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Documente Profesional
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Contents
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
OF Solver
Conduction
Convection
CHT
Radiation
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Solver overview
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I laplacianFoam:
Transient, incompressible, thermal diffusion according to Fouriers
law
I scalarTransportFoam:
Steady-state, incompressible, laminar, passive scalar e.g.
temperature for a given velocity field
I buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam:
Steady-state, thermal, natural convection, incompressible,
Boussinesqs approximation
I buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam:
Transient, thermal, natural convection, incompressible, Boussinesqs
approximation
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Solver overview
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I buoyantSimpleFoam:
Steady-state, natural convection, compressible (sub-sonic), including
radiation
I buoyantPimpleFoam:
transient, natural convection, compressible(sub-sonic), including
radiation
I rhoSimpleFoam:
Steady-state, thermal, compressible(sub-sonic)
I rhoSimplecFoam:
Steady-state, thermal, compressible(sub-sonic) -Pressure under
relaxiation =1
I rhoPimpleFoam:
Transient, thermal, compressible(sub-sonic)
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Solver overview
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I chtMultiRegionFoam:
Transient, compressible, conjugate heat transfer between solid and
fluid
I chtMultiRegionSimpleFoam:
Steady-state, compressible, conjugate heat transfer between solid
and fluid
I thermoFoam:
Transient, evolves the thermophysical properties for a frozen velocity
field
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Heat conduction
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
T 2T
= (1)
t cp x 2
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Heat conduction
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat conduction
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat conduction
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat conduction
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I Take a look at the temperature after 2.0sec for our alu cup
I The porcelain cup gives us cool fingers fingers after 2.0sec and
10.0sec (-:
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Heat conduction
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Outcome
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
fvScalarMatrix TEqn
(
fvm::div(phi, T)
- fvm::laplacian(alphaEff, T)
==
radiation->ST(rhoCpRef, T)
+ fvOptions(T)
);
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I Question: How much is the coffee cooled down when you hold the
cup in the cold wind of 0 C and a wind speed of 1.0m/s
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I Do we need turbulence?
U L 1m/s 0.05m
Re = = = 16666 (2)
0.3 1006 m/s 2
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I Ok, high residuals within the first time step! Smaller timesteps at
the beginning of the simulation!
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I yPlus -latestTime
Patch 0 named cup_fluid_surface, wall-function
nutLowReWallFunction, y+ : min: 8.21955 max:
15.8498 average: 13.0949
Patch 1 named cup_fluid_wall, wall-function
nutLowReWallFunction, y+ : min: 0.287126 max:
7.86749 average: 3.2015
I Not good, we need to generate a finer mesh!
I Also remember the correlation of thermal and hydraulic boundary
layer
h
= Pr1/3 (6)
t
I We need to be finer at the coffee surface!
I Fields of y and yPlus are written to the time folder
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I Mesh resolution
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Remember
I a) Residuals
I b) Mesh resolution
I c) turbulent boundary conditions
I d) upwind schemes for velocity and temperature are too diffusiv!
(see system/fvSchemes)
I application of finer and high quality meshes allow us to use second
order schemes like Gauss linear or linearUpwind or blended
schemes like Gauss linearLimited
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I Since our coffee is too hot for the Boussinesq approximation we have
to include the variation of material properties through pressure and
temperature Relevant solvers are
I buoyantSimpleFoam:
Steady-state, natural convection, compressible (sub-sonic), including
radiation
I buoyantPimpleFoam:
transient, natural convection, compressible(sub-sonic), including
radiation
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Thermophysical models
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Thermophysical models
I gedit constant/thermophysicalProperties
thermoType
{
type heRhoThermo;
mixture pureMixture;
transport const;
thermo hConst;
equationOfState perfectGas;
specie specie;
energy sensibleEnthalpy;
}
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Thermophysical models
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Thermophysical models
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Thermophysical models
Thermophysical models
Thermophysical models
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat convection
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Case Setup
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Case Setup
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Case setup
I gedit 0/air/T
air_cup
{
type
compressible::turbulentTemperatureCoupledBaffleMixed;
Tnbr T;
kappa fluidThermo;
kappaName none;
value uniform 300;
}
I Additional multiple layers with different thermal resistances can be
specified at the interface:
thicknessLayers (1e-3);
kappaLayers (5e-4);
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Case setup
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Case setup
I gedit constant/air/polyMesh/boundary
air_cup
{
type mappedWall;
sampleMode nearestPatchFace;
sampleRegion cup;
samplePatch cup_air;
nFaces 3307;
startFace 616900;
}
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Case setup
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I gedit system/air/fvOptions
temperature_corrections
{
type limitTemperature;
active yes;
selectionMode all;
limitTemperatureCoeffs
{
selectionMode all;
Tmin 300;
Tmax 373;
}
}
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Using fvOptions
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Using fvOptions
I Lets solve the heat exchange between to cross streams of water and
air
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Using fvOptions
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Using fvOptions
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Using fvOptions
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Using fvOptions
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Using fvOptions
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Conjugate Heat Transfer
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Basic background
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Basic background
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Basic background
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Basic background
I The emission for a black body is independent of the wave length and
solid angle
I Stephan-Boltzmann-law for hemispheric thermal radiation
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Basic background
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
I gedit constant/radiationProperties
radiation on;
radiationModel P1;
// Number of flow iterations per radiation iteration
solverFreq 1;
absorptionEmissionModel constantAbsorptionEmission;
constantAbsorptionEmissionCoeffs
{
absorptivity absorptivity [ m1 ] 0.5;
emissivity emissivity [ m1 ] 0.5;
E E [ kgm 1s 3 ] 0;
}
scatterModel none;
sootModel none;
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
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Heat Radiation
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
Outcome
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End
OF Solver | Conduction | Convection | CHT | Radiation |
silentdynamics GmbH
http://www.silentdynamics.de
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