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Explain the decisions an organization makes and the information needed to make them.
Identify the information that passes between internal and external parties and an AIS.
Explain what an accounting information system (AIS) is and describe its basic functions.
System
A set of two or more
interrelated components
interacting to achieve a
goal
Goal Conflict
Occurs when components
act in their own interest
without regard for overall
goal
Goal Congruence
Occurs when components
acting in their own interest
contribute toward overall
goal
Information is processed
data used in decision
making.
Too much information
however, will make it
more, not less, difficult to Information
make decisions. This is
known as Information
Overload.
Benefits Costs
Reduce Uncertainty Time & Resources
Improve Decisions
Produce Information
Improve Planning Distribute Information
Improve Scheduling
Benefit $s > Cost $s
Necessary characteristics:
Relevant
The capacity of information to make a difference in a
decision by helping users to form predictions about the
outcomes of past, present, and future events or to
confirm or correct prior expectations.
Reliable
The quality of information that assures that information is
reasonably free from error and bias and faithfully
represents what it purports to represent.
Complete
The inclusion in reported information of everything
material that is necessary for faithful representation of the
relevant phenomena.
Timely
Having information available to a decision maker before
it loses its capacity to influence decisions.
Understandable
The quality of information that enables users to perceive
its significance.
Verifiable
The ability through consensus among measurers to
ensure that information represents what it purports to
represent or that the chosen method of measurement
has been used without error or bias.
Accessible
Available when needed (see Timely) and in a useful
format (see Understandable).
Human
Expenditure
Resources
Production
Revenue
Expenditure
Production
Human Resources
Financing
GiveGet exchanges
Accounting = AIS
Data
Software
Improve Efficiency
Reduce uncertainty.
Firm
Infrastructure Technology
Human Purchasing
Resources
Organizations need to
understand:
IT developments
Business strategy
Organizational culture