EJERCICIO N 1

Resuelva completamente la parrilla mostrada, por el mtodo matricial de los

desplazamientos:

GJ= 1200 TN-m

EI= 1500 TN-m

Solucin:
1) Se empieza numerando las barras, los nudos y orientando los elementos:

2) Calculamos [k] las propiedades

BARRA 1
GJ 1200
= =400
L 3

2 EI 2(1500)
= =1000
L 3

4 EI 4(1500)
= =2000
L 3

6 EI 6(1500)
= =1000
L 3

12 EI 12(1500)
= =666.67
L 3

BARRA 2
GJ 1200
= =240
L 5

2 EI 2(1500)
= =600
L 5

4 EI 4(1500)
= =1200
L 5

6 EI 6(1500)
= =360
L 5

12 EI 12(1500)
= =144
L 5

BARRA 3
GJ 1200
= =400
L 3

2 EI 2(1500)
= =1000
L 3

4 EI 4(1500)
= =2000
L 3

6 EI 6(1500)
= =1000
L 3

12 EI 12(1500)
= =666.67
L 3
 Elaboramos el cuadro de resumen (kN y m)

BARRA L GJ/L 2EI/L 4EI/L 6EI/L 12EI/L

1 3 400 1000 2000 1000 666.67
2 5 240 600 1200 360 144
3 3 400 1000 2000 1000 666.67

3) Hallamos [K] = [B] . [k]. [B]

BARRA 1

C S
0 1 0

[ ]
1 0 0
[R ]= 0 1 0
0 0 1

BARRA 2

C S
90 0 1

[ ]
0 1 0
[R ]= 1 0 0
0 0 1

BARRA 3
 C S
180 1 0

[ ]
1 0 0
[R ]= 0 1 0
0 0 1

4) Calculamos [k ' ] de cada barra

BARRA 1

[ ]
400 0 0 400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 666 .67 1000
0 1000 2000 0 1000 1000
[ k ' ]1= 400 0 0 400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 666 .67 1000
0 1000 1000 0 1000 2000

BARRA 2

[ ]
240 0 0 240 0 0
0 144 360 0 144 360
0 360 1200 0 360 600
[ k ' ]2= 240 0 0 240 0 0
0 144 360 0 144 360
0 360 600 0 360 1200

BARRA 3
 [ ]
400 0 0 400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 666 .67 1000
0 1000 2000 0 1000 1000
[ k ' ]3= 400 0 0 400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 666 .67 1000
0 1000 1000 0 1000 2000

5) Hallamos [
[B]= [R] [0]
[0] [R] ]
BARRA 1

[ ]
1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
[ B ] =
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

BARRA 2

[ ]
0 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
[ B ] =
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

BARRA 3
 [ ]
1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
[ B ] =
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

6) Hallamos [ k ]

BARRA 1

[ ]
400 0 0 400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 666 .67 1000
T
0 1000 2000 0 1000 1000
[ k ] 1=[ B ] 1[ k ' ]1[ B ]1=
400 0 0 400 0 0
0 666 .67 1000 0 666 .67 1000
0 1000 1000 0 1000 2000

BARRA 2

[ ]
144 0 360 144 0 360
0 240 0 0 240 0
360 0 1200 360 0 600
[ k ] 2=[ B ] T2[ k ' ]2[ B ]2= 144 0 360 144 0 360
0 240 0 0 240 0
360 0 600 360 0 1200
 BARRA 3

[ ]
400 0 0 400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 666 .67 1000
T
0 1000 2000 00 1000 1000
[ k ] 3=[ B ] 3[ k ' ] 3[ B ]3 =
400 0 0 400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 666 .67 1000
0 1000 1000 0 1000 2000

7) Hallamos [ K ]

{ Q }=[ K ] { D }

{ } [ ]{ }
{Q1 } { D1 }

{Q2 } = { D2 }
{Q3 } { D3 }

{Q4 } {D 4 }

[ K ] =[ K 11 ]1+ [ K 11 ] 2+ [ K 11 ] 3

[ K ] =
[ 400 0 0
0 666 .67 1000
0 1000
+
144 0 360
0 240 0
2000 360 0 1200
+
][
400 0 0
0 666 .67 1000
0 1000 2000 ][ ]
[ K ] =
[ 944 0 360
0 1573 .34 0
360 0 5200 ]
8) Ensamblaje del vector de cargas de fijacin

{Q} = {} + {F}

BARRA 1:

1201.721.3
M Y 12= =50.09
9

1201.321.7
M Y 21= =38.31
9
1201.7+50.0938.31
Z 12= =71.93
3
1201.350.09+38.31
Z 21= =48.07
3
M X 12=M X 21=0

BARRA 2:

3225
M X 13=M X 31= =66.67
12
325
Z 13=Z 31= =80
2
M Y 13=M Y 31=0

BARRA 3:

M Y 41=M Y 14=0

Z 41=Z 14=0

M X 41=M X 14 =0

9) Clculo de [ r ' ] de cada barra:

BARRA 1:
 { }
0
50.09

{ }
[ r ' ] 1=
{r ' 1 }
{r ' 2 }
=
71.93
0
38.31
48.07

BARRA 2:

{ }
66.67
0

{ }
[ r ' ] 2=
{r ' 1 }
{r ' 3 }
=
80
66.67
0
80

En la Barra 2 no coinciden los sistemas de coordenadas, por lo tanto:

{r }2=[B]{r ' }2

{ }[
{r ' 1 }
{r ' 3 }
= [R] [0] ]{ }
{r 1 }
[0] [ R] {r 3 }

=90

Falta

[ ]{ }
1 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 50.09 50.09
[ r ] 1= 0
0 1 0 0 0
38.31
{ }
0 1 71.93 = 71.93 = {r 1 }
{r 2 }
1 0 0 38.31
0 0 1 48.07 48.07
 [ ]{ }{ }
1 0 0 66.67 66.67 0
0 1 0 0 0 50.09
80 71.93
[ r ] 2= 0 0 1 80 = =
1 0 0 66.67 66.67 38.31
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 80 80 48.07

10) Ensamblamos [R ]

{ }{ }
R1 {r 1 }1+{r 1 }2 +{r 1 }3
R {r }1
{ R }= 2 =
R3 {r }2
R4 {r }3

{ }{ }
{ }{ }{} { }
0 66.67 0 66.67
50.09 + 0 + 0 50.09
71.93 80 0 151.93

{ } { }
0 0
50.09 50.09
71.93 71.93
{ R }= =

{ } { }
66.67 66.67
0 0
80 80

{ } { }
66.67 66.67
0 0
80 80

Como {F}, entonces:

{ } = {R} - {F}
 {}
{ }
66.67
50.09
151.93

{ }
0
50.09
71.93
{ R }={ R }{F }=

{ }
66.67
0
80

{ }
66.67
0
80

{ }
{Q1 }
{Q2 }
11) Hallamos {Q }=
{Q3 }
{Q4 }

{}
{ }
66.67
50.09
151.93

{ }
0
50.09
71.93
{ Q }={R }=

{ }
66.67
0
80

{ }
66.67
0
80

12) De los valores anteriores tomo : {Q L }

{Q L }=[ K ] +{D L }

Para el problema:

{Q1 }=[ K 11 ] +{D1 }

 { } { }
66.67 D1 x
50.09 =[ K 11 ] D1 y
151.93

{} { }
D1 x 66.67
1
D 1 y =[ K 11 ] 50.09
151.93

{ } { }
D1 x 66.67
1
D 1 y = 50.09
151.93

{ }{
D1 x

}
0.08398 m.
D1 y = 0.03184 m.
0.03503 rad .

13) Clculo de fuerzas de extremo de barras:

BARRA 1:

{d }= { }{ }
d1
d2
{ D1 }
{ D2 }

Hallamos {d } :

{ q ' } =[ k ' ] +{d ' }

{d ' }1=[ B ] 1 +{d }1

[
{d ' }1= [R ] [0 ]
{d 1 }1
[0 ] [R] {d 2 }1 ]{ }
[ ]{ }
1 0 0 0.08398
'
{d 1 }= 0 1 0 0.03184
0 0 1 0.03503

{ }
'
0.08398
{d 1 }= 0.03184
0.03503
 BARRA 2:

{d ' }2=[ B ] 2 +{d }2

[
{d ' }2= [R ] [0 ]
{d 1 }2
[0 ] [R] {d 3 }2 ]{ }

[ ]{ }
0 1 0 0.08398
'
{d 2 }= 1 0 0 0.03184
0 0 1 0.03503

{ }
0.03184
{d ' 1 }= 0.08398
0.03503

BARRA 3:

{d ' }3=[ B ] 3 +{d }3

[
{d ' }3= [R ] [0 ]
{d 1 }3
[0] [R ] {d 4 }3 ]{ }
[
1 0

0
0 0.08398
{d ' 2 }= 0 1 0 0.03184
0 1 0.03503 ]{ }
{ }
0.08398
{d ' 1 }= 0.03184
0.03503

14) Empleamos:

{q ' }n =[ k ' ] n+ {d ' }n n = 1, 2, 3

BARRA 1:

{ }[
q '1
=
[ k ' 11 ] [k ' 12]
q ' 2 1 [ k ' 21 ] [k ' 22] ]{ }
1
d '1
d '2 1

{q ' 1 }1=[ k ' 11 ]1 {d' 1 }1

 [
400 0 0
{q ' 1 }1= 0 666.67 1000
0 1000 2000 ]{
1
0.08398
0.03184 =
}{ }
33.592
13.803
0.03503 1 38.22 1

{q ' 2 }1=[ k ' 21 ]1 {d ' 1 }1

[ ]{
0 0
}{ }
400 0.08398 33.592
{q ' 2 }1= 0 666.67 1000 0.03184 = 13.803
0 1000 1000 1 0.03503 1 38.22 1

BARRA 2:

{ }[
q '1
=
]{ }
[ k ' 11 ] [k ' 12 ] d ' 1
q ' 3 2 [ k ' 21 ] [k ' 22 ] 2 d ' 3 2

{q ' 1 }2=[ k ' 11 ]2 {d' 1 }2

[ ]{ }{ }
240 0 0 0.03184 7.6416
'
{q 1 }2= 0 144 360 0.08398 = 24.70392
0 360 1200 2 0.03503 2 72.2688 2

{q ' 3 }2=[ k '21 ]2 {d ' 1 }2

[ ]{ }{ }
240 0 0 0.03184 7.6416
{q ' 3 }2= 0 144 360 0.08398 = 24.70392
0 360 600 2 0.03503 2 9.2148 2

BARRA 3:

{ }[
q '1
=
[k ' 11 ] [k ' 12 ]
q ' 4 3 [k ' 21] [k ' 22 ] ]{ }
3
d'1
d'4 3

{q ' 1 }3=[ k '11 ]3 {d '1 }3

[ ]{ }{ }
400 0 0 0.08398 33.592
{q ' 1 }3= 0 666.67 1000 0.03184 = 56.2568
0 1000 2000 3 0.03503 3 101.9 3
 {q ' 2 }1=[ k ' 21 ]1 {d ' 1 }1

[ ]{ }{ }
400 0 0 0.08398 33.592
'
{q 4 }3 = 0 666.67 1000 0.03184 = 56.2568
0 1000 1000 3 0.03503 3 3.19 3

GRAFICAS
DIAGRAMA DE CORTANTE

DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTO FLECTOR

 DIAGRAMA DE TORSION