General Physics I

PROJECTILE, CIRCULAR, AND RELATIVE MOTION

Problem Set
Written Works (25%)

Projectile Motion

1. A stone is catapulted at time = 0, with an initial velocity of magnitude 20.0 and at an angle
of 40.0 above the horizontal. What are the magnitudes of the
a) horizontal and
b) vertical components of its displacement from the catapult site at = 1.10 ?

Repeat for the

c) horizontal and
d) vertical components at = 1.80 , and for the
e) horizontal and
f) vertical components at = 5.00 .

Solution:

Given: 0 = 20 0 = 40

a) = 0 = 0 cos 0 = 20 cos 40 = 13.34


b) = 0 sin 0 = 20 sin 40 9.8(1.1) = 4.12

c) = 13.34

d) = 0 sin 0 = 20 sin 40 9.8(1.8) = 2.74
2

e) = 13.34

f) = 0 sin 0 = 20 sin 40 9.8(5) = 34.10 2

2. A projectiles launchs speed is ve times its speed at maximum height. Find launch angle 0 .

Solution:
Given: 0 = 5max height = 5

max height = = 0 = 0 cos 0

0 = 50 cos
1
cos = 5
1
= cos1 (5) = 78.50

3. The current world-record motorcycle jump is 77.0 m, set by Jason Renie. Assume that he left
the take-off ramp at 12.0 to the horizontal and that the take-off and landing heights are the same.
Neglecting air drag, determine his take-off speed.

Solution:
Given: = 77 = 12
02
=
sin 20
77(9.8)
0 = sin 2 = sin 2(12) = 28.87

Uniform Circular Motion

4. A centripetal acceleration addict rides in uniform circular motion with period = 2.0 and radius

= 3.00 . At 1 his acceleration is = (6.00 2 ) + (4.00 2 ) . At that instant, what are the
values of
a) and
b) ?

5. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of a sprinter running at 10
when rounding a turn of
radius 25 ?

Solution:

Given: = 10 = 25

2
=

102
= 25
= 4 2

6. When a large star becomes a supernova, its core may be compressed so tightly that it becomes
a neutron star, with a radius of about 20 . If a neutron star rotates once every second,
a) what is the speed of a particle on the stars equator and
b) what is the magnitude of the particles centripetal acceleration?
c) If the neutron star rotates faster, do the answers to (a) and (b) increase, decrease, or
remain the same?

Solution:
Given: = 20 =1
2 2(20)
a) = = 1 = 125,663.71 1.26 105
2 125,663.712
b) = = 20
= 789,658.40 2 7.90 105 2
c) Since rotating faster means smaller values for ,
1
and , so a) velocity gets bigger (increases) and
2 , so b) acceleration gets even bigger (increases)

Relative Motion (One Dimension)

7. A boat is traveling upstream in the positive direction of an axis at 14 with respect to the

water of a river. The water is owing at 9.0 with respect to the ground. What are the

a) magnitude and
b) direction of the boats velocity with respect to the ground?

A child on the boat walks from front to rear at 6.0 with respect to the boat. What are the

c) magnitude and
d) direction of the childs velocity with respect to the ground?

Solution:

Given: = 14 = 9

a) = +

= 14 + 9 = 23

b) Since is positive, the boat is moving in the positive direction with respect to the
ground.

c) Given: = 6
(front to rear)

= + = 5 + 23 = 18

d) Since is positive, the child is moving in the positive direction with respect to the
ground.
8. A suspicious-looking man runs as fast as he can along a moving sidewalk from one end to the
other, taking 2.50 . Then security agents appear, and the man runs as fast as he can back along
the sidewalk to his starting point, taking 10.0 . What is the ratio of the mans running speed to
the sidewalks speed?

Solution:
Given: 1 = 3 2 = 10
Let = length of the sidewalk
= velocity of the man with respect to sidewalk
= velocity of the sidewalk with respect to ground

= 1 (running towards)
but = + , so
= ( + )(2.5)
= 2.5( + )

= 2 (running back)
but = + , so
= ( + )(10)
= ( )(10)
= 10( )

2.5( + ) = 10( )
2.5 + 2.5 = 10 10
7.5 = 12.5

12.5 5

= 7.5
=3

Ratio: 5: 3

Relative Motion (Two Dimensions)

9. After ying for 15 in a wind blowing 42 at an angle of 20 south of east, an airplane pilot
is over a town that is 55 due north of the starting point. What is the speed of the airplane
relative to the air?

Solution:

Given: = 15 = 0.25 = 42
= 20
55
=
= 0.25
= 3.67

= +
, = , + ,
0 = sin + 42 sin 20

, = , + ,
3.67 = cos 42 cos 20

10. A train travels due south at 30 (relative to the ground) in a rain that is blown toward the
south by the wind. The path of each raindrop makes an angle of 70 with the vertical, as measured
by an observer stationary on the ground. An observer on the train, however, sees the drops fall
perfectly vertically. Determine the speed of the raindrops relative to the ground.