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PERCENTAGE
Percent implies for every hundred. We can easily express any percentage figure as a
decimal fraction by dividing it by 100 & on the other hand, any decimal fraction can be
converted to the percentage by multiplying it by 100.

Eg: Fraction 1/3 Percentage 1/3 100 = 33.33%

Percentage 20%Fraction 20/100 = 0.2

Percentage increase = Actual Increase / Original Value 100

Percentage decrease = Actual Decrease / Original Value 100

Q: 1 What percent of 50 is 200?

(a) 50% (b) 100% (c) 200% (d) 400% (e) None of these

Sol: x% of 50 is 200

x / 100 50 = 200

x / 2 = 200

So, x = 400%

Ans: (d)

Q: 2 Aman secured 80% of the total marks & got 640 marks. How many marks did a student
who secured 90% get?

(a) 720 (b) 750 (c) 800 (d) 850 (e) None of these

(80 / 100) x = 640

(4 / 5) x = 640
x = 800

So, 90% of x = 720

Ans: (a)

Q: 3 A military force lost 10% its men in war, 10% of the remaining due to illness and 10%
of the rest were disabled. Thus, the strength was reduced to 729000 active soldiers. Find the
original strength.
(a) 1000000 (b) 1250000 (c) 1400000 (d) 1700000 (e) None of these

Sol: Let initial men 100

Men lost in war = (10 / 100) 100 = 10

Men lost in diseases = (10 / 100) 90 = 9
Those who are disabled = (81 / 100) 90 = 8.1
So, Remaining men = 72.9
When 72.9 remaining, total men = 100
When 729000 remaining, total men = 1000000
Ans: (a)

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Q: 4 A man sold two TV sets, one at 10% profit and loses 10% on the other. In the whole
transaction, there is
(a) Neither loss nor gain
(b) Profit of 1%
(c) Loss of 1%
(d) Profit of 2%
(e) None of these

Sol: When two items are sold at the same S.P with one being sold at x% profit & the other
being sold at x% loss, then there is an overall loss percentage that is given by (x2 / 100) %.
So, in this problem, overall loss = 102 / 100 i.e. 1%
Ans: (c)

Q:5 A shopkeeper sold a shirt for Rs.1,380 at a loss of 8%. At what price should it be sold to
gain a profit of 8%?
(a) Rs. 1580 (b) Rs. 1620 (c) Rs. 1660 (d) Rs. 1720 (e) None of these

Sol: (92 / 100) x = 1380

x = 1500
108 % of x = (108 / 100) 1500
=Rs. 1620
Ans: (b)

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