2017/1/17 InsidetheTOEFLTestReadingInsertTextQuestion

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InsidetheTOEFLTestReading
InsertTextQuestion

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Michael

Intro
[musicplaying]

Michael:Hi,I'mMichaelfromETS.TodayonInsidetheTOEFLTest,we're
goinginsidetheTOEFLiBTReadingsection.Specifically,theInsertText
questions.

Onscreen:
InsidetheTOEFLTestReading
InsertText

Michael:TheInsertTextquestionsaredesignedtoshowthatyouunderstandthe
logicalorderofideasinareadingpassage.

Onscreen:InsertTextunderstandthelogicalorderofideasinareadingpassage

Michael:Inthereadingsection,everyreadingpassagehasoneInsertText
question.Butinsteadofchoosingfromalistof4choices,likewithmostReading
questions,youwillclickononeofthe4blacksquarestoinsertthetextintothe
paragraph.

Onscreen:
InsertTextoneforeachreadingpassage

Lookatthefoursquares[]thatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecanbe
addedtothepassage.

Somecompaniesinthepowerindustryareawareofthiswiderpossibilityand
areplanningsizablewindfarmprojectsinstatesotherthanCalifornia.

Wherewouldthesentencebestfit?

Since1980,theuseofwindtoproduceelectricityhasbeengrowingrapidly.Some
companiesinthepowerindustryareawareofthiswiderpossibilityandare
planningsizablewindfarmprojectsinstatesotherthanCalifornia.In1994there
werenearly20,000windturbinesworldwide,mostgroupedinclusterscalled
windfarmsthatcollectivelyproduced3,000megawattsofelectricity.Most
wereinDenmark(whichgot3percentofitselectricityfromwindturbines)and
California(where17,000machinesproduced1percentofthestate'selectricity,
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2017/1/17 InsidetheTOEFLTestReadingInsertTextQuestion

enoughtomeettheresidentialneedsofacityaslargeasSanFransico).In
principle,allthepowerneedsoftheUnitedStatescouldbeprovidedbyexploiting
thewindpotentialofjustthreestatesNorthDakota,SouthDakota,andTexas.
Largewindfarmscanbebuiltinsixmonthstoayearandtheneasilyexpandedas
needed.Withamoderatetofairlyhighnetenergyyield,thesesystemsemitno
heattrappingcarbondioxideorotherairpollutantsandneednowaterforcooling
manufacturingthemproduceslittlewaterpollution.Thelandunderwindturbines
canbeusedforgrazingcattleandotherpurposes,andleasinglandforwind
turbinescanprovideextraincomeforfarmersandrachers.

Clickasquaretoinserttext
Changelocationasneeded

Michael:Duringtherealtest,youcanchangethelocationofthesentenceasmany
timesasyouneedto,soyoucanseehowitworksineachofthefourplaces.

Onscreen:Since1980,theuseofwindtoproduceelectricityhasbeengrowing
rapidly.In1994therewerenearly20,000windturbinesworldwide,most
groupedinclusterscalledwindfarmsthatcollectivelyproduced3,000megawatts
ofelectricity.Somecompaniesinthepowerindustryareawareofthiswider
possibilityandareplanningsizablewindfarmprojectsinstatesotherthan
CaliforniaMostwereinDenmark(whichgot3percentofitselectricityfromwind
turbines)andCalifornia(where17,000machinesproduced1percentofthestate's
electricity,enoughtomeettheresidentialneedsofacityaslargeasSanFransico).
Inprinciple,allthepowerneedsoftheUnitedStatescouldbeprovidedby
exploitingthewindpotentialofjustthreestatesNorthDakota,SouthDakota,
andTexas.
Largewindfarmscanbebuiltinsixmonthstoayearandtheneasilyexpandedas
needed.Withamoderatetofairlyhighnetenergyyield,thesesystemsemitno
heattrappingcarbondioxideorotherairpollutantsandneednowaterforcooling
manufacturingthemproduceslittlewaterpollution.Thelandunderwindturbines
canbeusedforgrazingcattleandotherpurposes,andleasinglandforwind
turbinescanprovideextraincomeforfarmersandrachers.

Onscreen:Samplequestion

Michael:Here'sasampleInsertTextquestion,andthecorrespondingparagraph.
Notethatthesentencesays"Thisisthecriterion"Andit'simportanttolookfor
pronouns.Thepronounhereis"this,"sothereisprobablysomethingabouta
criterionintheprevioussentence.
Ifweinsertthesentenceatsquarenumber4,theprevioussentencetalksabout
"thestandardcriterion,"andthefollowingsentencesays"Yetanequally
importantcriterion".Sothat'salikelychoice.Andwhenyoureadthosesentences
together,thesentencesdoflowlogically.Sothisisthecorrectanswer.

Onscreen:Lookatthefoursquares[]thatindicatewherethefollowing
sentencecanbeaddedtothepassage.

ThisisthecriterionemphasizedbyDarwin'stheoryofevolutionbynatural
selection.

Wherewouldthesentencebestfit?

Impactsbymeteoritesrepresentonemechanismthatcouldcauseglobal
catastrophesandseriouslyinfluencetheevolutionoflifeallovertheplanet.
Accordingtosomeestimates,themajorityofallextinctionsofspeciesmaybedue
tosuchimpacts.Suchaperspectivefundamentallychangesourviewof
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2017/1/17 InsidetheTOEFLTestReadingInsertTextQuestion

biologicalevolution.Thestandardcriterionforsurvivalofaspeciesisits
successincompetingwithotherspeciesandadaptingtoslowlychanging
environments.ThisisthecriterionemphasizedbyDarwin'stheoryofevolutionby
naturalselection.Yetanequallyimportantcriterionistheabilityofaspeciesto
surviverandomglobalecologicalcatastrophesduetoimpacts.

Michael:Onetipforimprovingyourreadingistoreallyknowyourpronouns,and
topracticematchingthemtothewordstheyrefertoinatext.Hereareafewof
themostcommonpronounsthatyouwillseewhenyouread.

Onscreen:SkillBuildingTipknowyourpronouns

This/these
That/those
They/them
Him/her
He/she/it
Which

Michael:TherearelotsofwaystoimproveyourEnglishskills.Whateveryoudo,
keeppracticing.AndgoodluckonyourTOEFLtest.

Onscreen:FormoreinformationabouttheTOEFLtestandtoregister,visitthe
TOEFLwebsiteatwww.toeflgoanywhere.org
[END]

Totallengthofvideo:2:14

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