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1
Compression Members
Structural elements that are subjected to axial
compressive forces only are called columns.
Columns are subjected to axial loads through
the centroid.
The stress in the column cross-section can be
calculated as
P
f
A
P
Pcr
1. End Connections
2. Eccentricity of loads/Crookedness
3. Residual stresses
A column with fixed ends can support four times as much load as
a column with pinned ends
This benefit decrease with decreasing L/r until Fcr finally
becomes virtually independent of K
CE-409: Lecture 08 Prof. Dr Akhtar Naeem Khan 65
Factors effecting Buckling
2. Effect of initial crookedness
Pn = Ag Fcr
For lc 1.5 Fcr = 0.658 l2c
F y
0.877
For lc > 1.5 Fcr = 2 Fy
l c
K L Fy
Where, lc = r E
CE-409: Lecture 08 Prof. Dr Akhtar Naeem Khan 79
Code Requirements
LRFD Specifications
1.0
Fcr = 0.658l c
2
Fy
Fcr/Fy
0.877
0.39 Fcr = 2 Fy
l c
K L Fy 1.5
lc =
r E
Flange Buckling
K= Constant depends on
How edges are supported
Ratio of plate length to plate width
Nature of loading