Table 16-8

Geometrical Function, G* (Geometric Factor).19 For

Various Values of AZWf/h With AZwsjh as a
Parameter [0.30 to 0.40]

Parameter AZws/h = 0.3 Parameter AZm/h = 0.4

AZn,///* C* AZwflh G*
0.10 1.7562 0.10 1.3515
0.12 1.6443 0.12 1.2785
0.13 1.5921 0.13 1.2432
0.14 1.5423 0.14 1.2088
0.15 1.4947 0.15 1.1754
0.16 1.4493 0.16 1.1428
0.17 1.4059 0.17 1.1132
0.18 1.3645 0.18 1.0806
0.19 1.3249 0.19 1.0510
0.20 1.2871 0.20 1.0234
0.21 1.2511 0.21 0.9948
0.22 1.2366 0.22 0.9682
0.23 1.1837 0.23 0.9427
0.24 1.1523 0.24 0.9182
0.25 1.1223 0.25 0.8947
0.26 1.0936 0.26 0.8723
0.27 1.0662 0.27 0.8508
0.28 1.0400 0.28 0.8304
0.29 1.0150 0.29 0.8110
0.30 0.9910 0.30 0.7936
0.31 0.9682 0.31 0.7752
0.32 0.9464 0.32 0.7587
0.33 0.9256 0.33 0.7432
0.34 0.9055 0.34 0.7286
0.35 0.8864 0.35 0.7150
0.36 0.8682 0.36 0.7022
0.37 0.8508 0.37 0.6903
0.38 0.8341 0.38 0.6793
0.39 0.8182 0.39 0.6691
0.40 0.8030 0.40 0.6597
0.41 0.7885 0.41 0.6510
0.42 0.7747 0.42 0.6431
0.43 0.7616 0.43 0.6360
0.44 0.7490 0.44 0.6295
0.45 0.7371 0.45 0.6237
0.46 0.7259 0.46 0.6186
0.47 0.7151 0.47 0.6140
0.48 0.7049 0.48 0.6101
 Table 16-8 (continued)

Parameter AZm/h = 0.3 Parameter AZws/h = 0.4

AZH,///! G* &Zwfjh G*

0.49 0.6953 0.49 0.6067

0.50 0.6862 0.50 0.6038
0.51 0.6777 0.51 0.6014
0.52 0.6697 0.52 0.5996
0.53 0.6622 0.53 0.5981
0.54 0.6583 0.54 0.5971
0.55 0.6489 0.55 0.5965
0.56 0.6430 0.56 0.5962
0.57 0.6376 0.57 0.5963
0.58 0.6327 0.58 0.5968
0.59 0.6283 0.59 0.5975
0.60 0.6245 0.60 0.5985
0.61 0.6232 0.61 0.5998
0.62 0.6183 0.62 0.6014
0.63 0.6161 0.63 0.6032
0.64 0.6143 0.64 0.6052
0.65 0.6130 0.65 0.6074
0.66 0.6123 0.66 0.6098
0.67 0.6121 0.67 0.6124
0.68 0.6125 0.68 0.6151
0.69 0.6134 0.69 0.6181
0.70 0.6148 0.70 0.6212
0.71 0.6168 0.71 0.6245
0.72 0.6194 0.72 0.6280
0.73 0.6225 0.73 0.6317
0.74 0.6261 0.74 0.6355
0.75 0.6303 0.75 0.6396
0.76 0.6351 0.76 0.6439
0.77 0.6405 0.77 0.6484
0.78 0.6464 0.78 0.6532
0.79 0.6529 0.79 0.6582
0.80 0.6599 0.80 0.6636
0.81 0.6675 0.81 0.6692
0.82 0.6757 0.82 0.6753
0.83 0.6844 0.83 0.6818
0.84 0.6936 0.84 0.6887
0.85 0.7035 0.85 0.6961
0.86 0.7138 0.86 0.7040
0.87 0.7247 0.87 0.7126
0.88 0.7361 0.88 0.7218
0.89 0.7480 0.89 0.7327
0.90 0.7604 0.90 0.7424
 Table 16-8 (continued)

Parameter AZm/h = 0.3 Parameter AZm/h = 0.4

AZwf/h G* AZwf/h <7*

0.91 0.7732 0.91 0.7539

0.92 0.7867 0.92 0.7664
0.93 0.8005 0.93 0.7798
0.94 0.8148 0.94 0.7944
0.95 0.8294 0.95 0.8101
0.96 0.8445 0.96 0.8271
0.97 0.8599 0.97 0.8455
0.98 0.8756 0.98 0.8654
0.99 0.8916 0.99 0.8868
1.00 0.9079 1.00 0.9100

Table 16-9
Geometrical Function, G* (Geometric Factor).19 For
Various Values of AZwf/h With AZm/h as a
Parameter [0.50 to 0.60]

Parameter AZws/h = 0.5 Parameter AZws/h = 0.6

AZwf/h G* AZwf/h G*

0.10 1.0055 0.10 0.8035

0.12 0.9546 0.12 0.7805
0.13 0.9311 0.13 0.7698
0.14 0.9087 0.14 0.7595
0.15 0.8875 0.15 0.7497
0.16 0.8674 0.16 0.7402
0.17 0.8484 0.17 0.7311
0.18 0.8303 0.18 0.7223
0.19 0.8132 0.19 0.7130
0.20 0.7971 0.20 0.7057
0.21 0.7819 0.21 0.6978
0.22 0.7675 0.22 0.6902
0.23 0.7540 0.23 0.6828
0.24 0.7412 0.24 0.6757
0.25 0.7292 0.25 0.6688
0.26 0.7179 0.26 0.6622
0.27 0.7073 0.27 0.6558
0.28 0.6974 0.28 0.6497
0.29 0.6881 0.29 0.6438
0.30 0.6794 0.30 0.6381
 Table 16-9 (continued)

Parameter AZm/h = 0.5 Parameter AZm/h = 0.6

AZwf\h G* AZwf/h G*

0.31 0.6713 0.31 0.6327

0.32 0.6637 0.32 0.6276
0.33 0.6566 0.33 0.6227
0.34 0.6500 0.34 0.6181
0.35 0.6439 0.35 0.6138
0.36 0.6383 0.36 0.6097
0.37 0.6332 0.37 0.6060
0.38 0.6283 0.38 0.6026
0.39 0.6239 0.39 0.5996
0.40 0.6198 0.40 0.5969
0.41 0.6161 0.41 0.5946
0.42 0.6128 0.42 0.5927
0.43 0.6097 0.43 0.5912
0.44 0.6070 0.44 0.5901
0.45 0.6046 0.45 0.5895
0.46 0.6024 0.46 0.5894
0.47 0.6005 0.47 0.5898
0.48 0.5989 0.48 0.5908
0.49 0.5975 0.49 0.5922
0.50 0.5964 0.50 0.5943
0.51 0.5955 0.51 0.5969
0.52 0.5948 0.52 0.6002
0.53 0.5944 0.53 0.6041
0.54 0.5942 0.54 0.6086
0.55 0.5941 0.55 0.6139
0.56 0.5943 0.56 0.6199
0.57 0.5947 0.57 0.6266
0.58 0.5953 0.58 0.6340
0.59 0.5961 0.59 0.6423
0.60 0.5972 0.60 0.6513
0.61 0.5984 0.61 0.6611
0.62 0.5998 0.62 0.6718
0.63 0.6015 0.63 0.6834
0.64 0.6033 0.64 0.6958
0.65 0.6054 0.65 0.7091
0.66 0.6077 0.66 0.7233
0.67 0.6103 0.67 0.7385
0.68 0.6130 0.68 0.7546
0.69 0.6161 0.69 0.7716
0.70 0.6194 0.70 0.7896
0.71 0.6230 0.71 0.8086
0.72 0.6268 0.72 0.8285
 Table 16-9 (continued)

Parameter AZm/h = 0.5 Parameter AZws/h = 0.6

AZwf/h G* AZnf/h G*

0.73 0.6309 0.73 0.8495

0.74 0.6354 0.74 0.8714
0.75 0.6402 0.75 0.8943
0.76 0.6453 0.76 0.9182
0.77 0.6507 0.77 0.9431
0.78 0.6565 0.78 0.9690
0.79 0.6627 0.79 0.9959
0.80 0.6693 0.80 1.0237
0.81 0.6762 0.81 1.0526
0.82 0.6837 0.82 1.0823
0.83 0.6915 0.83 1.1131
0.84 0.6999 0.84 1.1447
0.85 0.7087 0.85 1.1773
0.86 0.7181 0.86 1.2108
0.87 0.7280 0.87 1.2451
0.88 0.7384 0.88 1.2803
0.89 0.7495 0.89 1.3163
0.90 0.7611 0.90 1.3530
0.91 0.7734 0.91 1.3906
0.92 0.7863 0.92 1.4288
0.93 0.7999 0.93 1.4676
0.94 0.8143 0.94 1.5071
0.95 0.8294 0.95 1.5472
0.96 0.8452 0.96 1.5878
0.97 0.8619 0.97 1.6288
0.98 0.8793 0.98 1.6702
0.99 0.8977 0.99 1.7120
1.00 0.9169 1.00 1.7541

measured pressure response at the observation well versus time is used to

estimate the time lag and the response amplitude (see Figure 16-19). The
reservoir properties are then determined from the following relationships16:
(16-48)

(16-49)

(16-50)
 Time
lag
Pressure response, psi

Response
amplitude

Shut-in Shut-in
period period
Pulse
period Pulse
period

Figure 16-19. Pulse test terminology.

Table 16-10
Geometrical Function, G* (Geometric Factor).19
For Various Values of AZwf/h With AZws\h as
a Parameter [0.70 to 0.80]

Parameter AZws/h = 0.7 Parameter AZm/h = 0.8

AZwf/h G* AZwf/h G*

0.10 0.7987 0.10 0.8105

0.12 0.7745 0.12 0.7823
0.13 0.7633 0.13 0.7686
0.14 0.7522 0.14 0.7553
0.15 0.7418 0.15 0.7425
0.16 0.7319 0.16 0.7302
0.17 0.7224 0.17 0.7187
0.18 0.7135 0.18 0.7079
0.19 0.7051 0.19 0.6978
0.20 0.6971 0.20 0.6886
0.21 0.6897 0.21 0.6803
0.22 0.6828 0.22 0.6728
0.23 0.6763 0.23 0.6664
0.24 0.6704 0.24 0.6608
0.25 0.6649 0.25 0.6563
0.26 0.6600 0.26 0.6528
0.27 0.6555 0.27 0.6502
0.28 0.6516 0.28 0.6487
 Table 16-10 (continued)

Parameter AZws/h = 0.7 Parameter AZws/h = 0.8

AZwf/h C* &Zwf/h <7*

0.29 0.6481 0.29 0.6482

0.30 0.6451 0.30 0.6486
0.31 0.6427 0.31 0.6500
0.32 0.6407 0.32 0.6524
0.33 0.6393 0.33 0.6557
0.34 0.6383 0.34 0.6600
0.35 0.6378 0.35 0.6651
0.36 0.6379 0.36 0.6711
0.37 0.6385 0.37 0.6780
0.38 0.6395 0.38 0.6857
0.39 0.6411 0.39 0.6941
0.40 0.6432 0.40 0.7034
0.41 0.6458 0.41 0.7133
0.42 0.6490 0.42 0.7240
0.43 0.6526 0.43 0.7353
0.44 0.6568 0.44 0.7473
0.45 0.6616 0.45 0.7599
0.46 0.6669 0.46 0.7731
0.47 0.6728 0.47 0.7869
0.48 0.6793 0.48 0.8013
0.49 0.6863 0.49 0.8162
0.50 0.6939 0.50 0.8316
0.51 0.7022 0.51 0.8475
0.52 0.7110 0.52 0.8640
0.53 0.7205 0.53 0.8809
0.54 0.7306 0.54 0.8984
0.55 0.7415 0.55 0.9164
0.56 0.7530 0.56 0.9350
0.57 0.7652 0.57 0.9541
0.58 0.7781 0.58 0.9738
0.59 0.7918 0.59 0.9941
0.60 0.8062 0.60 1.0151
0.61 0.8214 0.61 1.0368
0.62 0.8375 0.62 1.0593
0.63 0.8544 0.63 1.0826
0.64 0.8722 0.64 1.1068
0.65 0.8909 0.65 1.1320
0.66 0.9105 0.66 1.1582
0.67 0.9312 0.67 1.1856
0.68 0.9528 0.68 1.2144
0.69 0.9754 0.69 1.2445
0.70 0.9992 0.70 1.2762
 Table 16-10 (continued)

Parameter AZm/h = 0.7 Parameter AZm/h = 0.8

AZ 1 ,//* (7* AZwf/h G*

0.71 1.0241 0.71 1.3095

0.72 1.0501 0.72 1.3447
0.73 1.0774 0.73 1.3819
0.74 1.1059 0.74 1.4212
0.75 1.1358 0.75 1.4629
0.76 1.1670 0.76 1.5072
0.77 1.1936 0.77 1.5543
0.78 1.2336 0.78 1.6044
0.79 1.2692 0.79 1.6578
0.80 1.3064 0.80 1.7147
0.81 1.3452 0.81 1.7754
0.82 1.3857 0.82 1.8402
0.83 1.4280 0.83 1.9094
0.84 1.4722 0.84 1.9832
0.85 1.5182 0.85 2.0622
0.86 1.5662 0.86 2.1465
0.87 1.6163 0.87 2.2367
0.88 1.6685 0.88 2.3330
0.89 1.7229 0.89 2.4358
0.90 1.7796 0.90 2.5457
0.91 1.8387 0.91 2.6630
0.92 1.9093 0.92 2.7882
0.93 1.9644 0.93 2.9218
0.94 2.0312 0.94 3.0643
0.95 2.1007 0.95 3.2162
0.96 2.1731 0.96 3.3780
0.97 2.2484 0.97 3.5504
0.98 2.3268 0.98 3.7339
0.99 2.4083 0.99 3.9290
1.00 2.4932 1.00 4.1365

Homogeneous Isotropic Reservoir Systems

To analyze this type of reservoir by pulse test, Eqs. 16-49 and 16-50
should replace by Eqs. 16-51 and 16-52.

(16-51)
 (16-52)

The values of kmax, kmin and 6 are estimated using Eqs. 16-36 through
16-38. If calculated value of Jkxxkyy k\y from the pressure match is not
the same for other tests, heterogeneous models should be used.

Anisotropic Reservoir Systems

In the case of homogeneous anisotropic reservoir systems, porosity is uni-
form throughout the reservoir, but permeability varies with direction. Figure
16-20 shows the major and minor axes of the permeability and the well pattern.

Major
axis

Well
locations
Minor
axis

Producer

Injector

Figure 16-20. Anisotropic permeability and well axes.

Table 16-11
Geometrical Function, (7* (Geometric Factor)19
For Various Values of AZwf/h With AZws/h as a
Parameter [0.90 to 1.0]

Parameter AZm/h = 0.9 Parameter AZws/h = 1.0

AZwf/h G* AZnf/h G*
0.10 0.8464 0.10
0.12 0.8072 0.12
0.13 0.7874 0.13
0.14 0.7681 0.14
0.15 0.7494 0.15
0.16 0.7317 0.16
 Table 16-11 (continued)

Parameter AZws/h = 0.9 Parameter AZm/h = 1.0

AZ 1 ,,/* G* AZ 1 ,,/* C*

0.17 0.7153 0.17

0.18 0.7004 0.18
0.19 0.6871 0.19
0.20 0.6756 0.20
0.21 0.6660 0.21
0.22 0.6585 0.22
0.23 0.6532 0.23
0.24 0.6500 0.24
0.25 0.6490 0.25
0.26 0.6502 0.26
0.27 0.6536 0.27
0.28 0.6591 0.28
0.29 0.6660 0.29
0.30 0.6766 0.30
0.31 0.6884 0.31
0.32 0.7020 0.32
0.33 0.7175 0.33
0.34 0.7346 0.34
0.35 0.7533 0.35
0.36 0.7715 0.36
0.37 0.7950 0.37
0.38 0.8176 0.38
0.39 0.8413 0.39
0.40 0.8659 0.40
0.41 0.8913 0.41
0.42 0.9173 0.42
0.43 0.9438 0.43
0.44 0.9707 0.44
0.45 0.9978 0.45
0.46 1.0251 0.46
0.47 1.0524 0.47
0.48 1.0796 0.48
0.49 1.1066 0.49
0.50 1.1335 0.50
0.51 1.1600 0.51
0.52 1.1862 0.52
0.53 1.2121 0.53
0.54 1.2376 0.54
0.55 1.2628 0.55
0.56 1.2877 0.56
0.57 1.3123 0.57
0.58 1.3368 0.58