In existence:

o Military Service Drone :

http://www.military.com/equipment/drones

Drones or UAVs have been in use to accomplish military missions for a number of decades. In the recent
years, the use of UAVs in the military service has advanced.

UAV such as Pioneer RQ-2A (Image) has been in use since late 1980 to provide field commanders with
real-time reconnaissance, surveillance, target acquisition, and battle damage information. Ground
controllers pilot the aircraft over its 185-kilometer range. Its small size and composite materials make it
difficult to detect visually and on radar.

In addition to the capabilities of Pioneer RQ-2A, U.S Navy has developed a more advanced drone to
replace Pioneer RQ-2A called RQ-8A Fire Scout (Image) that can find tactical targets, track and designate
targets and provide accurate targeting data to strike platforms such as strike aircraft, helicopters and
ships.

MQ-1B Predator is the widely popular drone used in the military services. It is an armed, multi-mission,
long-endurance remotely piloted aircraft deployed primarily as an intelligence-collection asset and now
provides a unique capability to perform strike, coordination and reconnaissance against high-value,
fleeting, and time-sensitive targets.
 o Industrial Inspection:

http://www.onyxstar.net/industrial-inspection-drone/

https://www.microdrones.com/en/applications/areas-of-application/inspection/

Industrial infrastructures have always been challenging places to run and monitor, as being complex,
wide and sometimes dangerous. Because of that, conducting inspections in such environments has
always been a slow process that required a lot of time while endangering workers lives. Due to the
economic and safety issues that requires plants to be fully functional all the time, the traditional method
had to be improved.

This is why professionals of the sector have rapidly adopted drones. By being easy to operate, adaptive
and efficient, UAVs or drones saves precious time on inspection missions.

Oil pipeline inspections

Gas pipeline inspections
Solar installation inspections
Detection of the spread of algae
Power line / cable inspections
Cooling tower inspections
Forestry
Critical infrastructure inspections
Wind turbine inspections
Bridge inspections
Counting of animal populations
Train line inspections
Monument inspections
Radiation measurement
Radiation monitoring
 o Drone Photography and filming:

https://www.undertheradardrones.com/single-post/2017/07/13/THE-IMPORTANCE-OF-HIRING-
EXPERIENCED-DRONE-PHOTOGRAPHERS

One of the most exciting developments in photography space in the last few years is the drone. While
there are many different makes and models of aerial photography drones, the general goal is the same.
They have the ability to hover, follow set flight paths, fly out of your line of sight, and get extremely
stable footage from angles that are impossible with traditional cameras.

Using a drone in photography, you can get shots from great distances, making photos or videos of
landscapes, waterfalls, city skylines, and other large features more complete and beautiful. The smooth
and stable quality of the videos that drones can take make them superior to most hand-held cameras
and devices, which is an advantage in many situations ranging from weddings to commercials. A drone
offers a different perspective from traditional, on-the-ground cameras.
 o Drone Delivery :

Drone adoption is growing rapidly among both consumers and companies, and the retail industry is
leading the way in that adoption. Drones could serve different purposes for retailers, but drone delivery
(which is exactly what it sounds like: products delivered by drone) is the most well-known and readily
apparent.

Drone delivery services show enough potential that Amazon, Alphabet, and other tech giants are hailing
it as the future of e-commerce fulfilment. Many major retail and logistics companies around the world
are testing drone delivery services and drone delivery systems to solve the problem of "last mile"
deliveries.

In addition, some companies have already taken the first step... Drone delivery pizza became a reality in
November 2016 when Domino's, with its drone delivery partner Flirtey, dropped off an order at a
customer's door at 11:19 a.m. in Whangaparaoa, New Zealand, 25 km north of Auckland. (If you are
curious, the first pizza drone delivery was an order of a Peri-Peri Chicken Pizza and a Chicken and
Cranberry Pizza.)

Pizza drone delivery is one thing, but when the largest e-commerce company in the world starts toying
with the idea of using UAVs to fulfil orders, that is another story entirely.

Amazon plans to deliver customers' orders within 30 minutes through its Prime Air delivery program,
which would blow away its two-day Prime shipping and two-hour Prime Now deliveries.

As a result, Amazon has been trying to get out ahead of the drone delivery market by launching its Prime
Air program in 2013. The e-commerce giant tested its first drone deliveries in the U.K. in 2016 with just
two customers who lived nearby an Amazon fulfilment centre near Cambridge.

In poorer countries where roads are dust in the summer and impassable mud in the rainy season people
die for want of basic medicines. Drones can be used to deliver small payloads of medicines to remote
villages.
 o Drones in Agricultural Sector:

https://www.technologyreview.com/s/526491/agricultural-drones/

The total addressable value of drone-powered solutions in all applicable industries is significant. Among
the most promising areas is agriculture, where drones offer the potential for addressing several major
challenges. With the worlds population projected to reach 9 billion people by 2050, experts expect
agricultural consumption to increase by nearly 70 percent over the same time period. In addition,
extreme weather events are on the rise, creating additional obstacles to productivity.

Agricultural producers must embrace revolutionary strategies for producing food, increasing
productivity, and making sustainability a priority. Drone technology will give the agriculture industry a
high-technology makeover, with planning and strategy based on real-time data gathering and
processing.

Following are six ways aerial and ground-based drones will be used throughout the crop cycle:

1. Soil and field analysis: Drones can be instrumental at the start of the crop cycle. They produce precise
3-D maps for early soil analysis, useful in planning seed planting patterns. After planting, drone-driven
soil, analysis provides data for irrigation and nitrogen-level management.

2. Planting: Start-ups have created drone-planting systems that achieve an uptake rate of 75 percent
and decrease planting costs by 85 percent. These systems shoot pods with seeds and plant nutrients
into the soil, providing the plant all the nutrients necessary to sustain life.

3. Crop spraying: Distance-measuring equipmentultrasonic echoing and lasers such as those used in
the light-detection and ranging, or LiDAR, methodenables a drone to adjust altitude as the topography
and geography vary, and thus avoid collisions. Consequently, drones can scan the ground and spray the
correct amount of liquid, modulating distance from the ground and spraying in real time for even
coverage. The result: increased efficiency with a reduction of in the amount of chemicals penetrating
into groundwater. In fact, experts estimate that aerial spraying can be completed up to five times faster
with drones than with traditional machinery.
4. Crop monitoring: Vast fields and low efficiency in crop monitoring together create farmings largest
obstacle. Monitoring challenges are exacerbated by increasingly unpredictable weather conditions,
which drive risk and field maintenance costs. Previously, satellite imagery offered the most advanced
form of monitoring. But there were drawbacks. Images had to be ordered in advance, could be taken
only once a day, and were imprecise. Further, services were extremely costly and the images quality
typically suffered on certain days. Today, time-series animations can show the precise development of a
crop and reveal production inefficiencies, enabling better crop management.

5. Irrigation: Drones with hyperspectral, multispectral, or thermal sensors can identify which parts of a
field are dry or need improvements. Additionally, once the crop is growing, drones allow the calculation
of the vegetation index, which describes the relative density and health of the crop, and show the heat
signature, the amount of energy or heat the crop emits.

6. Health assessment: It is essential to assess crop health and spot bacterial or fungal infections on trees.
By scanning a crop using both visible and near-infrared light, drone-carried devices can identify which
plants reflect different amounts of green light and NIR light. This information can produce multispectral
images that track changes in plants and indicate their health. A speedy response can save an entire
orchard. In addition, as soon as a sickness is discovered, farmers can apply and monitor remedies more
precisely. These two possibilities increase a plants ability to overcome disease. And in the case of crop
failure, the farmer will be able to document losses more efficiently for insurance claims.

o Wild life drones:

http://500below.com/what-you-need-to-know-about-drones-and-wild-animals/

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/one-use-drones-everyone-can-agree-except-
poachers-180950078/#3ZFZacIGxXywGe3h.99

Drones are most commonly associated with military operations, and their civilian use has, until recently,
been limited almost entirely to collecting scientific data, monitoring crops, tracking down criminals and
observing forest fires and disaster areas. In the last few years, however, conservationists have begun to
develop UAVs to survey wildlife, monitor deforestation and help park rangers locate poachers before
apprehending them on foot. Scientists believe the tool could revolutionize the way conservation is done
in many countries, slashing the costs of monitoring large, rugged areas and, ultimately, better protecting
wildlife from threats.

With a drone, scientists and researchers can observe wild animals in their native habitat over great
distances without having to get too close to them in person.

For example, in South Africa, unmanned drones have been deployed to track suspected poachers to
help tackle the number of endangered rhino deaths.
 o Search and rescue drones:

https://www.microdrones.com/en/applications/areas-of-application/search-and-rescue/

In search and rescue operations, every second counts. In order to function as efficiently as possible, it is
important to be able to obtain a rapid overview of the situation the type of view that is often only
possible from the sky.

While planes and helicopters require some time to be ready for deployment, a drone can be put into
action immediately, without any loss of time.

o Rules and Regulations

The problem is that, commercially, drone laws vary greatly from country to country. However, most
countries have rules to follow; usually they are along the lines of these:

Drone must always be in Line of Sight (LOS) Meaning you should always be able to see it
Maximum Height 133 metres above the sky
Never fly over groups of people
Respect others privacy
No flying anywhere near airports and other no-fly zones as specified in each country

The problem is that, commercially, drone laws vary greatly from country to country, state to state and
city to city. It is a hodgepodge of rules, regulations and laws. The European Union (EU) has been trying
to consolidate regulations for all members, but it is a slow process. Within the EU, there are roughly
2,500 civil UAV operators doing business in agriculture, energy, land surveying, infrastructure
monitoring, photography and other industries.

The EU has been supportive of this technology and distinguishes between commercial and recreational
drone use, which has had a decided advantage in adapting UAVs to the marketplace. In the U.S., the
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has taken the opposite approach and combined all civilian use of
drones into one category, which greatly restricts the use of drones in commercial applications.

As a result, only about $131.7 million was spent in the U.S. during 2015 on the UAV T&D market,
according to Navigant Research. The T&D market was not a large percentage of the overall 2015 UAV
market, but Navigant projects future T&D spending will increase significantly. By 2024, Navigant
estimates T&D spending will increase by roughly $4.1 billion as regulations catch up to the technology.

Drones Safety concerns:

 Fatalities associated with drones.