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PIP VESTA002
Atmospheric Storage Tank Specification
(in Accordance with API Standard 650)
PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES
In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has
been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major
industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these
technical requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and
engineering costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While
this Practice is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users,
individual applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take
precedence over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and
particular matters or application of the Practice to particular project or engineering
situations should not be made solely on information contained in these materials. The
use of trade names from time to time should not be viewed as an expression of
preference but rather recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the
same specifications are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. All
Practices or guidelines are intended to be consistent with applicable laws and
regulations including OSHA requirements. To the extent these Practices or guidelines
should conflict with OSHA or other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or
regulations must be followed. Consult an appropriate professional before applying or
acting on any material contained in or suggested by the Practice.
This Practice is subject to revision at any time by the responsible Function Team and
will be reviewed every 5 years. This Practice will be revised, reaffirmed, or
withdrawn. Information on whether this Practice has been revised may be found at
http://www.pipdocs.org.
PIP VESTA002
Atmospheric Storage Tank Specification
(in Accordance with API Standard 650)
Table of Contents
1. Scope........................................... 2 4. Fabrication................................ 17
1.1 General .............................................. 2 4.1 General ............................................ 17
1.2 Compliance........................................ 2 4.2 Shop Inspection ............................... 18
1.3 Referenced Publications.................... 3
1.4 Definitions .......................................... 5 5. Erection..................................... 18
1.5 Document Submittals and Review..... 5 5.1 General ............................................ 18
5.2 Details of Welding............................ 19
2. Materials.................................... 10 5.3 Inspection, Testing, and Repairs ..... 19
2.1 General ............................................ 10 5.5 Dimensional Tolerances .................. 22
2.2 Plates ............................................... 10
2.7 Bolting .............................................. 10 6. Methods of Inspecting Joints.. 23
2.9 Gaskets............................................ 10
Appendices .................................... 24
3. Design ....................................... 11
3.1 Joints ............................................... 11 Appendix C..................................... 25
3.2 Design Considerations..................... 12
3.3 Special Considerations .................... 12 Appendix E..................................... 36
3.4 Bottom Plates .................................. 13
3.6 Shell Design..................................... 14 Appendix H..................................... 37
3.7 Shell Openings ................................ 14
3.8 Shell Attachments and Tank
Appurtenances................................. 15
3.9 Top and Intermediate Wind Girders 16
3.10 Roofs ............................................... 17
1. Scope
1.1 General
Aboveground, atmospheric storage tanks shall be constructed per this Practice,
PIP VEDTA003, Atmospheric Storage Tank Data Sheet and Instructions (in
Accordance with API Standard 650), and API Standard 650 (hereafter referred to as
API 650). The data sheet portion of PIP VEDTA003 will hereafter be referred to as
the Data Sheet.
A. This Practice establishes minimum construction requirements for the
materials, design, fabrication, erection (if applicable), inspection, and testing
of aboveground, non-refrigerated storage tanks fabricated of carbon steel or
austenitic stainless steel. When neither API 650 nor this Practice addresses
material requirements for miscellaneous items and appurtenances, the
Purchaser and/or the Manufacturer shall supply additional material
requirements within a supplement to the Data Sheet. Design internal
pressures of 2.5 psig or less (see API 650, Appendix F) and design
temperatures of up to 500F (see API 650, Appendix M) are permissible
under this Practice.
B. In addition to this Practice, all tanks and appurtenances shall comply with
the Data Sheet and all attachments thereto.
C. This Practice shall supplement, but not supersede, API 650 and any
applicable jurisdictional requirements. Pressure boundary materials other
than those listed or otherwise permitted in API 650 may be specified at the
discretion and the responsibility of the Purchaser. In such case, the marking
and certification of API 650 shall not be applied by the Manufacturer.
D. This Practice generally parallels the order of API 650, Tenth Edition, to the
subsection level. For example, roofs are the subject matter of Sections 3.10
in both API 650 and this Practice. Occasionally, this parallelism descends to
an additional level.
E. Field-erected tanks shall be furnished completely erected, tested, and ready
to place into service, unless specified otherwise.
F. Shop-fabricated tanks shall be furnished-tested and ready for installation.
1.2 Compliance
A. The Manufacturer shall be responsible for design, fabrication, erection (non-
shop-built), certification of materials, quality of workmanship, and
compliance with this Practice, its references, the Purchasers supplemental
specifications, and all other data or instructions associated with the Purchase
Order. The Manufacturer shall also communicate all Purchasers
requirements to all subcontractors or suppliers working at the request of the
Manufacturer.
B. The Purchaser shall provide any jurisdictional site permits that may be
required to erect the tank(s). The Manufacturer shall provide all other
permits that may be required to complete or transport the tank.
C. Unless otherwise specified in the Purchase Order, the Manufacturer shall
furnish all labor, tools, equipment, supplies, materials, utilities, storage, and
personnel services necessary for, and reasonably incidental to, the delivery
of materials to the site, the construction of the tank(s), and the removal of
surplus and scrap materials from the job site. The Purchaser shall furnish and
dispose of the water for hydrotesting the tank from the tie-in points as
designated on the Data Sheet, Line 14.
D. The Purchaser retains the right to provide personnel to observe all shop and
job site work (including testing and inspection). Such individuals shall be
afforded full and free access for these purposes.
E. In this Practice, language indicating that the Purchaser accepts, agrees,
reviews, or approves a Manufacturers design, work process, manufacturing
action, etc., shall not limit or relieve the Manufacturers responsibility to
conform to applicable industry design and safety standards and codes,
project specifications and drawings, and professional workmanship.
F. If a conflict occurs between this Practice and any drawings or other
documents, it shall be the Manufacturers responsibility to advise the
Purchaser of the conflict and request clarification.
G. Required foundation and grade work shall be supplied by others, unless
otherwise specified in the Purchase Order. The Manufacturer shall inspect
and check level tolerances and contour before starting work, and shall notify
the Purchaser of any deficiency that might affect the quality of the finished
work.
H. During construction of the tank(s), the Manufacturer shall avoid
contaminating the grade with any foreign material that may contribute to
accelerated bottom corrosion. The Manufacturer shall maintain the grade in
true profile and free of foreign materials such as clay, coal, cinders, metal
scraps, or animal or vegetable matter of any sort. The Manufacturer shall
repair any damage to either the foundation or grade surface caused by the
Manufacturers operations.
I. In this Practice, language indicating that any particular issue is subject to
agreement between the Purchaser and the Manufacturer shall be interpreted
to require any such agreement to be expressly identified in writing.
1.4 Definitions
Centerline-stacked: The mid-thickness centerlines of plates in all shell courses
coincide
Design thickness: The thickness necessary to satisfy strength and stiffness
requirements by stated expressions in API 650 or, in the absence of such expressions,
by good and acceptable engineering practice for specified design conditions, without
regard to constructability limitations or corrosion allowances
Floating suction line: Internal piping assembly that allows operator to withdraw
product from the upper levels of the tank
Flush-stacked on the inside: The inside surfaces of plates in all shell courses
coincide
Inlet diffusers: Internal fill line piping with impingement plate, baffles, slots, or
lateral openings to reduce the velocity of the flow entering a tank
Manufacturer: The fabricator and/or erector of the tank and/or floating roof
Purchase Order: The commercial instrument used to procure a tank(s), including all
attachments
Purchaser: The owner or their designated agents, such as an engineering contractor
12. Nominal thicknesses used for all components (see API 650,
Section 3.6.1.7)
13. Handling criteria and rigging instructions for shop-built tanks
F. Manufacturers Calculations
All calculations shall include relevant API 650 formulas and source
paragraphs, values used in the formulas, calculated results, and where
applicable, comparisons with acceptable values. Where calculations are
based on other than API 650 formulas, the source of the formulas shall be
referenced. Where a computer program performs calculations, a program
description shall be given, including name and version of the program. If the
program is not commercially available to industry, the Manufacturer shall
maintain and provide program documentation upon request. As a minimum,
these calculations shall address the following:
1. Determination of thicknesses for all pressure boundary elements to
satisfy all loading conditions, including, but not limited to, contents,
pressure, partial vacuum, dead loads, live loads, snow loads, rain loads,
roof flotation, dike or flood plain partial submergence, wind, and
seismic activity
2. Overturning check and anchorage due to wind forces, seismic forces,
and internal pressure, if applicable
3. Seismic design requirements (e.g., base shear, longitudinal
compression, sliding friction resistance checks, overturning moment
checks, and anchorage), if applicable
4. Shell stability checks to determine whether shell stiffeners or increased
shell course thicknesses will be required
5. Unless specified otherwise by the Purchaser, shell stiffness coefficients,
maximum unrestrained radial deflection, angle of rotation of bottom
course shell nozzles, and the nomographs for moments and forces that
these nozzles can safely sustain from connected piping shall be in
accordance with provisions of API 650, Appendix P, whenever the tank
diameter exceeds 120 feet. The Purchaser shall provide the relevant
piping design loading. Alternate analysis techniques, such as the finite
element method, may also be used to satisfy this requirement.
6. All calculations required to show compliance with API 650 and any
Appendices invoked
G. Manufacturers Drawing Contents
All Manufacturers drawings shall be thoroughly checked for accuracy and
completeness before sending for Purchaser review. Manufacturers
drawing(s) shall show, as a minimum, the following information:
1. An updated list of drawings for each tank shall be resubmitted each
time drawings are revised and reissued.
2. Identification of the storage tank as designated by the Purchaser
2. Materials
2.1 General
A. Refer to the Data Sheet for material specifications.
B. Higher strength materials than those listed in API 650 that meet all other
requirements of API 650 may be used if specifically approved by the
Purchaser.
C. Rimmed or capped steels are not permitted.
D. Use of cast iron for any pressure part or any part attached to the tank by
welding is prohibited.
E. Cadmium-plated components shall not be used without the express consent
of the Purchaser.
2.2 Plates
ASTM A283C shall not be used for shell, shell reinforcement, or tank bottom annular
plates in thicknesses over 1/2 inch.
2.7 Bolting
A. Unless otherwise specified on the Data Sheet, Table 2, flange bolting shall
conform to ASTM A193 B7 and the dimensions specified in ASME B18.2.1.
Nuts shall conform to ASTM A194 Grade 2H and the dimensions specified
in ASME B18.2.2. Both shall be heavy hex pattern. All bolts and nuts shall
be threaded in accordance with ASME B1.1, as follows:
Service
When service gaskets are designated to be furnished by the Manufacturer, the
gaskets provided shall be as specified in the Data Sheet, Table 3.
Test
A. Test gaskets must have comparable dimensions and compressibility
characteristics as service gaskets. Descriptions of gaskets for temporary use
only as test gaskets shall be submitted for Purchasers approval.
B. For joints that will not be disassembled after testing, the test gasket must be
the specified service gasket. Spares are not required unless specified on Data
Sheet, Line 23.
3. Design
3.1 Joints
3.1.2 Weld Size
The following weld size instructions apply to all welding processes, whether
manual, semi-automatic, or automatic:
Fillet welds or groove welds with legs or throat dimensions not
exceeding 3/16 inch may be made in a single pass at the
Manufacturers option.
Fillet welds or groove welds with legs or throat dimensions greater
than 3/16 inch and not exceeding 5/16 inch shall be multi-pass if so
specified on the Data Sheet, Line 15.
Fillet welds or groove welds with legs or throat dimensions greater
than 5/16 inch shall be multi-pass.
3.1.3 Restrictions on Joints
Intermittent welds shall not be used on tank exteriors unless specifically
approved by the Purchaser.
3.1.5 Typical Joints
A. Spliced top angles and compression rings shall be butt-welded.
B. Shell courses on open top tanks and tanks with external or internal
floating roofs shall be flush-stacked on the inside. Shell courses on
other tank types may be centerline-stacked or flush-stacked on the
inside at the Manufacturers option.
C. Lap-welded bottom plates (see API 650, Figure 3-3B) shall be seal-
welded on the outer periphery of their lapped edges.
D. Unless otherwise specified by the Purchaser, lap jointed floor plates
on sloped bottoms shall be overlapped in a manner to reduce the
tendency for liquid to puddle during draw down.
D. Manhole or shell nozzle covers weighing 75 pounds or less shall have two
handles. Those weighing more than 75 pounds shall be equipped with either
a hinge or davit to facilitate the handling of the manhole cover plate (as
shown in PIP VEFV1116 and PIP VEFV1117). The davit support arm shall
be welded to a structural member. If the structural member is of the same
weld group as the shell, it may be welded directly to the shell. Whenever the
structural member is not of the same weld group as the shell plate, an
attachment plate of the same weld group as the shell shall be welded to the
shell, and the structural member in turn welded to the attachment plate.
E. Unless otherwise specified, shell nozzle flanges in sizes NPS 1-1/2 through
NPS 20 and NPS 24 shall meet the requirements of ASME B16.5. For sizes
larger than NPS 24 but not greater than NPS 60, flanges shall meet the
requirements of ASME B16.47, Series A or Series B. Series A and Series B
flanges are not compatible in all sizes and must be carefully selected to
match the mating flange. If diameters, materials of construction, and flange
styles of ASME B16.47 are unavailable, fabricated flanges with drilling
template (bolt circle diameter, number of holes, and hole diameter) matching
Series A or Series B shall be used. These fabricated flanges shall be
designed in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section VIII, Division 1, Section UG-34 and Appendix 2. The allowable
stresses for design shall be a matter of agreement between the Purchaser and
the Manufacturer.
F. Bolt holes shall straddle the vertical centerline of the flange.
G. The alternate thermal stress relief of API 650, Section 3.7.4.5, shall not be
used.
3.10 Roofs
3.10.2 General
A. The Manufacturer may supply any of the fixed roof configurations
listed in API 650, unless otherwise specified on the Data Sheet,
Line 11.
B. Partial vacuums of 1-inch water pressure or less need not be
considered as adding to the roof load for design purposes. When
vacuums in excess of 1-inch water pressure are specified, the full
specified partial vacuum must be added to any other roof operating
loads for design purposes. (See Section 3.2.D.)
C. For frangible roof tanks, where a corrosion allowance is specified,
the design must have frangible characteristics in both the as-built
(uncorroded) condition and the future (corroded) condition.
3.10.4 Supported Cone Roofs
A. Roof columns may be made from either pipe or structural shapes as
selected on the Data Sheet, Line 11. Pipe type roof columns are
preferred for internal floating roof tanks. Pipe columns shall be
provided with openings or removable plugs at both the top and the
bottom to allow for draining and cleaning of the columns even when
normally sealed during operation.
B. Column base plates and cap plates shall be continuously welded to
the column ends. However, welding of the baseplate to bearing plate
is not allowed. Bearing plates shall be provided under all fixed roof
support columns. The bearing plates shall be circular with a diameter
as shown in the table below:
4. Fabrication
4.1 General
A. Miscellaneous Substances to be Avoided
Materials that may cause corrosive attack when the tank part is heated shall
not be used, including the following:
Marking inks (containing halogens)
Lubricants
Crayons
Adhesives, except as required in Appendix C
Tapes (e.g., duct tape)
Coatings to prevent adhesion of weld spatter
Paints containing sulfur
Chlorine and other halogen compounds (e.g., chlorine compounds that
might decompose to hydrogen chloride)
Materials causing carbon pick-up
Harmful metal or metal salts such as zinc, lead, mercury, cadmium, or
copper
C. Component Shipping Requirements
All flange faces and other machined surfaces shall be protected against
corrosion and from physical damage during shipment and before placement
on the tank.
5. Erection
5.1 General
A. The Purchaser may reject the use of any materials, equipment, or tools that
do not conform to the specification requirements, jeopardize the safety of
personnel, or impose a hazard at the site.
B. All temporary internal clips, lugs, brackets, etc., shall be removed from
columns and internal surfaces of shell and bottom, and shall be ground
smooth. This work must be completed before the application of internal
coatings, the air raising of a fixed roof, the initial floating of a floating roof,
and other any other circumstance whereby temporary projections may
damage the tank.
C. The tank bottom shall be protected from standing water during erection as a
matter of agreement between the Manufacturer and the Purchaser.
water for hydrotesting. This does not preclude the use of condensate,
reverse osmosis water, well water, or sea water. In any case, water
that does not contain mud and/or other material that will settle out is
required. Some issues to be considered include:
Low temperature brittle fracture
Freeze damage
Scalding of observers
Amount of suspended solids
Sanitation issues
Animal/Plant incubation and/or growth
Acidity
General corrosion
Pitting
Protecting against cathodic cells
Microbiologically induced corrosion
Material dependent sensitivity to trace chemical attack
Disposal
Rinsing
Residuals left in vessel after emptying
In addition, consider the following specific conditions:
1. Carbon Steel - For carbon steel equipment where water
contact exceeds 14 days, including filling and draining (e.g.,
adding oxygen scavenger and a biocide, and raise the pH of
the water to 12.5, minimum, by addition of caustic)
2. Stainless Steel - See API 650, Appendix S.
3. Seawater - Adjust fill height for specific gravity.
Appendices
These requirements apply whenever the Data Sheet, Lines 6 and/or 8, has API 650
Appendices selected. The following requirements supplement the requirements in some of
the API 650 Appendices. These requirements are in addition to those in API 650, and may be
more restrictive. References may be made to PIP VEFTA100 that may not yet be published;
in such cases, the Purchaser and the Manufacturer must develop mutually acceptable details.
APPENDIX C
Bids
A. Bids for tanks having external floating roofs shall contain sufficient
engineering data, including material specifications for both metallic and non-
metallic components, nominal thicknesses, and sufficient information as per
Sections C.3.4.1 and C.3.4.2 to permit an independent evaluation of the
material compatibility and adequacy of the proposed roof design to remain
afloat and undistorted.
B. Manufacturer shall list in the quotation all roof accessories furnished and
included in the base price of the roof. If any accessories are purchased from
other suppliers, the Manufacturer shall provide that suppliers name and the
model or part number.
C. Manufacturer shall specify size, number, and type of primary drains with the
quotation.
D. Manufacturer shall state the lowest operating level of roof in the quotation.
E. Manufacturer shall clearly describe the extent of electrical grounding and
shunts included as a part of the floating roof design.
F. Manufacturer shall include a cross section of all seals showing materials and
complete details of construction with the bid.
G. The bid shall state if a wind skirt, a top-shell extension, or overflows will be
required for proper functioning of the roof seal.
H. The Manufacturer shall submit with the bid the minimum and the maximum
allowable annular space between the roof and shell, as well as the maximum
and minimum annular space the proposed roof seal system can
accommodate.
C.3 Design
C.3.1 General
A. The application of corrosion allowances shall be a matter of agreement
between the Purchaser and the Manufacturer. Corrosion allowance shall be
added to the minimum nominal thickness required by API 650 or, when no
minimum nominal thickness is required, added to the minimum calculated
thickness required for functionality.
B. Sleeves and fittings, other than nozzles, that penetrate the single deck or
lower decks of annular pontoons or lower decks of double deck roofs shall
have a minimum wall thickness of 1/4 inch unless otherwise specified on the
Data Sheet, Table 5. Such penetrations shall extend at least 6 inches into the
liquid.
C. The annular space between the roof outer rim and the product side shell shall
be designed for proper clearance of the designated roof seal. All
appurtenances and internals shall have adequate clearance for the proper
operation of the completed roof assembly.
D. Single deck pontoon floating roofs greater than 200 feet in diameter shall be
designed to avoid flexural fatigue failure caused by design wind. Such
designs shall be a matter of agreement between the Purchaser and the
Manufacturer.
C.3.3 Decks
A. The deck of single-deck pontoon floating roofs shall be designed to be in
contact with the liquid during normal operation, regardless of service. The
design shall accommodate some deflection of the deck that may lead to
pockets of trapped vapor on hot days.
B. Rim and bulkhead plates shall have a minimum nominal thickness of
3/16 inch.
C. Lap joints that are not adjacent to girders, support legs, or relatively stiff
members on the underside of an uncoated roof shall have full-fillet
intermittent welds of 2-inch lengths on 16-inch centers. If the underside of
the roof is to be coated, all underside lap joints shall be welded with
continuous full-fillet welds. The underside surface of deck plates exposed to
product or vapors shall be seal-welded to each roof leg sleeve for removable
legs and to each fixed leg with a 3/16-inch minimum leg fillet weld.
D. Top decks of double-deck roofs and top decks of the pontoon portions of
single-deck roofs shall be designed, fabricated, and erected with a slope to
minimize accumulation of standing water (e.g., pooling adjacent to a rolling
ladders track) when primary roof drains are open. (See API 650,
Section C.3.3.4.) This requirement is not intended to completely eliminate
isolated puddles. When out of service, water shall flow freely to the primary
roof drains.
E. All removable roof openings except roof drains shall have gaskets or other
sealing surfaces and shall be provided with at least a liquid-tight cover.
C.3.6 Compartments
All internal bulkhead plates or sheets shall be single-fillet welded along their top,
bottom, and side edges, as a minimum, thus providing a liquid- and vapor-tight
compartment.
C.3.7 Ladders
Each external floating roof shall have a rolling ladder that meets the following
requirements:
A. Step assemblies shall be of open type and have non-slip walking surfaces.
B. Self-leveling treads shall have a minimum width of 28 inches and a 34-inch
high handrail at the nose of the tread. When the roof is in its extreme low
position, the slope of the rolling ladder shall not be less than 35 degrees to
vertical.
C. Wheels shall be provided at the lower end of the ladder, sized to prevent
binding of the ladder, and provided with maintenance-free bearings.
D. Ladders shall be grounded to both the roof and the gaugers platform with at
least an AWG (American Wire Gage) 2/0 (0.104 square inches), non-tangling
cable. Cable shall be configured so that it will not freeze to adjacent surfaces
in cold weather.
E. Ladder and track design shall minimize ponding by using trussed runways or
other details.
C.3.9 Vents
A. Automatic bleeder vents (vacuum breakers) shall be furnished for venting air
to or from the underside of the deck bottom when filling or emptying the
tank. The Manufacturer shall determine and recommend the number and
sizes of bleeder vents to be provided based on maximum filling and
emptying rates specified. Automatic bleeder vents shall have gaskets and
shall be designed to be closed at all times when the roof is floating, except
when the roof is being floated off or is being landed on the roof support legs.
B. When flexible metallic primary seals are employed, rim space vents shall be
furnished unless specifically declined on the Data Sheet, Line 13. The vents
shall be capable of releasing any excess air or non-condensable vapors that
may enter the tank through the filling line.
C. Unless specified otherwise by the Purchaser, the following minimum number
and sizes of rim vents shall be provided when using mechanical shoe seals:
Nominal Tank Diameter D
Minimum Number Size (NPS)
(ft)
D < 140 1 4
140 < D < 275 2 6
275 < D 3 6
C.3.13 Seals
A. Primary rim seals shall be either mechanical shoe seals or envelope seals, as
specified on the Data Sheet, Line 33. Seal design shall be subject to
Purchasers approval.
B. Mechanical shoe seals shall consist of the following:
1. The metal shoes employed in the sealing device between the roof and
the tank shell shall be steel per API 650, Section C.3.13:
Mechanical Shoe Material Minimum Shoe Thickness
Galvanized steel Manufacturers Standard Gauge 16
(0.0598 inch)
Uncoated steel As specified on Data Sheet, Line 35
ASTM A240 austenitic SST Old U.S. Standard 18
For tanks storing aviation gasoline or jet fuels, austenitic stainless steel
shall be used for all metal parts of seals.
2. Primary seal fabric shall span between the top of outer rim and sheet
metal shoe. Fabric shall allow full range of rim space movement for
which roof and seal are designed. Fabric shall be compatible with
product liquid and vapor.
E. Bonding shunts shall be provided on the floating roof and shall be located
above all seals. Shunts shall be 2-inch wide by 28-gage (1/64-inch thick)
austenitic stainless steel as a minimum, or shall provide equivalent corrosion
resistance and current carrying capacity as stated in NFPA 780. Shunts shall
be spaced as follows:
Tank Diameter D (ft) Maximum Shunt Spacing (ft)
D < 140 10
140 < D < 275 7
275 < D 5
D. When specified on the Data Sheet, Line 37, a datum plate shall be attached
to the bottom of the slotted guide pole at the distance designated by the
Purchaser.
E. If striking plates are specified on the Data Sheet, Line 37, they shall be
provided on the tank floor beneath the guide pole or under the gauge well if
no guide pole is specified.
F. A gaugers platform shall be located at an elevation that remains above and
clear of the roof, its sealing system, and foam dam even during an overflow
event. Unless specified otherwise on the Data Sheet Tank Plan, the platform
shall be located upwind of the prevailing wind.
d. The bottom of the float well shall be approximately 6 inches above the
tank bottom when the floating roof is at its lowest position.
e. A gasket shall be installed beneath the cover of float wells.
C.3.15.5 Side Entry Mixers
a. Mixers shall conform to the Data Sheet, Line 26.
b. Each mixer shall be installed in cover plates in dedicated shell nozzles
or manholes.
APPENDIX E
E.3 Seismic design factors shall be specified by the Purchaser in an Alternate Seismic
Criteria document if so selected on the Data Sheet, Line 8 (e.g., when jurisdiction
requirements differ from those given in API 650, Appendix E, or for geographic
locations not listed therein).
APPENDIX H
H.2 Types
If the Purchaser does not indicate Other on the Data Sheet, Line 30, the internal
floating roof design shall be one of the following types defined in API 650,
Appendix H:
Welded carbon steel or stainless steel pontoon or double-deck roofs
Bolted aluminum or stainless steel roof on floats (tubular pontoons).
The deck skin shall be deformed at its seams by the clamping
members to effect a tight seal.
Bolted aluminum sandwich panels with polyurethane or isocyanurate
rigid foam cores, or bolted aluminum sandwich panels with an
aluminum honeycomb core bonded to aluminum top and bottom
sheets so that each panel is self-buoyant
Composite glass reinforced resin panels with self-buoyant cores
automatically when the roof raises more than 3 inches above its
lowest position.