1.

Introductory part is very much important (I mean the letter head or the

beginning of the contract) and date and place

2. Minimum fifteen points

3. Signature of two parties.

4. Signature of witnesses (minimum two...)

5.When you gonna write for and against, please ensure that you would have

some points more than the counter points. Hope the mock tests conducted and

the assignments and home works are more than enough. If you still have some

doubts, please feel free to meet me either in class or in my office.

Unit II

Few points as for as Unit II is concerned

1. Case Study is nothing but the presentation of facts and the movement of the

case.

2. Third person narrative and passive voice are preferable

3. Please avoid narrative style and do avoid your comments on the case.
Unit III

No questions shall be asked from this unit as this unit is completely dedicated

for activity based learning and please refer previous emails and of course if

you have any doubts, feel free to email me or meet me

Unit V

We have dealt with this unit in detailed manner and also I have given the copy

of judgement review sample to I BCom students. Few points you must

remember here

1. it is completely your opinion column.

2. Stick with judgement always, do not go faraway from the judgement. Quote

few sentences from the judgement.

Answer key for the Mid Semester Examination

1. Out of the given terms and conditions, at least 80% of the terms and

conditions should be broken in support of the professor (five marks) and three
new more points in support of professor should be introduced (five marks).

The format remains as it is given here and only the points to be challenged.

2. 2. Case Study shall describe the background of the case. Further if a

student wishes, she/he can divide the case into different parts such as

background, introduction, case movement and judgement. The complete

movement of the case should be registered. The grammatical mistakes shall

play a negative role on marks awarding process.

As for as Unit I is concerned, few points you must remember

1. Introductory part is very much important (I mean the letter head or the

beginning of the contract) and date and place

2. Minimum fifteen points

3. Signature of two parties.

4. Signature of witnesses (minimum two...)

5.When you gonna write for and against, please ensure that you would have

some points more than the counter points. (I have explained this already in the

classroom and i ll try to explain this in the class room in the forthcoming

classes if you want further explanation and clarifications)

A case study is a very important qualitative method of capturing impact. It is

an approach to qualitative research with focus on specific in-depth analysis of

a particular case, incident, story, or event. For NGOs, case studies reflect

successes of a particular program(s) in terms of changing peoples lives, with

voice of the people impacted. Well-researched and well-documented case

studies win hearts, and may even win donors!

So here are a few tips on how to write engaging case studies to demonstrate

impact of your work:

1. Start right:

Set the pace of the case study right from the beginning. Start off at a very

interesting note; create a mental image for the reader about the situation. Or,

start with emotionally engaging note, surprise element or shock element. For

example, Nikita was very scared to go to school because she was bullied by her

classmates and teased about her mothers profession, sex work. Make the

opening lines attention grabbing, so that the reader is intrigued and bound to

read further.

2. The before and after:

Case studies are all about the change brought about by your work or

program. Include the situation prior to the program, to demonstrate the

differential impact. The situation prior to the program, the specific help or

work, or intervention for changing the situation, and the changed picture are

the three main elements of a case study. Make sure that the overall flow of the

case study includes all three.

3. Include specific information:

Specific information does not mean including confidential beneficiary

information. Names of persons, places, etc. can be changed to protect the

confidentiality of the information of beneficiaries. Yet, changed names and

other information can be included to give a spin to the story, speak about the

impact in peoples voices, and to make the story engaging for the reader.

These 3 simple basics of writing a case study can make demonstrating the

impact of your work easier, more engaging for the reader. Case stories reflect

the inspirational people, incidents and events, and the reader starts trusting

your work as well. These readers may trust you to enough to donate and

contribute towards your cause in future, you never know!

Steps to write a crowd funding pitch

Crowdfunding for non-profits, social enterprises, start-ups and other causes

and organizations has been really successful method of raising funds recently.

Many organizations have gained a lot from successful crowdfunding

campaigns, and their ventures have taken off with the help of these resources.

A crowdfunding pitch is the first level of contact with the donors/ funders and

the general public. It is very important to create a pitch that clearly spreads

the word about your work, while conveying what change a donor or aid can

bring about.

Here are 5 simple steps to create a clear and succinct, short and effective pitch

for crowdfunding. We will use examples to understand each step:

1. Introduction:

First, introduce the situation briefly to set the context. Give a brief about the

broader scenario, the extent of the problem at hand. You may also use

numbers or other data here.

Example: India has the third-highest number of people living with HIV in the

world with 2.4 million Indians accounting for about four out of 10 people

infected with the deadly virus in the AsiaPacific region, says a UN report.
Among the states in India, Maharashtra has a very high HIV prevalence of

0.40%, which is even higher than the national average of 0.35%.

Now the reader knows the extent of the problem at hand, and the seriousness

of the situation.

2. Now explain what problem you will address:

For HIV-AIDS patients in Maharashtra, it is a very difficult situation. A

penniless, Maharashtra State Aids Control Society (MSACS), which distributes

free drugs to HIV patients, has medicines and condoms supply left for just a few

weeks! With no funds, the MSACS issued a circular to NGOs to cut down on

25% of their work force which distributes syringes, medicines and kits to AIDS

patients, till March 2016.

This will have drastic consequences in the fight against the disease, especially

since Maharashtra has as many as 3 lakh HIV and AIDS patients who might be

left without treatment as the free medicine distribution programme is set to run

out of medicines very soon. The supply of testing kits and anti-retroviral drugs

(medicines to treat AIDS), has been erratic since December 2013. As the HIV

drugs are very expensive, more than a third of HIV and AIDS patients seek free

anti-retroviral drugs from government centres.

It is clear now that your crowdfunding pitch is focused on solving this

problem.

3. Involve the reader: use attention grabbing headlines:

Use shocking scenarios to make the reader understand the gravity of the

situation in simple terms. Example in the current context: Just imagine, a

disruption in the treatment of an HIV infected pregnant woman will result in the

child getting infected with HIV in the womb.

4. How do you aim to solve the problem:

Now come to the solution, and what you do, what you aim to do and how you

will do to address the problem. Organization XXX is an NGO/ YY established

in 1975 by Mr/ Mrs/ Dr.. is committed to the betterment of lives of people

living with HIV AIDS, their families and communities and is able to achieve this

by support from some national and international agencies, and with the help of

passionate individuals like you. With your help, we can help these individuals in

getting access to the treatment and medicines for HIV AIDS, so that they and

their families live with dignity and safety.

5. How the reader can help??

This is the most important part of the funding proposal and pitch. The reader

now looks for ways to support your work or organization. He/ she needs to

have simple, precise yet adequate information about how he/ she may

contribute. Make sure you ask for what you need very clearly. Ways and

methods of payment, communication and feedback must be also made very

clear here.

Example in this scenario: How you can help save lives by financial

contribution in the following ways:- 1. Mention amounts- with flexible options

for the donor. 2. Modes of contribution: Online payment (Netbanking/ Payment

Gateway)/ Cheque/ DD. 3. Please find attached the details of our work against

HIV AIDS. You may visit our website ________ for details. 4. Do write back

to us or contact the undersigned on the address/ telephone number given below

in case you need any clarifications. 5. Conclude and thank: We look forward to

join hands with you against this deadly disease, and thank you again for your

intent to contribute towards this noble cause.