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MIDI channel 10 is the drum channel on most MIDI synthesizers. On the drum channel,
different notes are interpreted as different drum sounds, instead of being different pitches of a
particular instrument. Instead of using Program Change messages to switch between different
instruments, on the drum channel they are used to choose a drum kit. Program Change 1 is
the Standard Drum Kit on most synthesizers. Below is a Drum kit patch map for the GM
Standard Drum Kit. Note that most synths have additional drum sounds below and above this
range of notes.
In addition to note numbers (for example, 60,61,62), PG Music software often refers to note
names (for example, C5, Db5, E5). For reference, note 60 = C5 = middle C.
36 C3 Bass Drum 1
38 D3 Acoustic Snare
40 E3 Electric Snare
45 A3 Low Tom
47 B3 Low-Mid Tom
48 C4 Hi-Mid Tom
50 D4 High Tom
53 F4 Ride Bell
54 Gb4/F#4 Tambourine
55 G4 Splash Cymbal
56 Ab4/G#4 Cowbell
57 A4 Crash Symbol 2
58 Bb4/A#4 Vibraslap
59 B4 Ride Cymbal 2
60 C5 (middle C) Hi Bongo
62 D5 Mute Hi Conga
64 E5 Low Conga
65 F5 High Timbale
67 G5 High Agogo
69 A5 Cabasa
70 Bb5/A#5 Maracas
71 B5 Short Whistle
72 C6 Long Whistle
74 D6 Long Guiro
75 Eb6/D#6 Claves
76 E6 Hi Wood Block
79 G6 Open Cuica
81 A6 Open Triangle
82 Bb6/A#6 Shaker
41 Brush Kit
Some Yamaha synths use a somewhat different map for the brush sounds. On these synths:
Note #25 is a Brush tap.