khan (sak2454) Ch14-h2-extra chiu (57425) 1

This print-out should have 16 questions. 4. 0

Multiple-choice questions may continue on
the next column or page find all choices |~p|ls
5. 3k
before answering. X5
|~p|
6. 3k 4
001 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points X
|~p|s
7. 6k 4
X
|~p|l
8. 3k 3
X
|~p|l
9. 3k 4 correct
X
|~p|
10. 6k 3
What is the direction, if any, of the electric X
field due to this configuration at a point X >> Explanation:
l >> s? Using the formula for the electric field of a
dipole along its perpendicular axis,
1. +y correct
~ dip = k ~p
E
2. y r3
and expressing the distance to the left and
3. x right dipoles as X + l/2 and X l/2 respec-
tively, we apply the superposition principle at
4. +x X:
~
5. E(X) =0 ~ net (X) = k |~p| |~p|
E 3
(y) + k y
(X + l/2) (X l/2)3
Explanation:  
~ 1 1
Since the dipole to the right of the origin is Enet (X) = k|~p| y
closer to point X, its electric field will dom- (X l/2)3 (X + l/2)3
inate; since the moment of the dipole points  3  3 !
in the y direction, the electric field at X ~ net (X) = k |~p|
E 1
l
1+
l
y
X 3 2X 2X
points in the +y direction.
Making the small argument approximation
002 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points (since l << X) and taking the magnitude we
Using a procedure similar to that used to ~ net (X)|:
obtain an approximate value for |E
calculate the electric field of a dipole, find an      
~
approximate algebraic expression for |E(X)|, |~p| l l
k 3 13 13
the magnitude of the electric field due to the X 2X 2X
configuration at this point X, X >> l >> s.
therefore,
|~p|s
1. k ~ net (X) k |~p| 6l
E
X4 X 3 2X
|~p|s
2. 3k 3
X ~ net (X) 3k |~p|l
E
|~p|l X4
3. 6k 4
X 003 10.0 points
 khan (sak2454) Ch14-h2-extra chiu (57425) 2
~ 13 is given by
The magnitude of E
q
E13 = E12 + E32 = 2E1

kq
where E1 = , and by symmetry E3 = E1 .
a2
~ 2 is
By inspection the magnitude of E

k(2q) kq
E2 = = 2 = E1
Consider the setup shown in the figure, ( 2a)2 a
where charges Q1, Q2 and Q3 and the
point A occupy four corners of a square ~ 13 and E
E ~ 2 are aligned along the same line
with the length a at each side. Given that and are pointing in the opposite direction.
Q1 = Q3 = q > 0 and Q2 = 2q. The E~ 13
resultant electric field at A contributed by The ratio is a negative number. So, we
~2
E
charges Q1 and Q3 is labeled as E ~ 13 . The
have
electric field at A contributed by Q2 is la- ~ 13
E 2E1
beled as E~ 2 . Verify that the vectors E~ 13 and =
~2
E E1
~
E2 are aligned along a same line. Such an
~ 13
E ~ 13
alignment implies that the ratio may be E
~2 = 2
E ~2
E
represented by a number. Here, a positive ra-
tio implies that two vectors are pointing in 004 (part 1 of 6) 10.0 points
the same direction and a negative ratio im- A conceptual model of aluminum triflouride
plies that they are pointing in the opposite (AlF3 ) is approximately a square with charges
direction. Determine this ratio. at the corners.
QA = 3 q QB = q
1. 2

2. -2

a

3. 8 O

4. 1 QD = q QC = q

5. - 3 What is the magnitude of the electric field
EO at the center O?
6. - 2 correct
kq
1. EO =
7. 3 a2
1 kq
2. EO =
8. -1 3 2 a2
1 kq
9. - 8 3. EO =
2 a2
4kq
10. 2 4. EO = 2
a
Explanation: kq
~ 1 is perpendicular to E
Notice that at A, E ~ 3. 5. EO =2 2 2
a
 khan (sak2454) Ch14-h2-extra chiu (57425) 3

kq kq
6. EO = 3 2. EC = 3
a2 a2
kq 1 kq
7. EO = 2 2 3. EC =
a 3 2 a2
8kq 3 kq
8. EO = 2 correct 4. EC =
a 2 a2
kq   kq
9. EO =4 2 2. 5. EC = 3 2
a a2
1 kq 9 kq
10. EO = 6. EC =
4 2 a2 4 a2
kq
Explanation: 7. EC = 2 2
The distance between each corner and the a
a 
3

kq
center is , so the magnitude of each field is 8. EC = 2 correct
2 2 a2
Q kQ kq
E=k  2 = 2 2 9. EC = 2 2 2 .
a a a
kq
2 10. EC = 3 2 2
a
The direction of the electric field at the field
point O is the direction exerted on a positive Explanation:
charge, so negative charges yield a field point- The charge at A is at a distance 2a, with
ing toward them from O and positive charges a field of magnitude
a field pointing away from them from O: 3kq 3kq
EA = = ,
E EB ( 2 a)2 2 a2
C
whereas the charges at B and D are at a
ED distance a, with fields of magnitude
kq
EB = ED = .
EA a2
EB
EB and ED cancel; they have the same EB + ED
magnitude but act in opposite directions.
Since E~ A and E
~ C are collinear, they add
ED C
algebraically:

~ = kE
kEk ~A +E
~ C k = EA + EC
EA
6kq 2kq 8kq
= 2 + 2 = 2
a a a
directed from O through C. ~ B and E
E ~ D form a square; the vector sum
is the diagonal:
005 (part 2 of 6) 10.0 points

What is the magnitude of the electric field EC ~ D | = 2 EB = 2 k q .
~B + E
|E
at C due to the charges at A, B, and D ? a2
kq The vectors E~B + E~ D and E~ A in the figure
1. EC = 4 2 2 ~ A has a larger
act in opposite directions, and E
a
 khan (sak2454) Ch14-h2-extra chiu (57425) 4
~ C is
magnitude, so the magnitude of E Find the magnitude of the electric field at
O.
3
 
3kq 2 kq kq
EC = = 2 .
2 a2 a2 2 a2 1 kq
1. EO =
3 2 a2
006 (part 3 of 6) 10.0 points kq
Find the absolute value of tan , where 2. EO =2 2 2
is the angle between the horizontal and the a
electric field at C due to the three charges at kq
3. EO =3 2
A, B, and D. a
1 kq
1 4. EO =
1. | tan | = 5 2 a2
2 21 1 kq
5. EO =
2. | tan | = 2 2 1 4 2 a2
kq
3. | tan | = 2 6. EO = 4 2 correct
a
kq
2 2+1 7. EO = 2
4. | tan | = a
2 21 kq
1 8. EO = 2 2
5. | tan | = a
2 2+1
1 1 kq
6. | tan | = 9. EO =
2 2 a2
kq
7. | tan | = 1 correct 10. EO =3 2 2
a

2 21 Explanation:
8. | tan | =
2 2+1 2kq
EA = 2 is the magnitude of each field at
9. | tan | = 3 a
O.
EA ED
10. | tan | = 2 2 + 1
Explanation:
The resultant electric field is in the direc-
~ (45 below the horizontal), so
tion AC
EB EC
| tan | = tan 45 = 1 .
The contributions from B and D cancel,
whereas the contributions from A and C add:
007 (part 4 of 6) 10.0 points
Consider charges in a square again, but this 2kq 4kq
time with a different assignment of charges: E =2 2
= 2 .
a a
QA = q QB = q

008 (part 5 of 6) 10.0 points

Find the electric field EC at C due to the
a

O 3 charges at A, B, and D for new charge

orientation.

QD = q QC = q 5 kq
1. EC =
2 a2
 khan (sak2454) Ch14-h2-extra chiu (57425) 5




1 kq 3. | tan | = 2 2+1
2. EC = 2+ correct
2 a2
kq 4. | tan | = 221
3. EC = 3 2
a
kq 2 21
4. EC = 4 2 5. | tan | =
a 2 2+1
kq 6. | tan | = 1 correct
5. EC = 2 2
a 1
1 kq 7. | tan | =
6. EC = 2
3 2 a2
kq 8. | tan | = 2
7. EC = 3 2 2
a
9. | tan | = 3
kq
8. EC = 2
a 1
10. | tan | =
kq 2 2+1
9. EC = 2 2
a Explanation:
7 kq The resultant vector is directed 45 below
10. EC =
4 2 a2 the horizontal, so
Explanation:
The magnitudes are the same as in Part 2, tan 45 = 1 .
but the directions are again different.
C QD
010 10.0 points
QA
QB
~ B and E
E ~ D act at right angles, so

~B + E
|E ~ D| = 2 k q
a2 Two identical permanent dipoles, each con-
in the same direction as E~ A . The magnitudes sisting of charges +q and q separated by a
of collinear vectors add, so distance s are aligned along the x axis and
placed on the x-axis with their centres sepa-

 
2 kq kq 1 kq rated by a distance of r (r >> s) as shown
E= + = 2+ .
a2 2 a2 2 a2 in the figure. Let F be the magnitude of
the force exerted by one of the dipoles on
009 (part 6 of 6) 10.0 points the other. If we change the distance between
Find the absolute value of tan , where the dipoles to r = 2r, what will be the new
is the angle between the horizontal and the magnitude of force F ?
electric field at C due to the three charges at
F
A, B, and D. 1.
4
2 2+1 2. 2F
1. | tan | =
2 21
1 3. 4F
2. | tan | =
2 21
 khan (sak2454) Ch14-h2-extra chiu (57425) 6
F where we have made use of the fact that p =
4.
8 qs.
Clearly, this force is inversely proportional
5. 8F
to the fourth power of r. Hence, if we increase
r by a factor of 2, then we reduce F by a
6. F
factor of 16.
7. 16F
011 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points
F Consider the figure below:
8.
2
F +q q ~ dipole
E
9. correct
16 +Q
Explanation: ~
s F
Let qs = p be the magnitude of dipole mo-
ment of each of the dipoles. We can consider ds
the field due to one of the dipoles as acting
If the charge of the point charge in the figure
on each of the charges constituting the second
were 6Q (instead of +Q, by what factor
dipole. Magnitude of electric field due to the
would there be a change in the magnitude
first dipole at a distance of x from it along its
of the force on the point charge due to the
axis(for x >> s) is given by the formula
dipole?
1 2p
E= Correct answer: 6.
40 x3
For the two charges constituting the second Explanation:
dipole, the corresponding values of x will be This problem is best analyzed from the field
s s viewpointthe dipole sets up an electric field
r and r + . Since the two charges are op- ~ in the region of the charge Q. This field
2 2 E
posite, the magnitude of net force will be ob- then produces a force on the charge, according
tained by subtracting the force acting on the ~ = QE
to F ~
farther charge (farther away from the dipole) Therefore, if we increase the magnitude of
from the force acting on the closer charge. the charge by a factor of 6, we also increase
Thus, we can write the magnitude of the force by a factor of 6.
 
2p q q 012 (part 2 of 3) 10.0 points
F =
40 (r s/2)3 (r + s/2)3 Would the direction of the force change?
This can be simplified to get
1. The force would stay in the same direc-

2 1 3
tion.
3r s + s
2pq 4
F =
3 3
2. The new force would be in an unrelated
40 (r s/2) (r + s/2)

direction.

Now we can use the approximation r >> s 3. The force would be in the opposite direc-
to neglect terms of order 2 or more in s in tion. correct
numerator and denominator to get the result
4. The new force would be zero.
2pq 3r 2 s 6p2
F = =
40 r 6 40 r 4 Explanation:
 khan (sak2454) Ch14-h2-extra chiu (57425)
Since the force is related to the field by the
formula F~ = QE,~ if we place two oppositely
charged point particles in the same field, they
will have force vectors that point in opposite
directions.
013 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points
The distance between the dipole and the point
charge in the diagram in the figure is d.
If the distance between them were changed
1 How large is the charge q?
to d, by what factor would the force on the
5
point charge due to the dipole change?
Your answer should be a decimal within five
percent of the correct answer.
Correct answer: 125.
Explanation:
1
7
at A to oppose the leftward pointing field due
to the 1 nC charge. The only way that the
dipoles field at A can point toward the right
is if the positive charge is on the left, and
the negative charge is on the right. In that
case, each of the dipoles two charges would
contribute a rightward-pointing field at point
A.
015 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
Correct answer: 5.26749 108 C.
Explanation:
We begin by writing down expressions for
the electric fields of the charge and the dipole
at point A. For the charge,
Dipole fields fall off as . So, if the dis- 
~
 1 q
r3 Echarge  =

1 40 (rcharge )2
tance is reduced by a factor of , the strength
5 1 1 nC
of the field, and thus the force on the charge =
40 (18 cm)2
increases by a factor of 53 = 125.
= 274.691 N/C .
014 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points (Make sure to convert to correct units.) For
A charge of 1 nC (1 nC = 1 109 C) and a the dipole, we use the expression given in your
dipole with charges +q and q separated by Matter and Interactions textbook:
0.3 mm contribute to a net field at location A
that is zero, as shown in the following figure.

~
 1 qs
E
 dipole  =

18 cm 40 (rdipole )3
b +
A
+1 nC 1 q(0.3 mm)
=
40 (8 cm)2
8 cm
= q 5.21484 109 N/C2 .

We know that these two fields have to can-

cel each other, so lets set them equal to each
Which end of the dipole is positively other:
charged?
Echarge = Edipole
1. The left end correct
274.691 N/C = q 5.21484 109 N/C2
2. The right end 274.691 N/C
q=
Explanation: 5.21484 109 N/C2
The left end of the dipole must be posi-
q = 5.26749 108 C .
tively charged. In order for there to be zero
net electric field at point A, the dipole must
contribute an overall rightward pointing field 016 10.0 points
 khan (sak2454) Ch14-h2-extra chiu (57425) 8
N
Given: G(x) = , where
D

N = 1 x (1 x)3/2
q
D= 1 (1 x2 )3/2 ,
successively apply the small argument expan-
sion in order to determine the correct answer.
s
5
1.
3
s
4
2.
3
s
2
3. correct
3
s
1
4.
3
5. 1
Explanation:
Applying the small argument approxima-
tion successively,

N = 1 x (1 x)3/2
= (1 x/2) (1 3x/2) = x ,

q
D = 1 (1 x2 )3/2
q
= 1 (1 (3/2)x2 )
s s
3 2 3
= x = x.
2 2
s
N x 2
G= =s =
D 3 3
x
2