Airpak 3 Overview

Overview of Airpak 3.
0 Release
Walter Schwarz
Airpak Product Manager
ANSYS, Inc.
2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Airpak for Ventilation Applications
Visualize indoor air quality issues

Airflow patterns
Temperature distribution
Thermal comfort
Air freshness
Contaminant distribution
Airpak features that focus on ventilation

Air inlet diffuser macros
Post-processing for HVAC
PMV & PPD (thermal comfort)
Relative humidity
Mean age of air
ADPI
Indoor zero-equation turbulence model
Solar shading model
Airpak History Since 2000
Object-oriented models Diffuser Macros Solar Shading

Basic flow, heat Indoor zero-eqn IFC import
transfer, radiation, & turbulence model DWG import
species transport Solar load calculator Automated Zoom-in
Thermal comfort Moisture content BCs
New Features in Airpak 3.0 (selected highlights)
Model building
Model Manager: graphical user interface
Model building improvements
Meshing
Updated meshing algorithms
Non-conformal meshing
Solution
Updated solver Fluent 6.3
Parametric analysis
Design optimization
Streamlined Airpak/RSF launcher
Visualization and reporting
Textured & Transparent surfaces for display
Comprehensive model summary information
Reporting enhancements
New platforms supported
Airpak 3.0
GUI
GUI Map
Map is
is Transformed
Transformed
Airpak 1.0, 2.0, 2.1
Airpak 3.0

Airpak 3.0 Model Management
Tool
Airpak 3.0

Airpak 3.0 Model Tree
The top section of the model tree contains configuration

parameters for the model and solver
Problem definition
Solver settings
The middle section contains

Default and user defined libraries
Access to groups collection of objects put together
room as a unit
Post-processing objects
room
room
Point Objects
The bottom section contains
Trash bin
The inactive bin
The physical model branch containing all objects that
make up the model

Airpak 3.0 Shortcuts Toolbar
Commonly used functions available as icons in shortcuts toolbar

6 groups of commands
Airpak 3.0
Viewing options
Home view Scale to fit 4 port view
Edit commands
Redo Zoom in object names:
File commands 1 port view - show all
Save Undo
New project Print - show selected
- show none
Existing project
Screen capture

Airpak 3.0 Shortcuts Toolbar
Airpak 3.0
Orientation commands
pos X view neg Z view Flip view
Mesh & solve

Open mesh window Check model
pos Y view Isometric
Solver window
Radiation view factors
Post processing commands

IsoSurf Point Surface probe
Plane cut Summary Report
Variation plot
Power and
Object face temp limits
History plot Solution ID
Trials plot Transient settings

Airpak 3.0
Preference Enhancements
Preferences
Mouse buttons
Zoom control now provided
using the mouse wheel
Click on the zoom icon, then
use wheel button to select
region to zoom in on
Error reporting
Set up your email address &
send tzr file to technical
support
Solver defaults can now be set
and saved for future use
Discretization scheme
Relaxation factors
Multi-grid settings
Precision
Airpak 3.0
Monitor Point Enhancements
Monitor Point Enhancements

Can now be aligned to a
Vertex, edge, face
Object
Plane
Useful for monitoring surface
of an object
Much easier than manually
entering coordinates
Click Accept to relocate the
point after using Align with
button

Airpak 3.0
Polygonal Approximations
Various approximations to
cylindrical/circular geometry can
be created via new macros
Inputs are similar for all -

Create Inside
Polygon touches the edge
of a bounding circle
Create Outside
Polygon is tangent to the
edge of inner circle
The total number of facets is
specified, and must be even in
number

Airpak 3.0
Rotate a Group of Prism Blocks
This macro can be used to rotate a

group(s) of blocks through an
arbitrary angle about a given co-
ordinate axis
The only limitation is that the blocks
must be prismatic in shape
The user first creates a group, then
chooses it from the available list.
Once all groups have been chosen,
accept will rotate them about the pivot
point + axis.
If the group contains other objects,
then these will not be rotated
Airpak re-creates the blocks using
polygonal blocks
Airpak 3.0
Rotate a Block(s)
Block(s)
This macro allows you to rotate a

block(s) about either a given point, its
centroid or a particular edge through an
arbitrary angle and given co-ordinate
axis
Where multiple blocks are selected, the
centroid/edge is for each individual
block and not the bounding box of the
combined selection
Airpak will generate a polygonal block
to represent the rotated block
Macros for
Prismatic blocks
Polygonal blocks
Partitions
Generates an inclined partition

Airpak 3.0
Meshing Enhancements
Mesher Enhancements
Improvements in mesher
robustness
Increased mesh quality
with less user intervention
Independently specify
minimum gap sizes in each
direction
Mixed meshing now

permitted
Hexa, tetra, and cartesian
Different mesh types
applied to assemblies, and
define these to be meshed
separately
Airpak 3.0
Assembly Concept is New
New Assembly Mesh Controls -

Slacks can now be Snapped to
existing object geometry
Click on the slack you want
to align
E.g. MinX
Click on the object to snap
the slack to
Can also use the alignment
tools in the gui to define the
slack region

Airpak 3.0
Non-conformal Meshing
Mesh in Mesh within
Non-conformal Meshing Main Model Assembly
Faces need not match across
cells
Grid lines can form many-to-one
connections
Advantages
Localized mesh refinement
Reduction or elimination of grid
bleed
Permits the use of Meshed Parts
The mesh within a non-
conformal region is
independent of the outside
region and vice-versa
Non-conformal Interface
Airpak 3.0
Non-conformal Meshing: Slack
Max Y Slack
Max X Slack
Y Object 1
Object 2
X
Min X Slack
Non-conformal
Min Y Slack assembly boundary
Definition of slack

Airpak 3.0
Specifying Slack Values
Create an assembly
Turn on the option to mesh
separately
Add a slack region around the
assembly
- By default the bounding box of
the assembly is the min/max
extents of the objects making up
the component
- Slack region allows the user to
re-define the bounding box,
making it slightly larger than the
objects making up the Note: creation of an assembly does
not automatically make it non-
component conformal; the Mesh separately field
must be checked on for non-conformal
meshing

Airpak 3.0
Non-Conformal Meshing
Surface mesh on objects Mesh on z-plane showing

detailed resolution inside
assembly and coarser mesh
outside the assembly
Airpak 3.0
Non-Conformal Meshing
Surface mesh on the outside Surface mesh on the inside

surface of the assembly surface of the assembly
bounding box (coarse) bounding box (fine)

Airpak 3.0
Updated Solver
Airpak 2.1.12 uses Fluent 6.1
Airpak 3.0 will use Fluent 6.3
Advantages
Improved robustness of non-conformal interfaces
Support for non-encapsulated shell conduction zones
Solar load model integrated into Fluent eliminating the
need for Airpak to address this via UDFs
Expanded platform and parallel architecture availability

Airpak / Remote Simulation
Facility Gaining Popularity
Customer RSF number crunching
where you run
Firewall Firewall takes place here
software locally
Web
Corporate
LAN
Customer Desktop
Pre-processing Supercomputer
Post-processing Servers
First offered in September 2002

Airpak 3.0 will streamline the process
New Airpak / RSF Launcher
Old Manual Approach New Painless GUI Approach

Airpak 3.0
Parametric Enhancements: Setup
Parameterization and
optimization
Single location to setup and

control models
Can toggle between single trial,
parametric trials, or optimization
Can control basic solver settings
Radiation on or off
Retention of form factors
Fast trials
Right click to access
Optimization

Airpak 3.0
Parametric Enhancements: Boolean Control
Boolean parameters can be defined

for any check box
Based on text field or expressions
Can parametrically specify object to
be active/inactive Right click on
Active check button
Active state is set with a single
logic statement
Text string is compared to
object name
Name should be enclosed in
Expression
ON if true
OFF if false

Airpak 3.0
Parametric Enhancements: Design Variables
Design Variables (parameters)

Will all be listed in tree
format
Values can be specified as
Discrete entries
Space de-limited
0.01 0.02 etc
Range and increment
Minimum
Maximum
Increment
By column control
provided in connection with
the tree

Airpak 3.0
Parametric Enhancements: Reporting
Functions
Logical and arithmetic
expressions can be
defined
Used in post processing
and optimization
Can lessen the need to
open the model and post
process model
Can be associated with
post processing objects
Plane cuts
Object faces
Summary reports
Point reports

Airpak 3.0
Parametric Enhancements: Primary Functions
Primary functions
Pre-defined functions
Global maximum temperature
Total power
Maximum temperature of objects
Mean temperature of objects
Mass, volume of objects
Surface area of objects
Link to Reports
Must already have been defined
Link to Design variables
Link to Post-Processing objects
Must already have been defined
Link to object property
Difference functions
Drop or increase of a variable in a
specific direction across an object

Airpak 3.0
Parametric Enhancements: Compound Functions
Compound Functions
An equation expressed in terms of primary

functions
Any mathematical or logical
expression is permitted
Can be used as a parameter for input or post

processing
Parametric post processing can
remove or lessen the need to open
and post process a model directly
In example 1, function f3 will take value of 0

or 1 depending on whether the logical
expression has been matched or not.
In example 2, f1 is a function of the

computed value of f0.

Airpak 3.0
Optimization: Introduction
An efficient gradient-based optimization module added

Airpak predicts best case/optimum values based on
minimization/maximization of objective function under given
constraints
Features of optimizer:
Maximum of 50 design variables
Maximum of 10 constraint functions
Plots of design variables, objective and constraint functions
with iterations

Airpak 3.0
Optimization: Design Variables
Design variables definition

similar to parameterization
Minimum and maximum

values should be specified
for the design variable
Optionally, for the
increments, only
multiples of a certain
number can be selected

Airpak 3.0
Optimization: Defining Functions
Primary
Function definition similar to
functions
parameterization
Primary functions can be selected
from:
Pre-defined functions
From pre-defined post
processing objects
From pre-defined post
processing reports
Design variables
Point reports
Object properties
Difference functions
Compound functions
Constraint function defined by
assigning a Min/Max constraint
value to a function
Two primary
Compound function functions added
Airpak 3.0
Optimization: Defining Objective Functions
Objective function defined by

selecting either a simple or a
compound function
Objective function can be
maximized / minimized
Objective function

Airpak 3.0
Optimization: Solution Setup
Airpak determines the

optimum values of the
design variables
Convergence / constraint
tolerances and maximum
number of iterations can be
specified
Fast trails are possible if
geometry does not change
Various save options allowed
Create a single model and
click Run

Airpak 3.0
Optimization: Solution
Optimizer convergence criteria

Design variables : Relative change in
design variables < 1%
OR
Objective function: Relative change in
best objective function values < 1%
AND
Constraint functions: Satisfied to within
0.1% of constraint values
Default criteria should suffice for vast majority
of optimization problems

Airpak 3.0
Optimization: Optimizer Output

Airpak 3.0
Object
Object Display
Display
As well as changing the shading

of an object via the view menu,
or by object type, the display
properties of an object can be
changed locally in the info panel
for that object
Shading can be modified
Colour changed
Texture map applied
Transparency altered
0 = opaque
1 = invisible

Airpak 3.0
Texture
Texture Mapping
Mapping
A texture map can be added to any object that

has been shaded with solid shading Floor.1
Floors
To apply a texture to a surface:
Turn on solid shading at which point, the
option to apply the texture will not be greyed out
Next click on the u to either
Load a texture map from a file
- Binary ppm format only
Pick a texture previously loaded
Once selected you can scale the map to fit the
object
Texture maps can be created by
Scanning a surface
Software

Airpak 3.0
Textured Surfaces

Airpak 3.0
Lighting
Lighting Options
Options
As well as the simple (default) lighting model,
a complex lighting model is also available
from the view menu
This complex lighting option allows you to:
Specify the colour and intensity of the
ambient lighting
Intensity varies from 0 -> 1
Add up to four additional lights into the
model
Direction given as (x,y,z vector)
You can also control how the surface
materials of an object will respond to light
Diffuse, ambient & specular
reflectance values vary from 0 -> 1
Shininess values vary from 0-> 128
Airpak 3.0
Reporting
Reporting Options
Options
From the top menu you have the

options to create
HTML reports
Solution overview
Optimization/Trials results
Summary report
Point reports
Full reports

Airpak 3.0
Creating
Creating HTML
HTML Reports
Reports
Create a web-based report that

includes
Title
Introductory text
Modeling information
Problem specification
Solution overview
Can also add

Figures
Post-processing objects for different
solution IDs
Can change viewing position
Can change the orientation of the
model
Reports for different solution IDs
Text above and below any item
Airpak 3.0
Post-
Post-Processing: Plane cut vectors
Enhanced Plane Cut Vectors

Can now project the vectors to the plane
cut
Very useful in cases with 3D flow
characteristics
Displays only the velocity components on
the plane

Airpak 3.0
Post-
Post-Processing: Summary Reports
Trials displayed as rows
Trials displayed as columns

Airpak 3.0 New Platform Support
Linux Intel / AMD lnx86 SUSE SLES 9 32 bit

Linux Intel / AMD lnx86 SUSE SLES 10 32 bit
Linux Intel / AMD lnx86 Red Hat EL3.0 32 bit
Linux Intel / AMD lnx86 Red Hat EL4.0 32 bit
PC Intel / AMD ntx86 Windows XP 32 bit
Expected via maintenance release in summer 2007

Linux Intel / AMD lnamd64 SUSE SLES 9 64 bit
Linux Intel / AMD lnamd64 SUSE SLES 10 64 bit
Linux Intel / AMD lnamd64 Red Hat EL4.0 64 bit
PC Intel / AMD win64 Windows XP 64 bit

Airpak 3.0 Outlook is Exciting
Airpak 3.0 development is

complete
Airpak users will see

significant enhancements
Model building
Meshing
Solution
Visualization and reporting
New platforms supported
Anticipate subsequent maintenance release with additional (64-

bit) platform support Summer 2007

Airpak 3 Overview

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Airpak 3 Overview

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Overview of Airpak 3.

Visualize indoor air quality issues

Airpak features that focus on ventilation

Object-oriented models Diffuser Macros Solar Shading

Airpak 1.0, 2.0, 2.1

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

The top section of the model tree contains configuration

The middle section contains

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Commonly used functions available as icons in shortcuts toolbar

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Mesh & solve

Post processing commands

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Monitor Point Enhancements

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Inputs are similar for all -

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

This macro can be used to rotate a

This macro allows you to rotate a

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Mixed meshing now

New Assembly Mesh Controls -

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Surface mesh on objects Mesh on z-plane showing

Surface mesh on the outside Surface mesh on the inside

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Airpak 2.1.12 uses Fluent 6.1

Airpak 3.0 will use Fluent 6.3

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

First offered in September 2002

Old Manual Approach New Painless GUI Approach

Single location to setup and

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 25 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Boolean parameters can be defined

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 26 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Design Variables (parameters)

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 27 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

An equation expressed in terms of primary

Can be used as a parameter for input or post

In example 1, function f3 will take value of 0

In example 2, f1 is a function of the

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 30 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

An efficient gradient-based optimization module added

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 31 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Design variables definition

Minimum and maximum

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 32 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Objective function defined by

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 34 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Airpak determines the

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 35 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Optimizer convergence criteria

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 36 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 37 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

As well as changing the shading

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 38 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

A texture map can be added to any object that

2007 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 39 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary