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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 GENERAL
process removed both COD and color at rates similar to the FO process. A
color range of 150-250 platin-cobalt (Pt-Co) unit was assessed for toxicity.
catalysis process cold be an appropriate tool for the treatment of textile dyeing
and printing wastewater.
study was conducted using two types of membranes, viz. Saehane, type
RE8040BE of South Korean origin and TFC-KOCH system membranes
model 8822XR of American origin. The recovery of Saehane membranes is
larger than KOCH membranes due to the difference in the effective area for
both types of membranes whereas the salt passage of KOCH was always
lower than Saehane membranes for brackish water. It contained TDS that are
larger than S50 ppm and indicated that there was an agreement between
theoretical and experimental results.
indicated that transport can occur through chain segment displacements in the
polymer nodules (interstitial spaces) and through spaces between nodule
aggregates (defect pores). Likewise, Tam et al (1991) considered the fractal
(random) nature of pore distribution and geometry in the barrier layer. Their
analysis recognized the randomness that could occur during the formation of
the barrier layer pores.
water suitable for direct use, the high price of the purification and the
necessity of utilizing the waste product. Maintaining the drinking water
quality is essential to public health. Municipal agricultural and industrial
liquid or solid wastes differ very much in there chemical, biological and
biological characteristics. The diverse spectrum of waste requiring efficient
treatment has focused the attention of researches on membrane, iron-exchange
and biological technologies. Membrane and membrane separation techniques
with immobilized microorganism on enzyme have significant in treatment of
distillery water. (Pawar Avinash Shivajirao 2012).
From the literature survey, it was found that there were lot of
researches has been done on the textile effluent treatment especially on
Reverse Osmosis. But till there is gray area towards the selection of suitable
membrane depends upon the nature of dyeing industry, chemicals used,
processes involved and type of wastewater generated etc., Hence there is a
scope for selection of unique RO membrane for different types of industries
based on the simulation studies and validation for the better performance of
RO.