad where numerous walled compounds
W.R Olivey, all of the 66th, .Major Blackwood of E/B,
and Lieutenant T.R. Helm, commanding the Sappers, are
all known to have died fighting inside the walls of the
garden. Blackwoods medal pair, Figure 3, also part of
the Ritchie collection, sold at Dix Noonan Webb in the
March 2, 2005 sale for 18,000 pounds.
Figure 7: The obverse (left) and reverse of the Second
Afghan War Medal of Lieutenant R. T. Chute, one of the
Last Eleven At Maiwand (Courtesy of Dix
Noonan Webb).
News of the disaster reached Kandahar at 2:00 am and
Primrose ordered Brigadier H. F. Brooke to lead a small
relief force which departed around five oclock. By two
oclock in the afternoon of the 28th, Burrows and most
of the survivors were safe in the city.
Burrows lost some 43% of the forces engaged (Robson)
including 21 officers and 948 men killed and 8 officers
and 168 men wounded. The 1 st Bombay Grenadiers lost
64 percent, the 66th lost 62 percent, including twelve of
the nineteen officers present, the Sappers and Miners lost
60 percent, the cavalry only lost 11 percent, a testament
to the value of being mounted and perhaps to their lack
of determination. Despite their exposure on the field,
and the fight amongst the guns, E/B took only 23 percent
casualties, truly a tribute to their discipline as well as the
leadership of both Blackwood and Slade.
Most accounts put Ayubs losses at between 3,000 and
3,500 killed and wounded, but those figures are likely
somewhat exaggerated. Robsons estimate is between
2,500 and 3,000.
While there was much blame to go around for the defeat,
all sources agree that had Burrows wanted to break Ayub
against the British line, he would have been far better off
not to have crossed the main ravine, and stayed instead
26
could have anchored his defense. His second major error
was entrusting the exposed cutting edge of the left flank
to the two poorly trained, unsteady, companies of the 30th
Native Infantry Regiment. Several officers including the
commanding officers of the two cavalry regiments were
court martialed, but all were exonerated.
Two Victoria Crosses were awarded for Maiwand, both
to members of E/B, Royal Horse Artillery. Sergeant R
Mullane was decorated for rescuing a wounded soldier,
and Gunner J. Collins for bravery under fire during the
retreat toward Kandahar. Captain J. R. Slade was made
a companion of the Order of the Bath, and fifteen Distin-
guished Conduct Medals were awarded, including eight
to members of E/B Battery and seven to the 66th Foot.
The E/B medals were awarded to Driver J Bishop, Ser-
geant. T. Burridge, Trumpeter J. H. Jones, Quartermaster
Sergenat J. Munro, Sergeant Major W. Paton, Acting
Bombardier W. Payne, Corporal F. Thorogood, and Gun-
ner T. Tighe. The Paton Distinguished Conduct Medal
was illustrated in the second article of this series. Med-
als to the 66th Foot went to Private E. Battle, Private W.
Clayton, Private C. Kidgell, Sergeant Frederick Lovell,
Lance Corporal J. Martin and Lance Corporal F. Williams.
Medals awarded to Sergeant Lovell, the senior surviving
non-commissioned officer of the regiment, are shown in
Figure 4. This group was part of the Ritchie collection,
sold by Dix Noonan Webb on September 23, 2005.
The author previously reported that eighteen Distin-
guished Conduct Medals were awarded for Maiwand, but
recently uncovered an error in the Farrington casualty role
wherein medals awarded to members of the 7th Foot were
mistakenly presented as being awarded for Maiwand.
Since that regiment was not present at Maiwand, these
medals were most likely given for Deh Khoj ah where the
7th lost over fifty killed and wounded.
No campaign medal clasp was authorized for Maiwand,
and most medals of those present are found without
clasps. Some of the survivors of the 66th regiment
fought at the Battle of Kandahar on September 1, 1880
and received the clasp KANDAHAR. As in so many of
the Colonial battles, the difference between victory and
defeat was a fine line indeed. At Ahmed Khel, only a short
three months before Maiwand, General Donald Stewart,
attacked a 10,000 man Afghan army before all his forces
were positioned, and was slammed by a massive attack,
causing two native infantry units to buckle upon the 59th
Foot. Only the recovery of one of the native regiments
and the steadfastness of the 59th prevented Ahmed Khel
from turning into an absolute disaster. Even with the
JOMSA
inexperienced leadership, the lack of discipline among
the native regiments, and the inability of the Martini-
Henry to save the day, Burrows came close to having his
victory at Maiwand. It was later learned that the Afghan
infantry, devastated by their heavy losses, were in fact
close to leaving the field when the final ghazi charge
saved the day.
Of course, as always in colonial days, those who twisted
the tail of the British lion eventually paid the price. Prim-
rose sought revenge but achieved only marginal results on
August 16th when he directed a force led by Brigadier H.
F. Brooke to attack the village ofDeh Khojah. Brookes
undermanned force returned to Kandahar after suffering
heavy casualties. However, a relief force of over 10,000
led by Major General F. S. Roberts marched the 320 miles
between Kabul and Kandahar in 23 days and decisively
defeated Ayub and his army at the Battle of Kandahar on
September 1, 1880. Ayub escaped, returning to Herat
where he resided when the war ended and the British
departed Kandahar.
Authors Note: The photograph published in "The
British Second Afghan War Medals," Principal Engage-
ments, and Unit Casualties, JOMSA, Volume 57, Number
6, September-October, 2006 as Figure 13: Fort Battye
and the plains of Fattabad, appeared, by permission of
The British Library, 487(38). The author would again
like to express his thanks to Mr. Jamie Wilson, Director,
Spellmont Limited, publisher of Brian Robsons The
Road To Kabul The Second Afghan Wa~ 1878-188 and to
the author for their kind permission to reproduce the two
maps used in this article, and to the staffat the Old Church
Galleries, London for preparing and transmitting the
image of Frank Tellers 1882 painting, The Last Eleven
At Maiwand. In addition, special thanks to Dix Noonan
Webb for the use of the photographs of the Blackwood
group, the Lovell group, and the Chute medal, and to
Wioletta Madaj of Dix Noonan Webb for preparing and
transmitting the images. Lastly, for those wishing more
information on the Second Afghan War and the battle of
Maiwand, the author recommends Brian Robsons work
for a general account of the war and Leigh Maxwells
superb narrative of Maiwand.
Bibliography
Barthorp, Michael. Afghan Wars and The North- West Frontier 183 7-
1947. London: Cassell 1982. 184pp.
Farrington, Anthony The Second Afghan War 1878-1880 CasualO~
Roll London: The London Stamp Exchange. 1986. 189pp.
Heathcote, T.A. TheAfghan Wars 1839-1919. Staplehurst Spellmount
Limited. 2003.224pp.
Marston, Searle, and Rivington 1882, The Naval and Military Press,
Ltd. Reprint, date unknown. 274pp.
Maxwell, Leigh My God-Maiwand Operations of the South Afghani-
Vol. 58, No. 6
stan Field Force. London: Leo Cooper Ltd., 1979. 277pp.
OBalance, Edgar. Afghan Wars: Battles in a Hostile Land 1839-
Present. London: Brasseys 1993. 277pp.
Rees, Simon. The Long Road To Kandaha~: Military History Dec
2004 pp31-36 and 80.
Robson, Brian. The Road To Kabul The Second Afghan Wag 1878-
1881. Staplehurst Spelhnount Limited 2003. 312pp.
Shadbolt, Sydney H. The Second Afghan Campaign of 1878-1880
Historical Division. London Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, and
Rivington 1882. The Naval and Military Press, Ltd. Reprint, date
unknown. 352pp.
Shadbolt, Sydney H. The Second Afghan Campaign of 1878-1880
Biographical Division. London Sampson Lo~v,
The Second Afghan Wal; 1878-80. AbridgedOfficial History. London.
1908. 600+/-pp.
Wrigley, Carlton. "Saving The Guns, Maiwand, Afghanistan-July 27,
1880." Medal News, September 2002, pp14-15.
Book Review
Stein, Barry Jason, U.S. Army Patches, Flashes
and Ovals, An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Cloth Unit
Insignia. Insignia Ventures, 2007. 433 pages, illustrated,
hard or soft cover. Order online at http://WWW.
USMILITARYPATCHES.COM or call 203-618-0276.
$69.95 soft cover, and $95.00 hard cover plus postage.
This book is a must-have for United States medal
collectors with a collecting interest in the United States
Army. It provides a single source for 3600 Army cloth
unit insignia fiom World War I through January 2006. It
has 433 pages of text, and color illustrations. It is well
indexed. Included is a brief history of each active and
inactive unit, its period of service, short history, list of
campaign credits, and unit decorations. Pictured are both
the official and the unofficial worn cloth insignia by the
unit during its period of service.
This book also includes, for the first time, the more
recently created flashes and ovals. It covers Armies, Corps
Divisions, Brigades, Regiments, Battalions and even
some Companies that had their own cloth insignia. This
book is most useful for collectors doing displays or trying
to authenticate a medal group form the accompanying
insignia. I find it a valuable tool. It is a large format
heavy book and I would recommend spending the extra
money to get it in hard copy for those who plan to make
frequent use of the book.
Reviewed by Ronald E. Fischer
27
 THE SIR HENRY WELLCOME MEDAL

Steve Watts

My purpose is to show and describe one medal that
the Association of Military Surgeons of the United
States (AMSUS) awards to one of its members yearly.
Sometime ago I saw on eBay a beautiful cased copy of the
Sir Henry Wellcome Medal that was named to Lieutenant
Colonel Oscar Jardon M.D. As there appeared to be little
interest in the medal and as I was curious about the man
who earned it and why the medal was awarded to him, I
purchased the medal. Research indicated that the medal
was issued by the Association of Military Surgeons of
the United States (AMSUS).
for the competitive awards, of which there are 18. The
deadline for submissions is June 30th and awards are
presented at the annual meeting in November. Three
of the awards are essay awards for research and other
studies. There are five non-competitive awards, three
of which are lecture awards and two are The Founders
Medal and the Joel T. Boone Award. These two award
recipients are chosen for their service to the Association
over an extended period of time.
The competitive awards are divided into the following
categories:

Dental Awards:
Carl A. Schlack Award
Enlisted Awards:
Lewis L. Seaman Senior EnlistedAward for
Outstanding Operational Support (E-7 through
E-9)
Lewis L. Seaman Junior Enlisted Award for
Outstanding Operational Support (E-7 through
E-9)
Executive Leadership Awards:
Outstanding FederalHealthcare ExecutiveAward
Outstanding Medical InformationExecutiveAward

Medical Service Corps Awards:

Ray E. Brown Award
Walter R McHugh Award
Paul F. Truran Jr. Medical Material and
Figure 1: AMSUS membership medal (left), miniature Logistics Management Award
membership medal (top righO and lapel pin. Young Federal Healthcare Administrator Award

The Association of Military Surgeons of the United Nursing Awards:

States (AMSUS) was founded in 1891 and chartered by Clinical Nursing Excellence Award
Congress in 1903. It was originally an organization for
surgeons and physicians. However, today it is comprised Optometry Awards
of professionals serving in the full spectrum of health care The W. David Sullins, Jr. Award for Outstanding
service in Optometry
disciplines. This includes the United States Army, United
States Navy, United States Air Force, United States Public
Pharmacy Awards:
Health Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, United AMSUS Award for Excellence in Clinical
States Army Reserve, United States Navy Reserve, Pharmacy Practice
United States Air Force Reserve, Army National Guard, Andrew Craigie Award
Air National Guard, and the Coast Guard. It is open to
present and former military personnel. I was able to join Physicians Assistant Awards:
and have on display the association medal, ribbon, lapel Physician Assistant Award
pin, miniature medal, and civilian pin. (Figure 1)
Physician Awards:
John D. Chase Award for Physician Executive
AMSUS has an awards program that is broken down into
Excellence.
competitive and non competitive awards. Members are
Donald F. Hagen Young Physician Award
mailed nomination forms in the March issue of Military
Medicine and are encouraged to nominate individuals

28 JOMSA