CHAPTER - 1

INTRODUCTION

A warehouse is a commercial building for storage of goods. Warehouses are used

by manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc. They are
usually large plain buildings in industrial areas of cities, towns and villages.
They usually have loading docks to load and unload goods from trucks. Sometimes warehouses
are designed for the loading and unloading of goods directly from railways, airports, or seaports.
They often have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are usually placed
on ISO standard pallets loaded into pallet racks. Stored goods can include any raw materials,
packing materials, spare parts, components, or finished goods associated with agriculture,
manufacturing and production.
In the given project, we have designed a warehouse based on the given dimensions and
considering the all the factors affecting it.
The location of the site is SVNIT, Surat as prescribed in the problem statement.The warehouse is
rectangular in nature and the dimensions are 36x16 m2. The designed life span of the structure is
50 years.The spacing between the trusses is 4.5 m. The span of the truss is 16m and the center
rise is 3.2m. The height of the truss from the ground level is 10m.The roofing material used is
AC sheet.
DESIGN OF TRUSS
The truss is selected according to the span of the building. According to our span which is of
16m, Howe truss is selected as Howe truss is suitable for span from 10-20 m.
DESIGN OF PURLINS

LOAD CALCUATION
1. DEAD LOAD
Weight of the AC sheet: 170 N/mm2
Weight of the Purlin: 100N/mm2
Total dead load: 270 N/mm2
Spacing of purlin: 1.45m
Total load: Spacing of purlin*Dead load
=270*1.45
=391.5N/mm
Total weight of the purlin: 100*1.45
=145N/mm
Weight of roofing material: 170*1.45
= 246.5 N/mm
Weight of roof truss: 103.33kN/m2
= 4006.58kN
Brays: 12N/m2
= 12*38.77
= 465.28N
Total Dead Load = 14943.64N
Dead Load on one principal plane: 14943.64/3
= 4.981kN

2. LIVE LOAD
= (7.5-.2(0.1))
=514N/mm2

Full P.P: 4.429kN

End P.P:2.214kN

3. WIND LOAD
= 1.45kN/m2

TOTAL LOAD : 56.329kN

P.P:18.776kN
E.P.P:9.388kN
 Design of Connection

For Principal Rafter,

Maximum Load: 125.731kN
For Main Tie,
Maximum Load: 111.44kN
For Vertical Member,
Maximum Load: 45.724kN
For Inclined Member,
Maximum Load: 60.519kN

Assuming M16 bolt, fub: 400N/mm2

Strength in single shear: 29kN
Strength in double shear: 58kN

Assuming 8mm gusset plate, fu: 410N/mm2

End Distance: 40mm
Pitch: 50mm

e
=0.7 4
3 d0

p
25=0.65
3 d0

f ub
=0.975
fu
 Hence, kb : 0.65 for each case.
Principal Rafter and Main Tie Connection:
As the bolt is in double shear,
Assuming section to be large and thickness more than 4mm and angle is double, so strength is
governed by gusset.
Now, bearing strength of bolt is given as,
V B =2 k b dt

V B =20.65168

VB = 68.22kN
As min of Shearing and Bearing strength is to be considered,
V = 58kN
Now, No of bolts required,
In Principal Rafter: 126/58
= 2.17 3 bolts
In Main Tie: 112/58
= 1.93 2 bolts

Connection of Vertical Member and Main Tie:

As the vertical member is assumed to be single angle, so bolts in it are in single shear.
Assuming thickness of ISA to be 6mm,
Shearing strength of bolt: 29kN
Bearing strength,
V B =20.65166410

= 57.56kN > 29kN

No of bolts in vertical member: 46/29
= 1.58 2 bolts
Connection of Inclined Members:
As the inclined member is assumed to be single angle, so bolts in it are in single shear.
Assuming thickness of ISA to be 6mm,
Shearing strength of bolt: 29kN
Bearing strength,
V B =20.65166410

= 57.56kN > 29kN

No of bolts in vertical member: 60/29
= 2.06 2 bolts

Design of Member Section

Design of Principal Rafter (for tension)
Design load: 125.731kN
Check load: 95.091kN
Now, Tdg = 126kN
T dg 1.1
A g=
fy

= 532.4mm2 (2ISA)
For section ISA Ag = 266.2mm2
Based on area, take ISA 65456,
Ag = 6.25cm2
Total Ag = 12.5cm2
Check for yielding strength,
Ag f y
T dg=
m0

= 284kN > 125kN

Check for shear lag,
An f u
T d=
m1
 = 242kN >125kN
Check for block shear,

Check for compression