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ABSTRACT
This system is aimed at making vehicle driving safer than
before. The main purpose behind this project is Drunken
driving detection. Now days, many accidents are
happening because of the alcohol consumption of the driver
or the person who is driving the vehicle. Thus drunk
driving is a major reason of accidents in almost all
countries all over the world. We have propose the detection
of alcohol using alcohol detector connected to Printed
circuit board (PCB) such that when the level of alcohol
crosses a permissible limit, the vehicle ignition system will
turn off. Alcohol Detector in Car project is designed for the
safety of the people seating inside the car. Alcohol breath
analyzer project should be fitted / installed inside the
vehicle.
I. INTRODUCTION
India had earned the dubious distinction of
having more number of fatalities due to road accidents in
the world. Road safety is emerging as a major social
concern around the world especially in India. Drinking
and driving is already a serious public health problem,
which is likely to emerge as one of the most significant
problems in the near future [1]. The system implemented
by us aims at reducing the road accidents in the near
future due to drunken driving. The system detects the
presence of alcohol in the vehicle and immediately locks
the engine of the vehicle. Hence the system reduces the
quantum of road accidents and fatalities due to drunk
driving in future. This application is in the area of B) ALCOHOL SENSOR MODULE:
embedded systems. An embedded system is some It is used to sense the alcohol. The analog
combination of computer hardware and software, either output of which is applied to the comparator. The analog
fixed in capability or programmable, that is specifically gas sensor - MQ3 is suitable for detecting alcohol, this
designed for a particular function. Since the embedded sensor can be used in a Breathalyzer. It has a high
system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers sensitivity to alcohol and small sensitivity to Benzene.
can optimize it reducing the size and cost of the product The sensitivity can be adjusted by the potentiometer.
and increasing the reliability and performance. Sensitive material of MQ-3 gas sensor is SnO2, which
Embedded systems are controlled by one or more main with lower conductivity in clean air. When the target
processing cores that are typically either a alcohol gas exist, the sensors conductivity is higher
microcontroller or a digital signal processor (DSP). along with the gas concentration rising, use of simple
electro circuit, Convert change of conductivity to
correspond output signal of gas concentration MQ-3 gas
sensor [3] has high sensitivity to Alcohol, and has good
resistance to disturb of gasoline, smoke and vapor. The
sensor could be used to detect alcohol with different
concentration; it is with low cost and suitable for
different application.
1) Sensitivity Adjustment: Resistance value of MQ-3
is difference to various kinds and various concentration
gases. So, when using these components, sensitivity
adjustment is very necessary. It is recommended to
calibrate the detector for 0.4mg/L (approximately
200ppm) of alcohol concentration in air and use value of
load resistance that (RL) about 200 K (100K to 470
K).
When accurately measuring, the proper alarm point for
the gas detector has to be determined after considering
the temperature and humidity influence.
2) Character configuration:
Good sensitivity to alcohol gas
The entire system adopted the PCB
Simple drive circuit
Microcontroller unit (based on AT89S52) the principle
of the hardware chart as shown in figure 1. The core Long life and low cost
functions modules are Alcohol Sensor module (MQ-3), High sensitivity to alcohol and small towards
Comparator, Microcontroller (AT89S52), 16x2 LCD benzene
Display, DC Motor, transistor, voltage regulator and 3) Specifications:
relay. Power supply needs: 5V
A) PCB: Interface type: Analog
A printed circuit board (PCB) [2] mechanically Pin Definition: 1-Output 2-GND 3-VCC
supports and electrically connects electronic components High sensitivity to alcohol and small sensitivity
using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched to Benzene
from copper laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. Fast response and High sensitivity
All the components are interfaced to the board and Stable and long life
programmed as per their functionality. Simple drive circuit with size: 40x20mm
C) COMPARATOR:
the direction of rotation also reverses. When magnetic IV. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE
field and electric field interact they produce a ENHANCEMENT
mechanical force, and based on that the working
principle of dc motor established. The direction of 1) CONCLUSION
rotation of a this motor is given by Flemings left hand The project ALCOHOL DETECTOR WITH
rule, which states that if the index finger, middle finger VEHICLE CONTROLLING has been successfully
and thumb of your left hand are extended mutually designed and tested. It has been developed by integrating
perpendicular to each other and if the index finger features of all the hardware components used. Presence
represents the direction of magnetic field, middle finger of every module has been reasoned out and placed
indicates the direction of current, then the thumb carefully thus contributing to the best working of the
represents the direction in which force is experienced by unit. Secondly, using highly advanced ICs and with the
the shaft of the dc motor. help of growing technology the project has been
successfully implemented. Microcontroller
communication industry is blossoming at a great pace.
As microcontroller communication systems evolve,
service quality and capacity are of primary importance.
To ensure reliable communication over a mobile radio
channel, a system must overcome multi path fading,
polarization mismatch, and interference. The trend
towards low power hand held transceivers increases all
of these challenges. Keeping all the above parameters in
view we have designed a low cost integrated system for
monitoring the different types of parameters between
two systems. Finally we conclude that Embedded
System is an emerging field and there is a huge scope
for research and development.
2) FUTURE ENHANCEMENT:
i) We can implement GSM technology to inform the
Fig.4 DC Motor relatives or owners of the vehicle about the alcohol
consumption.
III. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ii) We can implement GPS technology to find out the
location of the vehicle.
REFERENCES
[1] National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2009 [cited
2009 June]; Available from: ftp://ftp.nhtsa.dot.gov/fars/.
[2] Standard Reference Designations for Electrical and
Electronics Parts and Equipments: IEEE 200-1975
(Reaffirmed 1988): Section 4.1.5.3 (2). IEEE and ANSI,
New York, NY.1975.
[3] Lee, Assessing the Feasibility of Vehicle Based
Sensors to Detect Alcohol Impairment. 2010, National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Washington,
DC.
[4] Microprocessor Architecture, Programming
Application - Ramesh S. Gaonkar
[5] Fundamentals of Microprocessors and
Microcomputers - B. Ram
[6] The 8051 Micro controller Architecture,
Programming & Applications -Kenneth J.Ayala
[7] www.national.com
[8] The 8051 Micro controller and Embedded Systems -
Muhammad Ali Mazidi -Janice Gillispie Mazidi
[9] www.datasheetcatlog.net/key/lcd
[10] www.electrical4u.com/dc-motor/