1550Cover.

fm Page 1 Tuesday, October 5, 1999 3:02 PM

1550 Transmitter - NA15T Series

and 1550 EDFA - NA25E Series
Procedures Manual
1550 EDFA
1550 EDFA

1550 Transmitter
1550 Transmitter
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C-COR
1550 Transmitter - NA15T Series
and 1550 EDFA - NA25E Series
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1550 Transmitter - NA15T Series and 1550 EDFA - NA25E Series:

Copyright 1999 C-COR.net Corp. All rights reserved.
C-COR Document Number: MX0860 Revision B
C-COR, C-COR.net, and FlexNet are registered trademarks of C-COR.net Corp.
Navicor and CNM are trademarks of C-COR.net Corp.
All other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
Contents and specifications within this manual are subject to change without notice.

For additional information:

Call C-CORs Technical Customer Service (TCS) Department Monday through Friday during
business hours
(8 AM to 5 PM ET [+5GMT]):
State College Office: +1-814-231-4422
Toll Free (US and Canada only): 800-233-2267
Hotline (Emergencies Only): +1-814-238-0427

Write to us at:
C-COR.net Corp.
Attn: TCS Department
60 Decibel Road
State College, PA 16801
USA

Visit us on the World Wide Web at:

http://www.c-cor.com

To give us feedback on this document:

Send an e-mail to techpubs@c-cor.com mentioning the document number and page number(s) to
which the feedback applies.
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1.0 Introduction
This document details the installation and operation of the Navicor 1550 Externally Modulated 1RU
Transmitter (C-COR NA15T Series) and the Navicor 1550 Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier or EDFA (C-COR
NA25E Series). The transmitter converts RF signals to optical signals on optical fiber. The EDFA amplifies
an input from several optical fibers and outputs it to one optical fiber. For specifications other than those
shown here, consult the specification sheets for the individual model and consult C-COR as necessary to
define link performance.

Table 1. Transmitter (NA15T series) Input/Output Specifications

Wavelength 1550-1560 nm NA15T-x-xA0xxx
15523 nm NA15T-x-xB1xxx
15553 nm NA15T-x-xB2xxx
Frequency Range 40-862 MHz
79 NTSC Channel 243 dBmV
RF Input
42 Channel Cenelec 263 dBmV
RF Input
High Output
Transportation Distribution Extended Range
Distribution

(NA15T-S) (NA15T-T) (NA15T-D) (NA15T-E) (NA15T-H)

Output Power 7.0/6.0 7.0 8.5/8.5 7.0 10.5/10.5
(dBm) Second output is 6.0 but
(Output 1/Output 2) does not give similar CSO
performance
Range at specified 65 km 65 km 35 km 65-100 km 45 km
performance (40.6 mi) (40.6 mi) (21.9 mi) (40 - 62 mi) (27.9 mi)
(Output 1/Output 2) with an with an at both outputs when used in conjunction at both outputs
assuming 0 dBm immediately immediately with an immediately
arriving at Receiver following following following EDFA, and an
(2 dBm for EDFA EDFA EDFA at 45 km (27.9 mi).
NA15ST-x-xBxxxx) Longer distances are possible
with reduced performance.
SBS Suppression 16 16 EDFAs can be 13 12
Limit (defines the used if launch
maximum dBm of power into fiber
input by any EDFA is >12dBm.
within the link) Output of EDFA
must be split.

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Table 2. EDFA (NA25E series) Basic Input/Output Specifications

Input Power 0 to 12 dBm
Wavelength 15555 nm
Model Number NA25E-
13S 16S 19D 19L 22D 22L 24D 24L
Output
19.0 22.0
(dBm Typical) 13.3 16.3 16.0 15.5 15.25 24.0
0.25 0.25
with 3dBm Input
15.5 at 15.3 at 14.75
Output
each of each of at each
(dBm min) 13.0 16.0 18.5 21.5 23.5
2 the 4 of 6
with 3dBm Input
outputs outputs outputs

Table 3. Environmental / Powering (for Transmitter and EDFA)

Dimensions
Weight
Optical Connector Types
Storage Temperature
Operating Temperature
Operating Humidity
AC Powering
DC Powering (-48VDC)
Width: 48.3 cm (19.0 in)
Height: 4.4 cm (1.75 in)
Depth: 35.6 cm (18.6 in)
9.1 kg (20 lbs) maximum
FC/APC, SC/APC
E2000/APC
-25 C to 70 C
0 C to 50 C
20% to 85% non-condensing
90 to 260VAC, 50/60 Hz
-36 to -60VDC

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1.1 Statement of Warranty

C-COR shall, at its expense, correct any defect in material and workmanship in products manufactured by
C-COR which may appear within the warranty period, as set forth herein. C-COR MAKES NO OTHER
REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY OTHER KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH
RESPECT TO THE GOODS, WHETHER AS TO MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE OR ANY OTHER MATTER.
The warranty period is as follows:
1. Distribution electronics, such as amplifiers, main line passives, and power supplies: five (5) years
from date of shipment.
2. AM fiber optic products: three (3) years from date of shipment.
3. Cable Network Manager (CNM) network management software and associated equipment:
fifteen (15) months from date of shipment. Network Management Transponders (NMT): warranted
as unit in which they are installed for a maximum of three (3) years. When installed in unit already
in the field, NMT will have remaining warranty of that unit, up to three (3) years and no less than
one (1) year.
4. Terminal, modem, and translator products: one (1) year from date of shipment.
5. Specialty goods manufactured in C-CORs Equipment Service Center: CATV products: three (3)
years from date of shipment; DATA products: one (1) year from date of shipment.
6. All other goods: ninety (90) days from date of shipment.
C-CORs warranty shall not cover fuses, batteries, and lamps. It does cover transistors and integrated circuits
to the extent that C-COR is warranted by the original manufacturer. Modifications or alterations of C-COR
products (including but not limited to installation of non-C-COR equipment or computer programs) except
as performed by C-COR or its authorized representative, will void this limited warranty.

1.2 Conventions
The following symbols are used throughout this document:

Note: Read for added information and reminders. A note can tell you when a service
! interruption could occur.

Caution Caution: Equipment damage may result if instructions are not followed.

Warning Warning: Personal injury could result if instructions are not followed.

Laser Warning for Service Group SG3b: Disconnected optical connectors may emit
DANGER
laser light invisible optical radiation. Avoid direct eye exposure to the beam. Laser light, visible or
invisible, can seriously injure eyes or even cause blindness.

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1.3 Network Management

1550 EDFA and Transmitters will be compatible with C-CORs Cable Network Management (CNM)
system (to be added by C-COR). Call C-COR for more information.

1.4 Statements of Compliance

FCC Compliance:
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
FDA Compliance:
This device complies with 21 CFR 1040. Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other
than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.
OSHA/ANSI Compliance:
This device complies with ANSI Z136.2.
CE Compliance:
This device conforms to the protection requirements of Council directive 89/336/EEC on the approximation
of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility.

6 Introduction MX0860 Revision B

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1.5 Tools and Materials

Table 4 describes the tools, equipment, and materials that may be required to maintain the 1550 EDFA and
transmitter. Anyone performing the procedures in this manual is expected to be familiar with the appropriate,
safe use of these tools. Tools or equipment with superior specifications may be substituted for those listed.

Table 4. Tools and Materials

Tools/Equipment Required Characteristics Uses

Torque wrench/driver
Up to 66 in-lbs (4.0 to 7.5 Nm), with
interchangeable 7/16 inch or 11 mm
hex socket, Phillips, flat blade, and
TORX or TORX PLUS bits
Strand mounting, housing closing,
tightening various fasteners; C-
COR recommends torquing all bolts
and screws to the appropriate values
whenever specified

Nutdriver* 7/16 inch (11 mm) Housing opening and closing

Phillips screwdriver #2 Centerseizure screws, module cover

screws, power supply and
transponder hold-down screws

TORX or TORX PLUS T15 (TORX) or 15 I.P. (TORX may be required for small fasteners
driver PLUS)

Flat blade screwdrivers 1/4 inch, 5/16 inch may be required for small fasteners

Fuse puller Non-conductive (C-COR Part Fuse removal and installation

Number FP-1)

Compressed air non-residue, inert gas, ultra-filtered Fiber cleaning

to <0.2 microns; recommended for
optical systems

Lint-free cloth and 99% Fiber cleaning

isopropyl alcohol
*
An 11 mm nutdriver or wrench can normally be used in place of a 7/16 inch tool if the bolt and nutdriver are manufactured
to nominal across the flat tolerances. A non-fit will occur if the nutdriver is manufactured to minimum dimensions and the
bolt head to maximum dimensions.

Small, hold-down screws may be Phillips head screws or TORX PLUS head screws. Use the appropriate driver.

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1.6 FDA/ANSI Classifications

The wavelengths of light typically transmitted through the optical fibers used in hybrid fiber/coaxial cable
(HFC) architecture fall in the infrared band of the light spectrum and are not visible to the human eye. Lasers
that generate beams of very intense light are classified according to their optical power. Optical receivers and
transmitters are, thus, classified according to the laser radiation associated with the respective optical module.
Refer to Section 1.2 for laser warnings.

Laser Class Power Comments

1 Considered to be incapable of producing damaging radiation levels

(Exempt) during operation or maintenance.

2 < 1mW Emits in the visible portion of the spectrum (400 to 700nm). Normal
(Low) blink reflex (aversion response to bright light) provides adequate eye
protection.
Divided into subclasses 2 and 2a:
Subclass 2 lasers are not capable of emitting accessible radiation
greater than the Class 1 Accessible emission Limit (AEL) when
0.25 seconds is used as the exposure duration.
Subclass 2a lasers do not emit radiation that exceeds the Class 1
AEL for an exposure duration of 1000 seconds.

3 1mW Hazardous under direct and specular reflection viewing conditions.

(Medium) 500mW Diffused reflection usually not a hazard. Not a fire hazard.
Divided into subgroups 3a and 3b:
Subclass 3a lasers are potentially hazardous only if the output is
collected and focused into the eye or onto the skin.
Subclass 3b lasers produce acute eye hazards even at the shortest
exposure duration.

4 > 500mW Poses hazards to the eye and skin not only from direct beam but also
(High) from diffused reflection. Can be a fire hazard.

ANSI/FDA ANSI
Optical modules Optical Power/Wavelength
Laser Class Service Group

Transmitters between 6 and 8.5mW of Class 3b SG3b

NA15T series 1550 10nm radiation

EDFAs between 13 and 22mW of Class 3b SG3b

NA25E series 155010nm radiation

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2.0 Fiber Care and Cleaning

The fiber optic medium does not suffer from problems associated with copper-based coaxial cables, such as
electromagnetic interference and increasing loss of signal power at higher frequencies and cable lengths.
However, the ability of the optical fiber, a thin, flexible strand of silica glass, to enable light to travel through
it with as little impedance as possible depends on the purity of the glass, the manner of its construction, and
its care during handling, splicing, and installation. The information in the following sections should be
considered before installation. Consult Recommended Practices for Optical Fiber Construction and Testing
published by the Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers (SCTE) for further information.

2.1 Fiber Handling

Bare fibers are extremely sharp and can easily break. SCTE recommends wearing both
gloves and safety glasses while preparing fiber optic cable and also properly disposing
of broken optical fibers to avoid injury to the skin or eyes.
Caution
Use caution when handling fiber (for example, feeding fiber connectors through housing
ports and managing fiber within housings), to avoid a bend radius of less than 2 inches
(50 mm) in the fiber leads.

Often fiber optic cable must be unreeled before installation. SCTE recommends the figure-eight method to
avoid twisting or bending. For shorter lengths of fiber cable (~2000 feet or 600 meters), remove the fiber cable
from the reel, and coil it on the ground into a figure-eight about 15 feet (4.5 meters) in length, with coils
5 feet (1.5 meters) in diameter. For longer lengths of fiber cable, coil the fiber cable into a figure-eight about
30 feet (9 meters) in length, with coils 10 feet (3 meters) in diameter. Use cardboard shims between sections
of fiber cable at the crossover locations of the figure-eight to relieve excess pressure.
Singlemode fiber, typically used in HFC architecture, is composed of an 8m glass core, surrounded by
100-200m of cladding, which protects the core and serves to bend the optical energy back into the core. The
cladding is protected by a 1mm plastic buffer coating. To ensure that the integrity of the cladding and glass
core are maintained, proper handling of the fiber cable is required.
When installing fiber optic cables in ducts, on above-ground strands, or underground:
do not exceed the fiber cable manufacturers maximum pulling tension
do not exceed the fiber cable manufacturers minimum bending radius
do not subject the fiber cable to crushing forces.
If cable specification documents are not available from the system manager, pulling tension should not exceed
600 pounds (~273 kg) during installation of non-connectorized fiber optic cable. The general minimum
bending radius for a fiber cable under tension is 20 times the diameter of the fiber cable. The general
minimum bending radius for a fiber cable not under tensionand in fiber management within a fiber optic
nodeis 10 times the diameter of the fiber cable. When securing connectorized fiber leads within node
housings with cable ties, use caution to avoid crushing the plastic buffer or cladding.

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2.2 Fiber Cleaning

Using compressed air improperly on fiber cable connectors or bulkhead connectors can
scratch the fiber endface or leave a residue and thereby degrade signal performance.
Caution
Dust caps do not keep connectors completely free of dust or contaminants. Perform the
procedures below each time fiber is handled and connections are made.

The quality of interconnections in fiber optic systems must be comparable to that of the optical fiber itself to
minimize attenuation and, thus, maximize the performance of the link. Connector loss, typically measured for
a mated pair of connectors, is caused by several conditions, such as lateral offset, end separation, angular
misalignment, and core diameter mismatch. Ensuring a clean optical fiber connection is critical.
The presence of dirt or lint at the interface between two fibers degrades performance significantly. Keep the
ends of fibers covered with dust caps when not in use to protect the fiber endfaces from dirt or damage.
Always follow standard laser safety procedures when handling or cleaning fiber and fiber cable connectors.

2.2.1 Cleaning Fiber Cable Connectors

Use compressed air with at least the following specifications:

Non-residue, inert gas for precision dust removal
Ultra-filtered to <0.2 microns
Caution Recommended for optical systems.
Follow the manufacturers directions and cautions when using compressed air to clean
fiber connectors.
Do not tilt, invert, or shake the can of compressed air during use.

1. Wipe the fiber tip with a lint-free cloth (such as Kimwipes) moistened with 99% isopropyl alcohol.
2. Wipe the fiber tip with a new dry lint-free cloth or the dry side of the same lint-free cloth.
3. Hold the can of compressed air specified above in an upright position, at an angle to the fiber tip,
and about 6 inches away from the connector.
4. After spraying a few short bursts at the fiber tip, the connector is clean and ready for connection.
2.2.2 Cleaning Bulkhead Connectors
1. Remove the bulkhead connectors dust cover if necessary.
2. Hold the can of compressed air with the specifications above about 6 inches away from the bulkhead
connector.
3. After spraying a few short bursts directly into the connector, the connector is clean and ready to
accept a fiber connector.

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2.3 Fiber Connectors

Before connecting fiber cable connectors to bulkhead connectors, use an optical power
meter to ensure that the received optical power is within the specified range.
Received optical power greater than the specified maximum level can damage forward
optical receivers.
Caution FC connectors must have a keyway no wider than 2.03 +0.05
0.00 mm.
When feeding fiber connectors through housing ports, do not pull the assembly by the
connectors. Instead, gently push the connectors through the entry ports.
Do not overtighten fiber stub cable connector bodies. Do not use wrenches. Use hand
pressure only.

Optical bulkhead connectors are extremely fragile. After cleaning, use caution when joining fiber cable
connectors to bulkhead connectors. (Refer to Figure 1 for types of fiber cable connectors.)
In particular, FC/UPC and FC/APC fiber connectors have special requirements. FC connectors must be
installed into or removed from the bulkhead connector by unscrewing the retainer and inserting/withdrawing
the fiber tip straight into or out of the bulkhead connector (see Figure 2). The fiber tip must not be inserted or
withdrawn at an angle. Inserting or withdrawing the fiber tip at an angle may damage the ceramic sleeve
inside the bulkhead connector. A damaged ceramic sleeve may completely inhibit laser signal transmission.
All ceramic sleeves in FC/UPC and FC/APC connectors have a uniform slot running the length of the sleeve.
Do not mistake this manufactured slot for a crack, which will have uneven edges. An example of an unbroken
ceramic sleeve and examples of damaged ceramic sleeves are shown in Figure 2.

FC/APC SC/APC
(angled tip) E2000
(angled tip)

Figure 1. Connector Types

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Fiber Tip

Installing/removing fiber connector Unbroken ceramic sleeve

(ensure that fiber tip enters parallel to (with slot visible)
ceramic sleeve in bulkhead connector)

Ceramic sleeve cracked and completely Section of ceramic

collapsed along the connector sleeve broken out within the connector

Figure 2. Bulkhead Connector Installation and Damage Examples

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3.0 Unpacking
All units are inspected before shipment and found to be free of mechanical and electrical defects.
1. Unpack all units.
2. Keep all packing materials until your inspection is complete. When possible, save the shipping
container for future reshipment and/or storage.
3. Examine all units for any damage due to transit.
If damage is discovered, file a claim with the carrier immediately. Notify your C-COR representative as soon
as possible. Product deemed defective by the original purchaser must be returned to C-COR prepaid in the
original packing material (or equivalent) with a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from the C-COR
Equipment Service Center (+1-814-231-4444).

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14 Unpacking MX0860 Revision B

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4.0 Mounting the Units in a Rack

The following steps are designed to be performed in sequence. Refer to Figure 3 as necessary.

Standard
EIA 19 inch
rack

Figure 3. Mounting Units in a Rack

1. Place the module into the rack following these guidelines:
Maintain 1.75 inches (1 rack unit) of vertical space between a transmitter module and other
units within a rack
EDFA units do not require space in between for mounting
Do not block the front or back panel of any module
Maintain sufficient space in front of and behind the rack for air circulation.
2. Align the mounting holes on the front flange of the module with the corresponding holes in the rack.
3. Install and tighten screws securely.

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5.0 Transmitter Controls and Indicators

16
1

20
17 18
15
2

19
15
14

14
3
Front View (AC and -48V Models)

13

13
Rear View (AC Model)

Rear View (-48V Model)

6

4
5

12

12
11

11
7

10
10
8

Figure 4. Navicor 1550 Transmitter

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Table 5.
Item Label
1 STATUS LED
2 LASER keyswitch
3 MOD ADJUST
4 MANUAL LED
5 CW
MX0860 Revision B
Transmitter Controls and Indicators
Function
LED lights green to indicate that RF is present and that the transmitter is
functioning normally with laser active.
LED lights yellow (Minor Alarm) to indicate a parameter that will not cause
damage or affect operation of the transmitter, but may be near an operational
limit.
LED lights red (Major Alarm) to indicate a parameter that could affect the
operation of the transmitter.
Alarms are generated for Laser Temperature, Laser Bias Current, Laser Cooler
(TEC) Current, Manual Shutdown State, Keyswitch state. The transmitter will
shut down under certain conditions. After shutdown, the transmitter may
power up again if the monitored values return to normal.
ON positionLaser is enabled when the key is turned to this position. The
STATUS LED will flash yellow for a few seconds when keyswitch is turned,
indicating the laser is not in a steady state.
OFF positionLaser is offYellow STATUS LED should not be lit.
Allows adjustment of the RF signal level of carriers before they are modulated
onto the optical fiber(s) when the unit is in MANUAL mode. Pressing the
recessed and buttons, raises or lowers the RF signal level by ~0.25 dB
for each press of a button. The recessed RESET button resets the modulation
index back to the default, factory-preset level.
The LED panel at the left shows the amount of change in LED segments that
each indicate ~0.5 dB of signal change. Illuminated segments above the center
markings indicate a setting above the preset level. Illuminated segments below
indicate a setting below the preset level. Refer to Section 10.2 for information
on distortion effects when adjusting RF Modulation.
LED lights when in Manual mode. Manual mode provides a constant gain. In
Manual mode, the modulation index can be adjusted with the MOD ADJUST
controls.
LED lights when in Continuous Wave (CW) mode. CW mode sets up an
appropriate RF level for the number of carriers specified on the specification
sheet. When different channel loads are applied to the unit, the Automatic
Gain Control (AGC) maintains constant total band power (meaning fewer
carriers will cause the AGC to increase the carrier amplitude of the remaining
channels to maintain the same total amount of power). This mode is normally
used for certain FCC tests and to manually verify that performance is within
specified limits.
Transmitter Controls and Indicators 17
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Table 5. Transmitter Controls and Indicators (continued)

Item Label Function
6 VIDEO LED LED lights when in Video mode. In Video mode, the AGC accounts for power
and carrier peak level changes associated with carrier modulated envelopes
and maintains proper RF gain through the path to provide correct operation
with actual carriers.
7 (none) Pushing this recessed button changes the AGC mode to the next mode in the
sequence VIDEO, CW, or MANUAL as shown by the adjacent LEDs.
8 RF TEST POINT Outputs -200.5dB from the input RF level.
9 OPTICAL (1 and 2) Connection location for output fiber with the proper type of optical connector
(FC/APC, SC/APC, or E2000/APC) for the purchased model.
10 RS - 232 Reserved for future use.
11 RF INPUT F-connector for accepting a maximum of 60dBmV composite RF input to the
unit.
12 MONITOR RS-485 connection. Reserved for future use.
13,14 MANUAL If a jumper does not connect the screws at 13 and 14, the unit will not start up.
SHUTDOWN/
ACTIVE HIGH
15 I/0 On/Off switch. Allows full shut off of the unit (i.e., no electrical power entry).
16 INPUT POWER IEC AC standard three-pronged, UL approved plug for power input to unit.
17 -48V Provides input connection from -48V power source.
18 -48VRTN Provides return connection to -48V power source.
19 FUSE 2A Provides overcurrent protection.
20 GROUND Common ground.

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6.0 Setting Up a Transmitter

Laser Warning For Sevice Group SG3b: Disconnected optical connectors may emit
DANGER
laser light invisible optical radiation. Avoid direct eye exposure to the beam. Laser light, visible or
invisible, can seriously injure eyes or even cause blindness.

Warning Never turn on a laser transmitter if all optical connectors are not covered.

RF signal input levels in excess of +60 dBmV @ 1 NTSC channel loading can damage
transmitter components. Ensure that RF Input is less than 60 dBmV @ 1 NTSC channel
loading. Derate the maximum RF input levels according to channel loading.
You can find the maximum RF level per channel for a given NTSC/PAL channel loading
by using the following equation where n equals number of channels:

Analog Input Level (dBmv) = 10 log --- + 60 dBmv

1
n
Caution
(PAL will be within 0.15 dBmV of the correct value using this equation.)
This calculation is used only to determine the input level where transmitter damage may
occur. Operation outside of the RF input level shown in the specification sheet may
degrade transmitter performance. Refer to Figure 5.
Using mismatched connectors will damage the connectors and degrade system
performance. Transmitters are available with FC/APC, SC/APC, or E2000/APC
bulkhead connectors. Ensure that each fiber has a matching connector. Refer to Figure 1
for a picture of the various optical connectors.

The following describes normal operation conditions:

When the transmitter is in the Video or CW mode, there is an RF automatic gain control
(AGC) that maintains a constant total RF power to the laser. For example, with a
recommended RF level of 24 dBmV for 79 channels, if the number of channels are
! reduced by half to 40 channels, the AGC will automatically compensate by raising the
internal gain by 3 dB.
If it is desired to maintain a constant RF level, as the number of channels changes, it is
recommended that the transmitter be operated in the manual modethis maintains a
constant RF gain in the transmitter.

1. Turn the LASER keyswitch to the OFF position.

2. Verify that the RF input levels to all transmitters are correct using a signal level meter. Refer to
Figure 5. See the appropriate specification sheet for recommended RF input levels.

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The 4 values above represent 40 channels NTSC & PAL, 60 channels PAL, 79 Channels NTSC,
and 112 channels NTSC respectively

Figure 5. Analog Input Levels

3. Connect the RF cable to the F-type, RF input connection on the back panel of the transmitter as per
your system map.
4. Verify that the correct type of optical connector (FC/APC, SC/APC, or E2000/APC) is attached to
the optical fiber. Clean both the bulkhead and fiber connectors. Refer to Section 2.0, Fiber Care and
Cleaning, for connector diagrams and cleaning information.
5. Connect optical fiber(s) to the optical output connections on the back panel.
6. Connect and energize the appropriate external power sources by attaching a UL approved AC power
cord to the AC power receptacle on the rear panel of the module (refer to Figure 4).
7. Turn on the power to the unit by placing the I/0 (on/off) switch in the I (on) position. The ON light
should flash yellow briefly until the laser reaches a steady state.
8. Turn the LASER KEY SWITCH on.
9. For most applications, set the AGC mode to VIDEO to allow the transmitter to automatically
compensate for routine variations in the incoming signal. It may take several minutes for the laser to
deliver at rated output levels. If operating the transmitter in a mode other than VIDEO, refer to
Section 10.2 for more information on the effects of changing the optical modulation index.

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7.0 EDFA Controls and Indicators

Front View (AC

3 2 1
4
5

Rear View (AC Model)

6 7 9
8

Rear View (-48V Model)

11 12 15
10 13 14 17
16
19
18

Figure 6. Navicor 1550 EDFA Controls and Indicators

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Table 6. EDFA Controls and Indicators

Item Label Function
1 STATUS LED Green indicates adequate optical input power is present and the pump(s)
are functioning normally.
Yellow (Minor Alarm) indicates a parameter that will not cause damage or
affect operation of the EDFA unit, but may be near an operational limit.
Red (Major Alarm) indicates a parameter that could affect the operation of
the transmitter.
The EDFA will shut down under certain alarm conditions. After shutdown,
the EDFA may power up again if the monitored values return to normal.
Refer to Table 7 for descriptions of alarm states.
2 LASER keyswitch ON positionPumps are enabled and can provide optical amplification
when the key is turned to this position. The STATUS LED will flash
yellow for a few seconds when the keyswitch is turned, indicating the
pumps are not yet in a steady state.
OFF positionPump(s) are off. Yellow LED should not be lit.
3 DISPLAY/NEXT Pushing this button changes the LCD described in Item 5 to the next
display mode. The display will read ALARM with a short description in
case of an alarm. Refer to Table 7 for descriptions of alarm states. The
display modes are as follows:
Pwr In gives the input optical signal level in tenths of a dBm
Pwr Out gives the output optical signal level in tenths of a dBm
P1 Bias gives the status of pump 1 in the amplifier
P1 Temp gives the temperature of pump 1 in the amplifier
P2 Bias gives the status of pump 2 in the amplifier
P2 Temp gives the temperature of pump 2 in the amplifier
Unit Temp gives the temperature of the interior of the unit
Keyswitch shows the position of the keyswitch (ON or OFF)
Pwr Supply gives the status of the power supply
Model gives the C-COR model number of the unit
S/N gives the C-COR serial number for the unit
Rev gives the revision level of the unit

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Table 6. EDFA Controls and Indicators (continued)

Item Label Function
4 and buttons, and raise or lower the output of the unit in increments of 0.25dB per
RESET each press of the button. The output can be adjusted from -1.0dBm to:
+0.5: 13 to 16dBm
+.25: 19 to 24 dBm
around the factory-preset output level. RESET returns the output to the
factory-preset level. When the output is altered, the Pwr Out mode will
automatically display on the LCD. It takes a few seconds for the effects of
each adjustment to be displayed.
5 (none) LCD that displays status information. Can be used with the
DISPLAY/NEXT button.
6 OPTICAL 1 is the connection location for the input fiber, 2 is the output fiber with the
(1 and 2) proper type of optical connector (FC/APC, SC/APC, or E2000/APC) for
the purchased model. (Two and four output versions not shown).
7 RS - 232 Reserved for future use.
8 I/0 On/Off switch. Allows the unit to be fully shut off (i.e. no electrical power entry).
9 INPUT POWER IEC AC power plug for connection to a standard three-pronged, UL
approved power plug with in-line fuse holder.
10 OPTICAL - Connection location for input and output optical fiber with the proper type
IN, OUT of optical connector (FC/APC, SC/APC or E200/APC).
11 RS-232 Reserved for future use.
12 MONITOR RS-485 connection. Reserved for future use.
13, MANUAL If jumper does not connect the screws at 13 and 14 the unit will not start
14 SHUTDOWN/ up.
ACTIVE HIGH
15 I/O On/Off switch. Allows full shut off of the unit (i.e., no electrical power
entry).
16 -48V Provides input connection to -48V power source.
17 -48VRTRN Provides return connection to -48V power source.
18 FUSE 2A Provides overcurrent protection.
19 GROUND Common ground.

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8.0 EDFA Alarm Descriptions

The EDFA will shut down under certain conditions. After shutdown, the EDFA may power up again if the
monitored values return to normal.

Table 7. EDFA Alarm/Status Descriptions

Flashing Yellow Flashing Red

Green
Parameter WRNG ALRM
(Normal)
(Minor Alarm) (Major Alarm)

Pwr In* gives the input Above 0 dBm Between 0 and -2 dBm Below -2dBm
optical power level in
dBm

Pwr Out gives the output Within 1 dBm Between 1 and 2 Over 2 dBm
optical signal level in of rated output dBm from rated output from rated output
dBm

P1 Bias gives the status Display reads OK Greater than 90 %, Fault appears if both
of pump 1 in the display reads hardware and software
amplifier WRNG:P1 Bias HI faults occur that allow
bias limits to be
exceeded.
Greater than 95 %,
display reads
ALRM:P1 Bias HI

P1 Temp gives the 20o C (68 F) to No alarm limit Greater than

temperature of pump 1
30o C (86 F) 30o C (86 F) or
less than 20o C (68 F)
the pump shuts down.
When temperature
stabilizes within the
above parameters the
unit automatically
restarts.

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Table 7. EDFA Alarm/Status Descriptions (continued)

Flashing Yellow Flashing Red

Green
Parameter WRNG ALRM
(Normal)
(Minor Alarm) (Major Alarm)

P2 Bias gives the status Display reads OK Greater than 90 %, Fault appears if both
of pump 2 display reads hardware and software
WRNG:P2 Bias HI faults occur that allow
bias limits to be
exceeded.
at 0%, display reads
Greater than 95 %,
WRNG:P2 Bias LO display reads
ALRM:P2 Bias HI

P2 Temp gives the 20o C (68 F) to No alarm limit Greater than

temperature of pump 2
30o C (86 F) 30o C (86 F)
or
less than 20o C (68 F)
the pump shuts down.
When temperature
stabilizes within above
parameters, the unit
automatically restarts.

Keyswitch shows the Switch in ON position Normal flashing at Switch in OFF

position of the keyswitch start-up until pumps position
(ON or OFF) are in a steady state

Pwr Supply gives the Display reads OK 10% from nominal If there is a power
status of the power supply Display reads supply fault of 20%
WRNG:PS FAULT the display reads
ALRM:PS FAULT
*Absolute maximum rating: Input power not to exceed rated output power.

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9.0 Setting Up an EDFA Unit

Laser Warning for Service Group SG3b: Disconnected optical connectors may emit
DANGER
laser light invisible optical radiation. Avoid direct eye exposure to the beam. Laser light, visible or
invisible, can seriously injure eyes or even cause blindness.

Warning Never turn on an EDFA unit if all optical connectors are not covered.

Input optical power of over 12 dBm can overdrive and damage the EDFA unit.
Using mismatched connectors will damage the connectors and degrade system
performance.
Caution
EDFAs are available with FC/APC, SC/APC, or E2000/APC bulkhead connectors.
Ensure that each fiber has a matching connector. Refer to Figure 1 for a variety of
optical connectors.

1. Using an optical power meter, verify that the optical input level on any input fiber does not exceed
12 dBm.
2. Verify that the correct optical connector is attached to the optical fiber. Clean both the bulkhead and
fiber connectors. Refer to Section 2.0 for connector diagrams and cleaning information.
3. Connect optical fiber(s) to the optical input connection(s) on the back panel of all Forward and
Return Path Receivers.
4. Connect and energize the appropriate external power sources by attaching a UL approved AC power
cord to the AC power receptacle on the rear panel of the module (refer to Figure 4).
5. Turn on the power to the unit by placing the I/0 (on/off) switch in the I (on) position.
6. Turn LASER KEY SWITCH on.
7. (Wait 5 minutes) Verify proper power-up by observing the LEDs on all energized modules. A
synopsis of all LED indications is given in Table 5.

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10.0 General System Performance Considerations

EDFA
(optional)
Transmitter Receiver
RF Input RF Output

Figure 7. A Fiber Optic Link with EDFA

10.1 A Quick Overview of a Fiber Link

A fiber optic link consists of a transmitter, the fiber itself, a receiver, and any other components in between
(splitters, EDFAs, etc.). System performance is the relationship between the input RF signal and the recovered
output RF signal and depends on:
RF modulation placed on the optical carrier by the transmitter
Optical attenuation between transmitter and receiver (including EDFA units)
RF output signal level
Performance characteristics of the individual system components:
Laser Transmittersrefer to product specification sheets
Optical Receiversrefer to product specification sheets
Other Componentsrefer to product specification sheets
Fiber conditions
The optical fiber should have all discrete reflections (connectors, fusion splices, etc.)
at least 55 dB down. Interference between discrete reflections can cause noise and
distortion.
The fiber should be free of any wavelength-dependent loss. This loss can cause
distortion due to the inherent wavelength modulation of the laser.
The fiber should be free of any tight bends. Tight bends can cause localized effects in
the fiber that create distortion of the signal.

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10.2 Effects of Adjusting Transmitter RF Modulation Depth and EDFA

Output Levels
Refer to the individual component descriptions for information on how to adjust the transmitter RF
modulation depth or EDFA output level.

At the receiver output, RF signal:

At the transmitter, as RF
modulation is:
CNR CSO CTB and XMOD

Increased 1 unit Improves 1 unit Degrades 1 unit Degrade 2 units

Decreased 1 unit Degrades 1 unit Improves 1 unit Improve 2 units

At the EDFA, when output is: At the receiver output, RF signal CNR:

Increased 1 unit Improves 1 unit

Decreased 1 unit Degrades 1 unit

10.3 Effects of Attenuation in a Fiber Link

Attenuation within optical fiber is the result of scattering and absorption losses and will vary among different
types and makes of fiber cable. The condition of the fiber can also affect the amount of attenuation. Refer to
Section 2.0 for information on proper fiber care and cleaning. Refer to the manufacturers specifications for
cable loss information.
Optical attenuation between the transmitter and receiver affects the intensity of the optical signal striking the
photodiode within the receiver. The more the light is attenuated over the fiber, the more that CNR decreases,
but other distortion characteristics are relatively unaffected. Ensuring the least amount of added optical
attenuation possible between a transmitter and a receiver (while not overdriving the receiver) provides the
greatest possible CNR for the link.
The allowable amount of optical attenuation within a span of optical fiber is bound by a maximum and a
minimum limit, derived from the maximum and minimum optical input levels of the receiver. The maximum
attenuation allowed, sometimes referred to as the Link Budget, is the difference between the transmitter output
level and minimum input level required by the receiver. The minimum attenuation allowed is the difference
between the transmitter output level and the maximum input level specified for the receiver.

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Table of Contents List of Figures

1.0 Introduction Connector Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Statement of Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Bulkhead Connector Installation and Damage Examples . . . . 12
Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Mounting Units in a Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Network Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Navicor 1550 Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Statements of Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Analog Input Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Tools and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Navicor 1550 EDFA Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
FDA/ANSI Classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 A Fiber Optic Link with EDFA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.0 Fiber Care and Cleaning
Fiber Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Fiber Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Fiber Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.0 Unpacking
4.0 Mounting the Units in a Rack
5.0 Transmitter Controls and Indicators
6.0 Setting Up a Transmitter
7.0 EDFA Controls and Indicators
8.0 EDFA Alarm Descriptions
9.0 Setting Up an EDFA Unit List of Tables
10.0 General System Performance Considerations
A Quick Overview of a Fiber Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Transmitter (NA15T series) I/O Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Effects of Adjusting Transmitter RF Modulation EDFA (NA25E series) Basic I/O Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Depth and EDFA Output Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Environmental/Powering (Transmitter and EDFA) . . . . . . . . 4
Effects of Attenuation in a Fiber Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Tools and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Transmitter Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
EDFA Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
EDFA Alarm/Status Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

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