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Liner Wear Measurement

LDM

The LDM is an innovative tool for safe, fast and accurate measuring of cylinder liner wear and clover-leafing.

By using the LDM it is possible to avoid unplanned off-hire and reduce overhauling costs through continual
monitoring of the cylinder condition. Furthermore, pre-inspection of the cylinder condition before a piston over-
haul will minimize downtime and cost.

TIME SAVING
Todays method of using a micrometer to determine liner wear will usually
take a 3-man team one long working day to measure 2 cylinders.

With the LDM, it will take one man 3 hours to measure 2 cylinders.

BENEFITS:
With the LDM it is possible to get an overview of several liners condition
during even a short port stay, as no engine disassembly is necessary.

The measuring results are instantly available in Micosoft Excel format, where the results are clearly presented
and 360o contour plots and trend plots easily can be prepared and shared. The results can be used as a stand-
alone measurement in connection with troubleshooting, before dry-docking or as a measurement in a series
to monitor the liner wear trend. The report format can be adapted by the customer or by Chris-Marine upon
request.

Further key features include:

Approved as checked baggage according to IATA 2015 regulations
Long-lasting battery user time: Approximately 13 hours of continuous usage without recharging

APPROVAL
The LDM was developed and tested in close cooperation with
end users as well as marine workshops, engine builders and
engine designers. Of significant importance was the cooperation
with market leading low-speed engine designer MAN Diesel &
Turbo.

As a result, MAN Diesel has issued a No Objection Letter as

well as an approval certficate for the latest version of the
measurement tool.
 COMPATIBILITY

SUITABLE FOR ALL 2-STROKE ENGINES

The LDM is suitable for all 2-stroke engines with 500 - 980mm bore, and offers fast and precise in-situ meas-
urement of cylinder liner wear and shape with no need to remove cylinder cover or dismantle critical engine
parts.

MAN SULZER MITSUBISHI

MC/ME-C/G RTA/RTFlex UE/UEC
50 50 50
60 52 52
65 58 60
70 60 68
80 62 75
90 68 85
95 72
98 76
82
84
96

USAGE
The Liner Wear measuring results can be utilized in different ways:

Shared Device
Liner measurement prior to dry-docking with a shared device, which will bring about lower transportaton and
spare part costs during docking.

Own device
Monitoring of each vessel in the companys fleet, which leads to early detections of high cylinder wear, and as
a result, lower costs for spare liners, pistons and rings.
EXAMPLES FOR USE
1. EARLY DETECTION OF ABNORMAL CYLINDER WEAR AND
VERIFICATION OF COUNTER-MEASURES

Abnormal cylinder wear can be caused by a variety of factors, such as:

New engine type
Slow-steaming
New lube oil type or feed rate
New bunker supplier (e.g. new route)
New route (humidity, temperature and load change)
Cat fines

In the above example, monthly LDM measurements were done for a new engine in units #1 and #2. The wear rate
was found to be too high (0.2 mm/1000h) and the root cause was traced as cold corrosion. The counter-measures
included introduction of a new lubricant and to increase the cylinder wall temperature. The result could be clearly
seen as reduced cylinder wear rate.

2. VERIFY CYLINDER WEAR BEFORE DRY-DOCKING

It is normal practise to measure cylinder liners prior to dry-docking to find out if the cylinders need to be reconditioned
(honed) or replaced during the docking.

Above, all six cylinders were first measured manually with micrometer on six different occations. During such
measurements, the cylinder cover must be taken off and the procedure takes about one day per cylinder for a three-man
team.

With the LDM, the same six cylinders could be measured on one working day and by one operator. The results were
very similar.
 EXAMPLES FOR USE
3. DETECT ABNORMAL CYLINDER DEFORMATION AND WEAR
BEFORE IT LEADS TO FAILURE
Clover shape and ovality can have different root causes, including cold corrosion and thermal deformation as a result
from uneven cylinder temperatures.

The LDM allows you to take corrective action before the cylinder condition becomes critical, thereby saving costs and
disturbance generated by emergency repair. Corrective actions often include adaptation of the cylinder cooling strategy
or cylinder lubrication strategy.

EXAMPLE 1:
11S90ME-C9

Cylinder 3, normal ovality. Cylinder 7, abnormal ovality.

The normal ovality shape for this engine is in A broken stay bolt at 135 degrees has caused
the port-starboard direction (0 degrees is port the ovality to rotate toward the broken bolt
in the plot).

EXAMPLE 2:
K98

Injection nozzle related wear. The three injectors have caused erosion in the cylinder liner, turning
it into a three-clover. The diameter in the P-S and F-A directions are identical so no abnormality is
picked up from a wear measurement. However, the clover measurement reveals that the cylinder is
in poor condition and in need of honing or replacement

EXAMPLE 3:
RT FLEX 96

The image shows two clover-leafing measurements at

79 mm and 298 mm below top ring TDC.

Some clover shape can be seen at 79 mm with peaks

about 0.10 mm higher than the valleys. Such a wear
pattern will generate blow-by and eventually collapsed
or broken piston rings when the piston ring pack cannot
seal tightly against the cylinder liner.

Cylinder honing can restore the cylinder condition.

METHOD

HOW IT WORKS:

A height meter indicates the piston level.

The height meter is wired to an interface box.
The interface box has an antenna connected to it.
The antenna is inserted into the combustion chamber through a hole in
the cylinder cover.
The interface box communicates wirelessly with the measurement arm
and base and a hand-held computer (PDA).

The measurement base locks against the liner with a

support leg at each measurement level.
The rotating measurement arm can measure wear
(4 radii, 1 minute) or clover (36 radii, 4 minutes) on each level.
The liner wall temperature is measured with an IR sensor and compared with the
internal device temperature

WEAR MEASUREMENT DIRECTIONS

One reference measurement is taken just above the

scavenging ports. Max wear
point
Liner wear is then measured in depth positions of interest.
Several measurements are taken around the maximum wear position to
ensure that the maximum wear is found.
Up to 60 radii clover leafing possible anywhere

Reference

RECOMMENDED MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Use wear-edge tracing function for appropriate resolution.

Add measurement levels at 200, 300 and 400 mm to catch wear trend but do not
measure lower than that if the cylinder cover is on (to avoid confusing results).

After completing recipe, measure clover on maximum wear / deformation level (to verify
normal ovality direction).

Above method will yield 12 measurement levels and takes about 1-1.5 hour per cylinder
 REFERENCES

REFERENCES
Selected references include:

Engine Designers:
MAN Diesel & Turbo
Winterthur Gas & Diesel (Sulzer)
Diesel United

Container / Ro-Ro:
MSC
Wallenius
COSCO
APL
Rickmers

Bulk / Tanker:
dAmico
Hammonia
Anglo-Eastern
UECC

Workshops:
MAN Singapore

ADDITIONAL

DIFFERENT ENGINE SIZES

The LDM can be adjusted to suit additional bore sizes by using extra parts:

Support leg (3)

Support beams (4)
Counter-weight (35, 37)

Calibration is mandatory when changing bores.

CALIBRATION KIT
For customers using the LDM for more than one bore size, it is neces-
sary to purchase the calibration kit, which consists of a calibration rig and
micrometer packed in a case.

The kit is to be kept in the workshop, where the LDM can be calibrated
before the crew goes onboard the vessel.
 SWEDEN
Chris-Marine AB
Stenyxegatan 3
PO Box 9025
SE-200 39 Malm
Tel: +46 - 40 671 2600
Fax: +46 - 40 671 2699
info@chris-marine.com

DENMARK
IOP Marine A/S
Engager 7
DK-2605 Brndby
Tel: +45 - 4498 3833
Fax: +45- 4498 1125
contact@iopmarine.dk

SINGAPORE
Chris-Marine (S) Pte. Ltd.
46 Lokyang Way, Jurong
Singapore 628646
Tel: +65 - 6268 8611
Fax: +65 - 6264 3932
chrism@chris-marine.com.sg

P.R. OF CHINA
SOLUTIONS FOR THE FUTURE Chris-Marine Trading
(Shanghai) Co,. Ltd.
Room 311, No.1 Building,
No.288 Wu Hua Road,
For five decades we have designed, manufactured and sold maintenance machines Shanghai 200086
for diesel engines. Today these machines are world-renowned for being operator Tel: +86 - 21 6575 9331
Fax: +86 - 21 6575 9552
friendly and of high quality. Now and since the 1960's, quality, reliability and usability info.cn@chris-marine.com
remain to be our key trademarks. INDIA
Chris-Marine Rep Office India
House no.70, Cosmos Town
We are constantly growing and are represented with offices worldwide and well- Trimurty Nagar, Ring Road
equipped workshops in Singapore, Shanghai, Sweden and Denmark. Nagpur-440022
State: Maharashtra; India
A close cooperation with local agents also helps us to serve our customers Tel/Fax No. +91 712 2242719
info.in@chris-marine.com
independent of their location.
JAPAN
IOP & Chris-Marine Japan Office

WELL EDUCATED AND DEDICATED STAFF Kobe Kokusai Kaikan 22 Fl.,

8-1-6 Goko-dori
Chuo-ku, Kobe, 651-0087
Tel: +81 - 78 570 5642
130 well educated men and women worldwide are working to improve our products Fax: +81 - 78 570 5601
info.jp@chris-marine.com
and services. They are constantly increasing the quality, the hallmarks of
Chris-Marine and IOP Marine. ECUADOR
Amazonas 14-192 y pasaje 2,
San Rafael, Quito
Ecuador, South America.
Tel.no: +593 979 000 379
info.ec@chris-marine.com
H047-1546E