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Physics (from Ancient Greek: v physis "nature") is a natural science that involves the study
of matter and its motion through space-time, along with related concepts such as energy and force.
More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe
behaves.
Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines, perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astro-
nomy. Over the last two millennia, physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry,
certain branches of mathematics, and biology, but during the Scientific Revolution in the 16th cen-
tury, the natural sciences emerged as unique research programs in their own right. Physics intersects
with many interdisciplinary areas of research, such as biophysics and quantum chemistry, and the
boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined. New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental
mechanisms of other sciences, while opening new avenues of research in areas such as mathematics
and philosophy.
Physics also makes significant contributions through advances in new technologies that arise from
theoretical breakthroughs. For example, advances in the understanding of electromagnetism or nu-
clear physics led directly to the development of new products which have dramatically transformed
modern-day society, such as television, computers, domestic appliances, and nuclear weapons; ad-
vances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization; and advances in mechanics
inspired the development of calculus.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics
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Electronic address: datorresg@unal.edu.co; URL: http://www.diego-torres.co
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I. INFORMACIN GENERAL
II. OBJETIVOS
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III. HORARIO
En la semana habr tres sesiones de 2 horas cada una, magistrales los das lunes y
jueves, las clases de talleres sern los martes y los mircoles de acuerdo al horario del
grupo asociado.
Evaluaciones:
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V. CONTENIDOS
1. Oscilaciones Armnicas.
1) x(t) = x0 cos (t + )
2) Frecuencia, periodo, fase y amplitud.
3) Ejemplo 1: masa atada a un resorte.
a 0 x + k
m
x =0
b 0 Solucin de la ecuacin de movimiento.
d ) Fase y amplitud.
b) Algunos ejemplos:
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1) Elasticidad y modulo de Young.
2) El pndulo.
3) El pndulo fsico.
4) El pndulo de torsin.
5) Oscilaciones de resortes con masa.
1) Decaimiento de la energa.
2) Factor de calidad (Q).
3) Amortiguamiento critico.
c) Fenmenos transientes.
e) Ejemplos de resonancias:
1) Resonancia elctrica.
2) Resonancia ptica.
3) Resonancia nuclear.
4) Resonancia magntica nuclear.
f ) Osciladores no armnicos.
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c) Caso general para N osciladores acoplados: Diagonalizacin de las ecuaciones de
movimiento (valores y vectores propios).
8. Reflexin y Refraccin
a) Principio de Huygens. Interfaz plana entre dos medios. Leyes de reflexin (Snell)
y refraccin. Principio de Fermat.
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9. Interferencia
10. Difraccin
Los telfonos celulares deben ser apagados durante la clase. Si un telfono suena
durante la clase se har un quizz .
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Eventos causados por parte de alumnos, que interrumpan el buen desarrollo de la
clase, sern considerados como actos de irrespeto y sern tratados con el mayor de los
rigores.
Preparar las clases, preguntar, y repasar lo visto en clase es fundamental para un buen
desempeo acadmico.
IX. BIBLIOGRAFA
[1] A.P. French, Vibrations and waves, W.W. Norton & Company (1971).
[2] D. Klepnner and R. Kolenkow, An Introductio to Mechanics, Cambridge University Press
2010, 5th printing 2012.
[3] Ademar Gilberto Grohes, Mecnica Vibratria, Segunda Edio, editora Unisinos, 2005.
[4] Marcos Moshinsky, The harmonic oscillator in modern physics: From atoms to quarks,
Publisher: Gordon and Breach (1969).