SIAC Investment Arbitration Rules - Final

INVESTMENTARBITRATIONRULESOFTHESINGAPORE
INTERNATIONALARBITRATIONCENTRE

SIACINVESTMENTARBITRATIONRULES(1STEDITION,1JANUARY2017)
Introduction
i. For the purpose of offering a specialised set of procedures for the conduct of international
investment arbitration, the Singapore International Arbitration Centre developed the
InvestmentArbitrationRulesoftheSingaporeInternationalArbitrationCentre(1stEdition,1
January2017)tobeappliedbyagreementindisputesinvolvingaState,Statecontrolledentity
or intergovernmental organisation, whether arising out of a contract, treaty, statute or other
instrument.
ii. TheSIACInvestmentArbitrationRuleshavebeendevelopedwithaviewtowardstheissues
uniquetointernationalinvestmentarbitration.TheseRulesmaybeagreedandappliedinany
typeofarbitration,theapplicationofwhichshallnotbesubjecttoobjectivecriteria,suchasthe
existenceofaqualifyinginvestororinvestmentorthepresenceofaState,Statecontrolled
entityorintergovernmentalorganisation,withoutprejudicetoanyrequirementssetoutinthe
underlyingcontract,treaty,statuteorotherinstrument.
iii. Wherethepartiestoadisputehavepreviouslyconsented,orapartyhaspreviouslyofferedto
consent,toarbitrationinaccordancewithrulesofarbitrationotherthantheSIACInvestment
ArbitrationRules,whetherinacontract,treaty,statuteorotherinstrument,thedisputemaybe
referredinsteadtoarbitrationinaccordancewiththeSIACInvestmentArbitrationRulesifthe
partieshavesubsequentlyconsentedtorefersuchdisputetoarbitrationinaccordancewiththe
SIACInvestmentArbitrationRules.

1. ScopeofApplicationandInterpretation
1.1 WherethePartieshaveagreedtoreferadisputetoarbitrationinaccordancewiththeSIAC
InvestmentArbitrationRules,thePartiesshallbedeemedtohaveagreedthatthearbitration
shall be conducted pursuant to and administered by SIAC in accordance with the SIAC
InvestmentArbitrationRules.
1.2 An agreement to refer a dispute to arbitration in accordance with the SIAC Investment
ArbitrationRulesmaybeexpressedinacontract,treaty,statuteorotherinstrument,orthrough
an offer by a Party in a contract, treaty, statute or other instrument which is subsequently
acceptedbytheotherPartybyanymeans,includingbytheotherPartyscommencementof
arbitration.
1.3 An agreement by the Parties to refer a dispute to arbitration in accordance with the SIAC
InvestmentArbitrationRulesconstitutesawaiverofanyrightofimmunityfromjurisdiction
inrespectofproceedingsrelatingtothearbitrationtowhichthePartiesmightotherwisebe
entitled. Such waiver of immunity from jurisdiction is without prejudice to immunity from
execution.
1 SIACInvestmentArbitrationRules(1stEdition,1January2017)

1.4 TheSIACInvestmentArbitrationRulesshallcomeintoforceon1January2017andshallapply
to any arbitration under the SIAC Investment Arbitration Rules which is commenced on or
afterthatdate.
1.5 IntheseRules:
Award includes a partial, interim or final award and an award of an Emergency

Arbitrator;
CommitteeoftheCourtmeansacommitteeconsistingofnotlessthanthreemembers
oftheCourtappointedbythePresident(whichmayincludethePresident);
Court means the Court of Arbitration of SIAC and includes a Committee of the
Court;
EmergencyArbitratormeansanarbitratorappointedinaccordancewithparagraph
3ofSchedule1;
NondisputingContractingPartymeansapartytoatreatypursuanttowhichthe
disputehasbeenreferredtoarbitrationinaccordancewiththeseRulesandthatisnot
aPartytothearbitration;
NondisputingPartymeansapersonorentitythatisneitheraPartytothearbitration
norapartytoatreatypursuanttowhichthedisputehasbeenreferredtoarbitrationin
accordancewiththeseRules;
PartiesmeantheClaimant(s)andRespondent(s)inadisputereferredtoarbitration
inaccordancewiththeseRules;
PartymeanstheClaimant(s)orRespondent(s)inadisputereferredtoarbitrationin
accordancewiththeseRules;
PracticeNotesmeantheguidelinespublishedbytheRegistrarfromtimetotimeto
supplement,regulateandimplementtheseRules;
PresidentmeansthePresidentoftheCourtandincludesanyVicePresidentandthe
Registrar;
RegistrarmeanstheRegistraroftheCourtandincludesanyDeputyRegistrar;
SIACmeanstheSingaporeInternationalArbitrationCentre;
SIAC Investment Arbitration Rules or Rules mean the Investment Arbitration

RulesoftheSingaporeInternationalArbitrationCentre(1stEdition,1January2017);
Tribunal includes a sole arbitrator or all the arbitrators where more than one
arbitratorisappointed.
AnypronounintheseRulesshallbeunderstoodtobegenderneutral.Anysingular
nounshallbeunderstoodtorefertothepluralintheappropriatecircumstances.

2. NoticeandCalculationofPeriodsofTime
2.1 For the purposes of theseRules,any notice, communication or proposalshallbe in writing.

Any such notice, communication or proposal may be delivered by hand, registered post or
courierservice,ortransmittedbyanyformofelectroniccommunication(includingelectronic
mailandfacsimile),ordeliveredbyanyotherappropriatemeansthatprovidesarecordofits
delivery.Anynotice,communicationorproposalshallbedeemedtohavebeenreceivedifitis
delivered: (i) to the addressee personally or to its authorised representative; (ii) to the
addressees habitual residence, place of business or designated address; (iii) to any address
agreedbytheParties;(iv)accordingtothepracticeofthePartiesinpriordealings;or(v)if,after
reasonableefforts,noneofthesecanbefound,thenattheaddresseeslastknownresidenceor
placeofbusiness.
2.2 Anynotice,communicationorproposalshallbedeemedtohavebeenreceivedonthedayitis
deliveredinaccordancewithRule2.1.
2.3 ForthepurposeofcalculatinganyperiodoftimeundertheseRules,suchperiodshallbeginto
runonthedayfollowingthedaywhenanotice,communicationorproposalisdeemedtohave
beenreceived.UnlesstheRegistrarortheTribunaldeterminesotherwise,anyperiodoftime
undertheseRulesistobecalculatedinaccordancewithSingaporeStandardTime(GMT+8).
2.4 Anynonbusinessdaysattheplaceofreceiptshallbeincludedincalculatinganyperiodof
timeundertheseRules.IfthelastdayofanyperiodoftimeundertheseRulesisnotabusiness
dayattheplaceofreceiptinaccordancewithRule2.1,theperiodisextendeduntilthefirst
businessdaywhichfollows.
2.5 The Parties shall file with the Registrar a copy of any notice, communication or proposal
concerningthearbitralproceedings.
2.6 ExceptasprovidedintheseRules,theRegistrarmayatanytimeextendorabbreviateanytime
limitsprescribedundertheseRules.

3. NoticeofArbitration
3.1 APartywishingtocommenceanarbitrationundertheseRules(theClaimant)shallfilewith
theRegistraraNoticeofArbitrationwhichshallinclude:
a. ademandthatthedisputebereferredtoarbitration;
b. thenames,nationalities,addresses,telephonenumbers,facsimilenumbersandelectronic
mailaddresses,ifknown,ofthePartiestothearbitrationandtheirrepresentatives,ifany;
c. areferencetothearbitrationclauseandacopyofthearbitrationclause;
d. areferencetothecontract,treaty,statuteorotherinstrumentoutoforinrelationtowhich
thedisputearisesandacopyofthecontract,treaty,statuteorotherinstrument;
e. where applicable, a brief statement describing the nature of the relationship between a
Partyandany relevant State,Statecontrolledentity or intergovernmental organisation,
andhowthePartiesareboundbythearbitrationclause;
f. abriefstatementdescribingthenatureandcircumstancesofthedispute,specifyingthe
reliefclaimedand,wherepossible,aninitialquantificationoftheclaimamount;
g. astatementofanymatterswhichthePartieshavepreviouslyagreedastotheconductof
thearbitrationorwithrespecttowhichtheClaimantwishestomakeaproposal;
h. aproposalforthenumberofarbitratorsifnotspecifiedinthearbitrationclause;
i. unlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,thenominationofitsarbitrator(s)ifthearbitration
clause provides for three or more arbitrators, or a proposal for a sole arbitrator if the
arbitrationclauseprovidesforasolearbitrator;
j. anycommentastotheapplicablerulesoflaw;
k. anycommentastothelanguageofthearbitration;and
l. paymentoftherequisitefilingfeeundertheseRules.
3.2 ThedateofreceiptofthecompleteNoticeofArbitrationbytheRegistrarshallbedeemedtobe
the date of commencement of the arbitration. For the avoidance of doubt, the Notice of
ArbitrationisdeemedtobecompletewhenalltherequirementsofRule3.1arefulfilledorwhen
theRegistrardeterminesthattherehasbeensubstantialcompliancewithsuchrequirements.
SIACshallnotifythePartiesofthecommencementofthearbitration.
3.3 TheClaimantshall,atthesametimeasitfilestheNoticeofArbitrationwiththeRegistrar,send
acopyoftheNoticeofArbitrationtotheRespondent,andshallnotifytheRegistrarthatithas
doneso,specifyingthemodeofserviceemployedandthedateofservice.

4. ResponsetotheNoticeofArbitration
4.1 TheRespondentshallfileaResponsewiththeRegistrarwithin35daysofreceiptoftheNotice
ofArbitration.TheResponseshallinclude:
a. aconfirmationordenialofallorpartoftheclaims,including,wherepossible,anyplea
thattheTribunallacksjurisdiction;
b. abriefstatementdescribingthenatureandcircumstancesofanycounterclaim,specifying
the relief claimed and, where possible, an initial quantification of the counterclaim
amount;
c. anycommentinresponsetoanystatementscontainedintheNoticeofArbitrationunder
Rule3.1oranycommentwithrespecttothematterscoveredinsuchRule;
d. unlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,thenominationofitsarbitrator(s)ifthearbitration
clauseprovidesforthreeormorearbitratorsor,ifthearbitrationclauseprovidesforasole
arbitrator, comments on the Claimants proposal for a sole arbitrator or a counter
proposal;and
e. paymentoftherequisitefilingfeeundertheseRulesforanycounterclaim.
4.2 TheRespondentshall,atthesametimeasitfilestheResponsewiththeRegistrar,sendacopy
oftheResponsetotheClaimant,andshallnotifytheRegistrarthatithasdoneso,specifying
themodeofserviceemployedandthedateofservice.

5. NumberandAppointmentofArbitrators
5.1 The Parties may agree that the Tribunal shall be composed of one, three or any other odd
numberofarbitrators.
5.2 ThreearbitratorsshallbeappointedinanyarbitrationundertheseRulesunlessthePartieshave
otherwiseagreed;oritappearstotheCourt,givingdueregardtoanyproposalsbytheParties,
that the complexity, the quantum involved or other relevant circumstances of the dispute,
warrantstheappointmentofasolearbitrator.
5.3 IfthePartieshaveagreedthatanyarbitratoristobeappointedbyoneormoreoftheParties,
orbyanythirdpersonincludingbythearbitratorsalreadyappointed,thatagreementshallbe
deemedanagreementtonominateanarbitratorundertheseRules.
5.4 Inallcases,thearbitratorsnominatedbytheParties,orbyanythirdpersonincludingbythe
arbitratorsalreadyappointed,shallbesubjecttoappointmentbytheCourtinitsdiscretion.
5.5 The Court shall appoint an arbitrator as soon as practicable. Any decision by the Court to
appointanarbitratorundertheseRulesshallbefinalandnotsubjecttoappeal.
5.6 The Court may appoint an arbitrator whose appointment has already been suggested or
proposedinthearbitralproceedings.
5.7 WherethePartiesareofdifferentnationalities,theCourtshallappointasolearbitratorora
presidingarbitratorofadifferentnationalitythantheParties,unlessthePartieshaveotherwise
agreed or unless the Court otherwise determines it to be appropriate having regard to the
circumstancesofthecase.
5.8 ThetermsofappointmentofeacharbitratorshallbefixedbytheRegistrarinaccordancewith
these Rules and any Practice Notes for the time being in force, or in accordance with the
agreementoftheParties.

6. SoleArbitrator
6.1 Ifasolearbitratoristobeappointed,eitherPartymayproposetotheotherPartythenamesof
one or more persons to serve as the sole arbitrator. Where the Parties have reached an
agreementonthenominationofasolearbitrator,Rule5.4shallapply.
6.2 If within 42 days after the date of commencement of the arbitration, or within the period
otherwise agreed by the Parties or set by the Registrar, the Parties have not reached an
agreementonthenominationofasolearbitrator,orifatanytimeeitherPartysorequests,the
CourtshallappointthesolearbitratorinaccordancewiththeprocedureunderRule8.

7. MultipleArbitrators
7.1 Ifthreeormorearbitratorsaretobeappointed,theClaimantandtheRespondentshalleach
nominateanequalnumberofarbitrators.
7.2 If a Party fails to nominate its arbitrator(s) within 35 days after receipt of the other Partys
nominationofitsarbitrator(s),orwithintheperiodotherwiseagreedbythePartiesorsetby
theRegistrar,theCourtshallproceedtoappointthearbitrator(s)onitsbehalf.
7.3 UnlessthePartieshaveagreeduponanotherprocedureforappointingthepresidingarbitrator,
orifsuchagreedproceduredoesnotresultinanominationwithintheperiodagreedbythe
PartiesorsetbytheRegistrar,theCourtshallappointthepresidingarbitratorinaccordance
withtheprocedureunderRule8.
8. AppointmentofArbitratorsbytheCourt
Inmakingtheappointmentofthearbitrator(s)underRule6.2,Rule7.3,Rule9.1andRule9.2,
theCourtshallusethefollowinglistprocedure,unlessthePartiesagreethatthelistprocedure
shall not be used or unless the Court determines, in its discretion, that the use of the list
procedureisnotappropriateforthecase:
a. TheCourtshallinvitethePartiesviewsonanyqualificationsofthearbitrator(s)priorto
compiling the list of candidates. The Court shall not be bound by the Parties
recommendations,butitshalltakethePartiesviewsandthecircumstancesofthecase
intoaccountwhencompilingthelistofcandidates.
b. TheCourtshallcommunicatetoeachofthePartiesanidenticallistcontainingatleastfive
names.
c. Within15daysafterthereceiptofsuchlist,orwithintheperiodotherwiseagreedbythe
Parties or set by the Registrar, each Party shall return the list directly to the Registrar,
withoutneedtocopyintheotherParty,afterhavingdeletedthenameornamestowhich
itobjectsandnumberedtheremainingnamesonthelistintheorderofitspreference.
d. Aftertheexpiryoftheaboveperiodoftime,theCourtshallappointthearbitrator(s)from
amongthenamesapprovedonthelistsreturnedtotheRegistrarandinaccordancewith
theorderofpreferenceindicatedbytheParties.
e. Ifforanyreasontheappointmentcannotbemadeaccordingtothisprocedure,theCourt
may exercise its discretion in appointing the arbitrator(s), including appointing the
arbitrator(s)fromoutsidethelistcommunicatedtotheParties.

9. MultiPartyAppointmentofArbitrators
9.1 WheretherearemorethantwoPartiestothearbitration,andasolearbitratoristobeappointed,
the Parties may agree to jointly nominate the sole arbitrator. In the absence of such joint
nominationhavingbeenmadewithin42daysofthedateofcommencementofthearbitration
orwithintheperiodotherwiseagreedbythePartiesorsetbytheRegistrar,theCourtshall
appointthesolearbitratorinaccordancewiththeprocedureunderRule8.
9.2 WheretherearemorethantwoPartiestothearbitration,andthreeormorearbitratorsareto
beappointed,theClaimant(s)andRespondent(s)shalleachjointlynominateanequalnumber
ofarbitrators.ThepresidingarbitratorshallbeappointedinaccordancewithRule7.3.Inthe
absence of both such joint nominations having been made within 42 days of the date of
commencementofthearbitrationorwithintheperiodotherwiseagreedbythePartiesorsetby
theRegistrar,theCourtshallappointallthearbitratorsinaccordancewiththeprocedureunder
Rule8andshalldesignateoneofthemtobethepresidingarbitrator.

10. QualificationsofArbitrators
10.1 AnyarbitratorappointedinanarbitrationundertheseRules,whetherornotnominatedbythe
Parties,shallbeandremainatalltimesindependentandimpartial.
10.2 In appointing an arbitrator under these Rules, the Court shall have due regard to any
qualifications required of the arbitrator by the agreement of the Parties and to such
considerationsthatarerelevanttotheimpartialityorindependenceofthearbitrator.
10.3 TheCourtshallalsoconsiderwhetherthearbitratorhassufficientavailabilitytodeterminethe
caseinapromptandefficientmannerthatisappropriategiventhenatureofthearbitration.
10.4 AnominatedarbitratorshalldisclosetothePartiesandtotheRegistraranycircumstancesthat
maygiverisetojustifiabledoubtsastohisimpartialityorindependenceassoonasreasonably
practicableandinanyeventbeforehisappointment.
10.5 An arbitrator shall immediately disclose to the Parties, to the other arbitrators and to the
Registrar any circumstances that may give rise to justifiable doubts as to his impartiality or
independencethatmaybediscoveredorariseduringthearbitration.
10.6 NoPartyorpersonactingonbehalfofaPartyshallhaveanyexpartecommunicationrelating
to the case with any arbitrator or with any candidate for appointment as partynominated
arbitrator,excepttoadvisethecandidateofthegeneralnatureofthecontroversyandofthe
anticipatedproceedings;todiscussthecandidatesqualifications,availabilityorindependence
inrelationtotheParties;ortodiscussthesuitabilityofcandidatesforselectionasthepresiding
arbitratorwherethePartiesorPartynominatedarbitratorsaretoparticipateinthatselection.
NoPartyorpersonactingonbehalfofaPartyshallhaveanyexpartecommunicationrelating
tothecasewithanycandidateforpresidingarbitrator.

11. ChallengeofArbitrators
11.1 Anyarbitratormaybechallengedifcircumstancesexistthatgiverisetojustifiabledoubtsasto
thearbitratorsimpartialityorindependenceorifthearbitratordoesnotpossessanyrequisite
qualificationonwhichthePartieshaveagreed.
11.2 A Party may challenge the arbitrator nominated by it only for reasons of which it becomes
awareaftertheappointmenthasbeenmade.

12. NoticeofChallenge
12.1 APartythatintendstochallengeanarbitratorshallfileanoticeofchallengewiththeRegistrar
inaccordancewiththerequirementsofRule12.2within28daysafterreceiptofthenoticeof
appointmentofthearbitratorwhoisbeingchallengedorwithin28daysafterthecircumstances
specifiedinRule11.1orRule11.2becameknownorshouldhavereasonablybeenknownto
thatParty.
12.2 Thenoticeofchallengeshallstatethereasonsforthechallenge.Thedateofreceiptofthenotice
ofchallengebytheRegistrarshallbedeemedtobethedatethenoticeofchallengeisfiled.The
Partychallenginganarbitratorshall,atthesametimeasitfilesanoticeofchallengewiththe
Registrar,sendthenoticeofchallengetotheotherParty,thearbitratorwhoisbeingchallenged
and the other members ofthe Tribunal(orif the Tribunal has not yet been constituted, any
appointedarbitrator),andshallnotifytheRegistrarthatithasdoneso,specifyingthemodeof
serviceemployedandthedateofservice.
12.3 The Party making the challenge shall pay the requisite challenge fee under these Rules in
accordancewiththeapplicableScheduleofFees.IfthePartymakingthechallengefailstopay
thechallengefeewithinthetimelimitsetbytheRegistrar,thechallengeshallbeconsideredas
withdrawn.
12.4 AfterreceiptofanoticeofchallengeunderRule12.2,theRegistrarmayorderasuspensionof
the arbitral proceedings until the challenge is resolved. Unless the Registrar orders the
suspensionofthearbitralproceedingspursuanttothisRule12.4,thechallengedarbitratorshall
be entitled to continue to participate in the arbitration pending the determination of the
challengebytheCourtinaccordancewithRule13.
12.5 WhereanarbitratorischallengedbyaParty,theotherPartymayagreetothechallenge,and
the Court shall remove the arbitrator if all Parties agree to the challenge. The challenged
arbitratormayalsovoluntarilywithdrawfromoffice.Inneithercasedoesthisimplyacceptance
ofthevalidityofthegroundsforthechallenge.
12.6 IfanarbitratorisremovedorwithdrawsfromofficeinaccordancewithRule12.5,asubstitute
arbitratorshallbeappointedinaccordancewiththeprocedureapplicabletothenomination
andappointmentofthearbitratorbeingreplaced.Thisprocedureshallapplyevenif,during
the process of appointing the challenged arbitrator, a Party failed to exercise its right to
nominateanarbitrator.Thetimelimitsapplicabletothenominationandappointmentofthe
substitutearbitratorshallcommencefromthedateofreceiptoftheagreementoftheotherParty
tothechallengeorthechallengedarbitratorswithdrawalfromoffice.

13. DecisiononChallenge
13.1 If,within21daysofreceiptofthenoticeofchallengeunderRule12,theotherPartydoesnot
agree to the challenge and the arbitrator who is being challenged does not withdraw
voluntarilyfromoffice,theCourtshalldecidethechallenge.TheCourtmayrequestcomments
on the challenge from the Parties, the challenged arbitrator and the other members of the
Tribunal(oriftheTribunalhasnotyetbeenconstituted,anyappointedarbitrator),andseta
scheduleforsuchcommentstobemade.
13.2 IftheCourtacceptsthechallengetoanarbitrator,theCourtshallremovethearbitrator,anda
substitute arbitrator shall be appointed in accordance with the procedure applicable to the
nominationandappointmentofthearbitratorbeingreplaced.Thetimelimitsapplicabletothe
nominationandappointmentofthesubstitutearbitratorshallcommencefromthedateofthe
RegistrarsnotificationtothePartiesofthedecisionbytheCourt.
13.3 IftheCourtrejectsthechallengetoanarbitrator,thechallengedarbitratorshallcontinuewith
thearbitration.
13.4 TheCourtsdecisiononanychallengetoanarbitratorunderthisRule13shallbereasoned,
unlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,andshallbeissuedtothePartiesbytheRegistrar.Any
suchdecisiononanychallengebytheCourtshallbefinalandnotsubjecttoappeal.

14. ReplacementofanArbitrator
14.1 ExceptasotherwiseprovidedintheseRules,intheeventofthedeath,resignation,withdrawal
orremovalofanarbitratorduringthecourseofthearbitralproceedings,asubstitutearbitrator
shall be appointed in accordance with the procedure applicable to the nomination and
appointmentofthearbitratorbeingreplaced.
14.2 Intheeventthatanarbitratorrefusesorfailstoactorperformhisfunctionsinaccordancewith
theseRulesorwithinprescribedtimelimits,orintheeventofanydejureordefactoimpossibility
byanarbitratortoactorperformhisfunctions,theprocedureforchallengeandreplacement
ofanarbitratorprovidedinRule11toRule13andRule14.1shallapply.
14.3 TheCourtmay,atitsowninitiativeandinitsdiscretion,removeanarbitratorwhorefusesor
failstoactortoperformhisfunctionsinaccordancewiththeseRulesorwithinprescribedtime
limits,orintheeventofadejureordefactoimpossibilityofanarbitratortoactorperformhis
functions, or if the arbitrator does not conduct or participate in the arbitration with due
diligenceand/orinamannerthatensuresthefair,expeditious,economicalandfinalresolution
ofthedispute.TheCourtshallconsultthePartiesandthemembersoftheTribunal,including
thearbitratortoberemoved(oriftheTribunalhasnotyetbeenconstituted,anyappointed
arbitrator)priortotheremovalofanarbitratorunderthisRule14.3.

15. RepetitionofHearingsintheEventofReplacementofanArbitrator
IfthesoleorpresidingarbitratorisreplacedinaccordancewiththeprocedureinRule12to
Rule14,anyhearingsheldpreviouslyshallberepeatedunlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties.
If any other arbitrator is replaced, any hearings held previously may be repeated at the
discretionoftheTribunalafterconsultingwiththeParties.IftheTribunalhasissuedaninterim
or partial Award, any hearings relating solely to that Award shall not be repeated, and the
Awardshallremainineffect.

16. ConductoftheProceedings
16.1 The Tribunal shall conduct the arbitration in such manner as it considers appropriate, after
consultingwiththeParties,toensurethefair,expeditious,economicalandfinalresolutionof
thedispute.
16.2 TheTribunalshalldeterminetherelevance,materialityandadmissibilityofallevidence.The
Tribunalisnotrequiredtoapplytherulesofevidenceofanyapplicablelawinmakingsuch
determination.
16.3 As soon as practicable after the constitution of the Tribunal, the Tribunal shall conduct a
preliminary meeting with the Parties, in person or by any other means, to discuss the
proceduresthatwillbemostappropriateandefficientforthecase.
16.4 The Tribunal may, in its discretion, direct the order of proceedings, bifurcate proceedings,
excludecumulativeorirrelevanttestimonyorotherevidenceanddirectthePartiestofocus
theirpresentationsonissuesthedecisionofwhichcoulddisposeofallorpartofthecase.
16.5 UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,thepresidingarbitratormaymakeproceduralrulings
alone,subjecttorevisionbytheTribunal.
16.6 Allstatements,documentsorotherinformationsuppliedtotheTribunaland/ortheRegistrar
byaPartyshallsimultaneouslybecommunicatedtotheotherParty.
16.7 TheCourtmay,atanystageoftheproceedings,requestthePartiesandtheTribunaltoconvene
ameetingtodiscusstheproceduresthatwillbemostappropriateandefficientforthecase.
Suchmeetingmaybeconductedinpersonorbyanyothermeans.
17. SubmissionsbytheParties
17.1 Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties or otherwise determined by the Tribunal, the
submissionofwrittenstatementsshallproceedassetoutinthisRule17.
17.2 The Claimant shall, within a period of time to be determined by the Tribunal, send to the
RespondentandtheTribunalaMemorial,settingoutinfulldetail:
a. astatementoffactssupportingtheclaim;
b. thelegalgroundsorargumentssupportingtheclaim;
c. anywitnessstatementand/orexpertreportsupportingtheclaim;and
d. thereliefclaimedtogetherwiththeamountofallquantifiableclaims.
17.3 TheRespondentshall,withinaperiodoftimetobedeterminedbytheTribunal,sendtothe
ClaimantandtheTribunalaCounterMemorial,settingoutinfulldetail:
a. astatementoffactssupportingthedefenceandanycounterclaim;
b. thelegalgroundsorargumentssupportingthedefenceandanycounterclaim;
c. anywitnessstatementand/orexpertreportsupportingthedefenceandanycounterclaim;
and
d. thereliefclaimedtogetherwiththeamountofallquantifiablecounterclaims.
17.4 ByagreementofthePartiesorifdeemednecessarybytheTribunal,thePartiesshallfileaReply
andRejoinderwithinaperiodoftimetobedeterminedbytheTribunal.
17.5 APartymayamenditsclaim,counterclaimorothersubmissionsunlesstheTribunalconsiders
itinappropriatetoallowsuchamendmenthavingregardtothedelayinmakingitorprejudice
totheotherPartyoranyothercircumstances.However,aclaimorcounterclaimmaynotbe
amendedinsuchamannerthattheamendedclaimorcounterclaimfallsoutsidethescopeof
thearbitrationclause.
17.6 TheTribunalshalldecidewhichfurthersubmissionsshallberequiredfromthePartiesormay
be presented by them. The Tribunal shall fix the periods of time for communicating such
submissions.
17.7 AllsubmissionsreferredtointhisRule17shallbeaccompaniedbycopiesofallsupporting
documentsandlegalauthoritieswhichhavenotpreviouslybeensubmittedbyanyParty.
17.8 IftheClaimantfailswithinthetimespecifiedtosubmititsMemorial,theTribunalmayissue
anorderfortheterminationofthearbitralproceedingsorgivesuchotherdirectionsasmaybe
appropriate.
17.9 IftheRespondentfailstosubmititsCounterMemorial,orifatanypointanyPartyfailstoavail
itselfoftheopportunitytopresentitscaseinthemannerdirectedbytheTribunal,theTribunal
mayproceedwiththearbitration.
18. SeatoftheArbitration
18.1 ThePartiesmayagreeontheseatofthearbitration.Failingsuchanagreement,theseatofthe
arbitrationshallbedeterminedbytheTribunal,havingregardtoallthecircumstancesofthe
case.
18.2 The Tribunal may hold hearings and meetings by any means it considers expedient or
appropriateandatanylocationitconsidersconvenientorappropriate.
19. LanguageoftheArbitration
19.1 UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,theTribunalshalldeterminethelanguagetobeused
inthearbitration.
19.2 IfaPartysubmitsadocumentwritteninalanguageotherthanthelanguage(s)ofthearbitration,
theTribunal,oriftheTribunalhasnotbeenconstituted,theRegistrar,mayorderthatPartyto
submitatranslationinaformtobedeterminedbytheTribunalortheRegistrar.

20. PartyRepresentatives
20.1 AnyPartymayberepresentedbylegalpractitionersoranyotherauthorisedrepresentatives.
TheRegistrarand/ortheTribunalmayrequireproofofauthorityofanyPartyrepresentatives.
20.2 AftertheconstitutionoftheTribunal,anychangeoradditionbyaPartytoitsrepresentatives
shallbepromptlycommunicatedinwritingtotheParties,theTribunalandtheRegistrar.

21. Hearings
21.1 Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties, the Tribunal shall, if either Party so requests or the
Tribunalsodecides,holdoneormorehearingsforthepresentationofevidenceand/orfororal
submissionsonthemeritsofthedispute,includinganyissueastojurisdictionorbifurcation.
21.2 The Tribunal shall, after consultation with the Parties, set the date, time and place of any
meetingorhearingandshallgivethePartiesreasonablenotice.
21.3 IfanyPartyfailstoappearatameetingorhearingwithoutshowingsufficientcauseforsuch
failure,theTribunalmayproceedwiththearbitrationandmaymaketheAwardbasedonthe
submissionsandevidencebeforeit.
21.4 UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,allmeetingsandhearingsshallbeinprivate,andany
recordings,transcripts,ordocumentsusedinrelationtothearbitralproceedingsshallremain
confidential.

22. Witnesses
22.1 Before any hearing, the Tribunal may require the Parties to give notice of the identity of
witnesses,includingexpertwitnesses,whomthePartiesintendtoproduce,thesubjectmatter
oftheirtestimonyanditsrelevancetotheissues.
22.2 TheTribunalmayallow,refuseorlimittheappearanceofwitnessestogiveoralevidenceat
anyhearing.
22.3 Any witness who gives oral evidence may be questioned by each of the Parties, their
representativesandtheTribunalinsuchmannerastheTribunalmaydetermine.
22.4 TheTribunalmaydirectthetestimonyofwitnessestobepresentedinwrittenform,eitheras
signedstatementsorswornaffidavitsoranyotherformofrecording.SubjecttoRule22.2,any
Partymayrequestthatsuchawitnessshouldattendfororalexamination.Ifthewitnessfails
toattendfororalexamination,theTribunalmayplacesuchweightonthewrittentestimonyas
itthinksfit,disregardsuchtestimony,orexcludesuchtestimonyaltogether.
22.5 ItshallbepermissibleforanyPartyoritsrepresentativestointerviewanywitnessorpotential
witness(thatmaybepresentedbythatParty)priortohisappearancetogiveoralevidenceat
anyhearing.

23. TribunalAppointedExperts
23.1 UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,theTribunalmay:
a. followingconsultationwiththeParties,appointanexperttoreportonspecificissues;and
b. requireaPartytogiveanyexpertappointedunderRule23.1(a)anyrelevantinformation,
or to produce or provide access to any relevant documents, goods or property for
inspection.
23.2 AnyexpertappointedunderRule23.1(a)shallsubmitareportinwritingtotheTribunal.Upon
receiptofsuchwrittenreport,theTribunalshalldeliveracopyofthereporttothePartiesand
invitethePartiestosubmitwrittencommentsonthereport.
23.3 UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,iftheTribunalconsidersitnecessaryorattherequest
ofanyParty,anexpertappointedunderRule23.1(a)shall,afterdeliveryofhiswrittenreport,
participateinahearing.Atthehearing,thePartiesshallhavetheopportunitytoexaminesuch
expert.

24. AdditionalPowersoftheTribunal
UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,inadditiontotheotherpowersspecifiedintheseRules,
and except as prohibited by the mandatory rules of law applicable to the arbitration, the
Tribunalshallhavethepowerto:
a. order the correction or rectification of any contract, subject to the law governing such
contract;
b. exceptasprovidedintheseRules,extendorabbreviateanytimelimitsprescribedunder
theseRulesorbyitsdirections;
c. conductsuchenquiriesasmayappeartotheTribunaltobenecessaryorexpedient;
d. orderthePartiestomakeanypropertyoritemintheirpossessionorcontrolavailablefor
inspection;
e. orderthepreservation,storage,saleordisposalofanypropertyoritemwhichisorforms
partofthesubjectmatterofthedispute;
f. orderanyPartytoproducetotheTribunalandtotheotherPartiesforinspection,andto
supplycopiesof,anydocumentintheirpossessionorcontrolwhichtheTribunalconsiders
relevanttothecaseandmaterialtoitsoutcome;
g. issueanorderorAwardforthereimbursementofunpaiddepositstowardsthecostsof
thearbitration;
h. directanyPartyorpersontogiveevidencebyaffidavitorinanyotherform;
i. directanyPartytotakeorrefrainfromtakingactionstoensurethatanyAwardwhich
maybemadeinthearbitrationisnotrenderedineffectualbythedissipationofassetsbya
Partyorotherwise;
j. orderanyPartytoprovidesecurityforlegalorothercostsinanymannertheTribunal
thinksfit;
k. order any Party to provide security for all or part of any amount in dispute in the
arbitration;
l. orderthedisclosureoftheexistenceofaPartysthirdpartyfundingarrangementand/or
theidentityofthethirdpartyfunderand,whereappropriate,detailsofthethirdparty
fundersinterestintheoutcomeoftheproceedings,and/orwhetherornotthethirdparty
funderhascommittedtoundertakeadversecostsliability;
m. proceedwiththearbitrationnotwithstandingthefailureorrefusalofanyPartytocomply
withtheseRulesorwiththeTribunalsordersordirectionsoranypartialAwardorto
attend any meeting or hearing, and to impose such sanctions as the Tribunal deems
appropriateinrelationtosuchfailureorrefusal;
n. decide,whereappropriate,anyissuenotexpresslyorimpliedlyraisedinthesubmissions
ofaPartyprovidedsuchissuehasbeenclearlybroughttothenoticeoftheotherPartyand
thatotherPartyhasbeengivenadequateopportunitytorespond;
o. determinethelawapplicabletoanyaspectofthearbitration;and
p. determineanyclaimoflegalorotherprivilege.

25. JurisdictionoftheTribunal
25.1 IfanyPartyobjectstotheexistenceorvalidityofthearbitrationclause,theapplicabilityofthese
RulesorthecompetenceofSIACtoadministerthearbitration,beforetheTribunalisconstituted,
theRegistrarshalldetermineifsuchobjectionshallbereferredtotheCourt.IftheRegistrarso
determines,theCourtshalldecideifitisprimafaciesatisfiedthatthearbitrationshallproceed.
ThearbitrationshallbeterminatediftheCourtisnotsosatisfied.AnydecisionbytheRegistrar
ortheCourtthatthearbitrationshallproceediswithoutprejudicetothepoweroftheTribunal
toruleonitsownjurisdiction.
25.2 TheTribunalshallhavethepowertoruleonitsownjurisdiction,includinganyobjectionswith
respecttotheexistence,validityorscopeofthearbitrationclauseortheadmissibilityofany
claimorcounterclaim.Anarbitrationclausewhichformspartofacontract,treaty,statuteor
otherinstrumentshallbetreatedasaclauseindependentoftheothertermsofthecontract,
treaty,statuteorotherinstrument.AdecisionbytheTribunalthatthecontract,treaty,statute
orotherinstrumentisnullandvoidshallnotentailipsojuretheinvalidityofthearbitration
clause,andtheTribunalshallnotceasetohavejurisdictionbyreasonofanyallegationthatthe
contract,treaty,statuteorotherinstrumentisnonexistentornullandvoid.
25.3 AnyobjectionthattheTribunal:
a. does not have jurisdiction shall be raised no later than in a CounterMemorial or in a

Rejoinder;orattheequivalentstageoftheproceedings,asdeterminedbytheTribunal,if
analternateformofwrittensubmissionshasbeenadoptedpursuanttoRule17.1;or
b. is exceedingthe scope of its jurisdiction shall be raised within28 daysafter the matter
allegedtobebeyondthescopeoftheTribunalsjurisdictionarisesduringthearbitration.
TheTribunalmayadmitanobjectionraisedbyaPartyoutsidethetimelimitsunderthisRule
25.3ifitconsidersthedelayjustified.APartyisnotprecludedfromraisinganobjectionunder
this Rule 25.3 by the fact that it has nominated, or participated in the nomination of, an
arbitrator.
25.4 TheTribunalmayruleonanobjectionreferredtoinRule25.3eitherasapreliminaryquestion
orinanAwardonthemerits.
25.5 APartymayrelyonaclaimordefenceforthepurposeofasetofftotheextentpermittedby
theseRulesandtheapplicablelaw.

26. EarlyDismissalofClaimsandDefences
26.1 APartymayapplytotheTribunalfortheearlydismissalofaclaimordefenceonthebasisthat:
a. aclaimordefenceismanifestlywithoutlegalmerit;
b. aclaimordefenceismanifestlyoutsidethejurisdictionoftheTribunal;or
c. aclaimordefenceismanifestlyinadmissible.
26.2 AnapplicationfortheearlydismissalofaclaimordefenceunderRule26.1shallstateindetail
thefactsandlegalbasissupportingtheapplication.ThePartyapplyingforearlydismissalshall,
atthesametimeasitfilestheapplicationwiththeTribunal,sendacopyoftheapplicationto
theotherParty,andshallnotifytheTribunalthatithasdoneso,specifyingthemodeofservice
employedandthedateofservice.
26.3 TheTribunalmay,initsdiscretion,allowtheapplicationfortheearlydismissalofaclaimor
defenceunderRule26.1toproceed.Iftheapplicationisallowedtoproceed,theTribunalshall,
aftergivingthePartiestheopportunitytobeheard,decidewhethertogrant,inwholeorin
part,theapplicationforearlydismissalunderRule26.1.
26.4 If the application is allowed to proceed, the Tribunal shall make an order or Award on the
application,withreasons,whichmaybeinsummaryform.TheorderorAwardshallbemade
within90daysofthedateoffilingoftheapplication,unless,inexceptionalcircumstances,the
Registrarextendsthetime.

27. InterimandEmergencyInterimRelief
27.1 TheTribunalmay,attherequestofaParty,issueanorderoranAwardgrantinganinjunction
oranyotherinterimreliefitdeemsappropriate.TheTribunalmayorderthePartyrequesting
interimrelieftoprovideappropriatesecurityinconnectionwiththereliefsought.
27.2 ArequestforinterimreliefmadebyaPartytoajudicialauthoritypriortotheconstitutionof
theTribunal,orinexceptionalcircumstancesthereafter,isnotincompatiblewiththeseRules.
27.3 If a Party makes a request for interim relief prior to the constitution of the Tribunal, the
Registrarmay,ontheapplicationofeitherParty,fixtimelimitsforthePartiestofilewritten
submissionsontherequest.Therequestforinterimreliefandanywrittensubmissionsshallbe
forwardedtotheTribunaluponitsconstitution.
27.4 If the Parties expressly agree on the application of the Emergency Arbitrator provisions set
forthinSchedule1,aPartyinneedofemergencyinterimreliefpriortotheconstitutionofthe
TribunalmayapplyforsuchreliefpursuanttotheproceduressetforthinSchedule1.

28. ApplicableLaw,AmiableCompositeurandExAequoetBono
28.1 TheTribunalshallapplythelaworrulesoflawdesignatedbythePartiesasapplicabletothe
substanceofthedispute.FailingsuchdesignationbytheParties,theTribunalshallapplythe
laworrulesoflawwhichitdeterminestobeappropriate,includinganyrelevantnationallaws
ofanyState,anyrelevantinternationaltreatiesandcustomandgeneralprinciplesoflaw.
28.2 The Tribunal shall decide as amiable compositeur or ex aequo et bono only if the Parties have
expresslyauthorisedittodoso.
28.3 Inallcases,theTribunalshalldecideinaccordancewiththetermsofthecontract,treaty,statute
orotherinstrument,ifany,andshalltakeintoaccountanyapplicableusageoftrade.

29. ThirdPartySubmissions
29.1 BywrittennoticetotheRegistrarandtheParties,aNondisputingContractingPartymaymake
written submissions to the Tribunal, but only on a question of treaty interpretation that is
directly relevant to the dispute. The Tribunal may also, after considering the views of the
Partiesandhavingregardtothecircumstancesofthecase,invitewrittensubmissionsfroma
NondisputingContractingPartyunderthisRule29.1.
29.2 BywrittennoticetotheRegistrarandtheParties,aNondisputingContractingPartyorNon
disputingPartymayapplytotheTribunalfortherighttomakewrittensubmissionsregarding
amatterwithinthescopeofthedispute.TheTribunalmayalso,afterconsideringtheviewsof
thePartiesandhavingregardtothecircumstancesofthecase,invitewrittensubmissionsfrom
aNondisputingContractingPartyorNondisputingPartyunderthisRule29.2.
29.3 IndeterminingwhethertoallowanapplicationunderRule29.2toproceed,theTribunalshall
considertheviewsofthePartiesand,amongotherthings,theextenttowhich:
a. the Nondisputing Contracting Partys or Nondisputing Partys written submissions

would assist the Tribunal in the determination of a factual or legal issue related to the
proceedingsbybringingaperspective,particularknowledgeorinsightthatisdifferent
fromthatoftheParties;
b. the Nondisputing Contracting Partys or Nondisputing Partys written submissions

wouldonlyaddressamatterwithinthescopeofthedispute;
c. theNondisputingContractingPartyorNondisputingPartyhasasufficientinterestin
thearbitralproceedingsand/oranyotherrelatedproceedings;and
d. allowingthewrittensubmissionswouldviolatethePartiesrighttoconfidentiality.
29.4 Any Nondisputing Contracting Party or Nondisputing Party that files any written
submissionsunderthisRule29shallbedeemedtohaveconsentedtoadministrationbySIAC
inaccordancewiththeseRulesandsubmittedtotheauthorityoftheTribunal.
29.5 The Tribunal may, where appropriate, determine the form and content of any written
submissions under this Rule 29. The Parties shall have the right to respond to such written
submissions.
29.6 The Tribunal shall decide which further written submissions shall be required from a Non
disputingContractingPartyorNondisputingParty.TheTribunalshallfixtheperiodsoftime
forcommunicatingsuchwrittensubmissions.
29.7 TheTribunalmay,ifeitherPartysorequestsortheTribunalsodecides,holdahearingfora
NondisputingContractingPartyorNondisputingPartytoelaborateonorbeexaminedonits
writtensubmissions.
29.8 The Tribunal may order that a Nondisputing Contracting Party or Nondisputing Party be
providedwithaccesstodocumentsrelatedtotheproceedings,includingsubmissions,evidence,
orders, decisions, Awards and any other documents produced by the Parties or any Non
disputingContractingPartyorNondisputingPartyasmaybenecessaryforitsparticipation
inthearbitration.TheTribunalshalltakeappropriatemeasurestosafeguardtheconfidentiality
ofinformationrelatedtotheproceedingsassetoutinRule37.
29.9 TheTribunalshalltakereasonablestepstoensure,withrespecttoallsubmissionsunderthis
Rule29,thatthesubmissionsdonotunreasonablydisruptthearbitrationorundulyburdenor
unfairlyprejudiceanyoftheParties.
29.10 The Tribunal may refer to and rely on a Nondisputing Contracting Partys and/or Non
disputingPartyssubmissionsinitsorders,decisionsandAwards.

30. Award
30.1 TheTribunalshall,aspromptlyaspossible,afterconsultingwiththePartiesanduponbeing
satisfied that the Parties have no further relevant and material evidence to produce or
submissions to make with respect to the matters to be decided in the Award, declare the
proceedings closed. The Tribunals declaration that the proceedings are closed shall be
communicatedtothePartiesandtotheRegistrar.
30.2 TheTribunalmay,onitsownmotionoruponapplicationofaPartybutbeforeanyAwardis
made, reopen the proceedings. The Tribunals decision that the proceedings are to be re
openedshallbecommunicatedtothePartiesandtotheRegistrar.TheTribunalshallcloseany
reopenedproceedingsinaccordancewithRule30.1.
30.3 BeforemakinganyAward,theTribunalshallsubmitsuchAwardindraftformtotheRegistrar.
UnlesstheRegistrarextendstheperiodoftimeorunlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,the
TribunalshallsubmitthedraftAwardtotheRegistrarnotlaterthan90daysfromthedateon
whichtheTribunaldeclarestheproceedingsclosed.TheRegistrarmay,assoonaspracticable,
suggestmodificationsastotheformoftheAwardand,withoutaffectingtheTribunalsliberty
todecidethedispute,drawtheTribunalsattentiontopointsofsubstance.NoAwardshallbe
madebytheTribunaluntilithasbeenapprovedbytheRegistrarastoitsform.
30.4 TheAwardshallbeinwritingandshallstatethereasonsuponwhichitisbasedunlessthe
Partieshaveagreedthatnoreasonsaretobegiven.
30.5 UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,theTribunalmaymakeseparateAwardsondifferent
issuesatdifferenttimes.
30.6 IfanyarbitratorfailstocooperateinthemakingoftheAward,havingbeengivenareasonable
opportunitytodoso,theremainingarbitratorsmayproceed.Theremainingarbitratorsshall
provide written notice of such refusal or failure to the Registrar, the Parties and the absent
arbitrator.Indecidingwhethertoproceedwiththearbitrationintheabsenceofanarbitrator,
theremainingarbitratorsmaytakeintoaccount,amongotherthings,thestageofthearbitration,
anyexplanationprovidedbytheabsentarbitratorforhisrefusaltoparticipateandtheeffect,if
any,upontheenforceabilityoftheAwardshouldtheremainingarbitratorsproceedwithout
theabsentarbitrator.TheremainingarbitratorsshallexplaininanyAwardmadethereasons
forproceedingwithouttheabsentarbitrator.
30.7 Where there is more than one arbitrator, the Tribunal shall decide by a majority. Failing a
majoritydecision,thepresidingarbitratoraloneshallmaketheAwardfortheTribunal.
30.8 TheAwardshallbedeliveredtotheRegistrar,whoshalltransmitcertifiedcopiestotheParties
uponfullsettlementofthecostsofthearbitration.
30.9 TheTribunalmayawardsimpleorcompoundinterestonanysumwhichisthesubjectofthe
arbitrationatsuchratesasthePartiesmayhaveagreedor,intheabsenceofsuchagreement,
as the Tribunal determines to be appropriate, in respect of any period which the Tribunal
determinestobeappropriate.
30.10 In the eventofasettlement, and if the Parties so request, the Tribunal may make a consent
Awardrecordingthesettlement.IfthePartiesdonotrequireaconsentAward,thePartiesshall
confirmtotheRegistrarthatasettlementhasbeenreached,followingwhichtheTribunalshall
bedischargedandthearbitrationconcludeduponfullsettlementofthecostsofthearbitration.
30.11 SubjecttoRule31(andSchedule1ifexpresslyagreed),byagreeingtoarbitrationunderthese
Rules,thePartiesagreethatanyAwardshallbefinalandbindingonthePartiesfromthedate
itismade,andundertaketocarryouttheAwardimmediatelyandwithoutdelay.TheParties
alsoirrevocablywaivetheirrightstoanyformofappeal,revieworrecoursetoanyStatecourt
orotherjudicialauthoritywithrespecttosuchAwardinsofarassuchwaivermaybevalidly
made.

31. CorrectionofAwards,InterpretationofAwardsandAdditionalAwards
31.1 Within30daysofreceiptofanAward,aPartymay,bywrittennoticetotheRegistrarandthe
otherParty,requesttheTribunaltocorrectintheAwardanyerrorincomputation,anyclerical
ortypographicalerrororanyerrorofasimilarnature.IftheTribunalconsiderstherequestto
bejustified,itshallmakethecorrectionwithin30daysofreceiptoftherequest.Anycorrection,
madeintheoriginalAwardorinaseparatememorandum,shallconstitutepartoftheAward.
31.2 TheTribunalmaycorrectanyerrorofthetypereferredtoinRule31.1onitsowninitiative
within30daysofthedateoftheAward.
otherParty,requesttheTribunaltomakeanadditionalAwardastoclaimspresentedinthe
arbitrationbutnotdealtwithintheAward.IftheTribunalconsiderstherequesttobejustified,
itshallmaketheadditionalAwardwithin45daysofreceiptoftherequest.
other Party, request the Tribunal to give an interpretation of the Award. If the Tribunal
considerstherequesttobejustified,itshallprovidetheinterpretationinwritingwithin45days
ofreceiptoftherequest.TheinterpretationshallformpartoftheAward.
31.5 TheRegistrarmay,ifnecessary,extendtheperiodoftimewithinwhichtheTribunalshallmake
acorrectionofanAward,interpretationofanAwardoranadditionalAwardunderthisRule
31.
31.6 TheprovisionsofRule30shallapplyinthesamemannerwiththenecessaryorappropriate
changes in relation to a correction of an Award, interpretation of an Award and to any
additionalAwardmade.

32. FeesandDeposits
32.1 The Tribunals fees and SIACs fees shall be ascertained in accordance with the applicable
ScheduleofFeesinforceatthetimeofcommencementofthearbitration.ThePartiesmayagree
to alternative methods of determining the Tribunals fees prior to the constitution of the
Tribunal.
32.2 The Registrar shall fix the amount of deposits payable towards the costs of the arbitration.
UnlesstheRegistrardirectsotherwise,50%ofsuchdepositsshallbepayablebytheClaimant
andtheremaining50%ofsuchdepositsshallbepayablebytheRespondent.TheRegistrarmay
fixseparatedepositsoncostsforclaimsandcounterclaims,respectively.
32.3 Wheretheamountoftheclaimorthecounterclaimisnotquantifiableatthetimepaymentis
due,aprovisionalestimateofthecostsofthearbitrationshallbemadebytheRegistrar.Such
estimatemaybebasedonthenatureofthecontroversyandthecircumstancesofthecase.This
estimatemaybeadjustedinlightofsuchinformationasmaysubsequentlybecomeavailable.
32.4 TheRegistrarmayfromtimetotimedirectPartiestomakefurtherdepositstowardsthecosts
ofthearbitration.
32.5 ThePartiesarejointlyandseverallyliableforthecostsofthearbitration.AnyPartyisfreeto
paythewholeofthedepositstowardsthecostsofthearbitrationshouldtheotherPartyfailto
payitsshare.
32.6 IfaPartyfailstopaythedepositsdirectedbytheRegistrareitherwhollyorinpart:
a. theTribunalmaysuspenditsworkandtheRegistrarmaysuspendSIACsadministration
ofthearbitration,inwholeorinpart;and
b. theRegistrarmay,afterconsultationwiththeTribunal(ifconstituted)andafterinforming
theParties,setatimelimitontheexpiryofwhichtherelevantclaimsorcounterclaims
shallbeconsideredaswithdrawnwithoutprejudicetothePartyreintroducingthesame
claimsorcounterclaimsinanotherproceeding.
32.7 In all cases, the costs of the arbitration shall be finally determined by the Registrar at the
conclusionoftheproceedings.Iftheclaimand/orcounterclaimisnotquantified,theRegistrar
shallfinallydeterminethecostsofthearbitration,assetoutinRule33,inhisdiscretion.The
Registrar shall have regard to all the circumstances of the case, including the stage of
proceedingsatwhichthearbitrationconcluded.Intheeventthatthecostsofthearbitration
determinedarelessthanthedepositsmade,thereshallbearefundinsuchproportionsasthe
Partiesmayagree,orfailinganagreement,inthesameproportionsasthedepositsweremade.
32.8 AlldepositstowardsthecostsofthearbitrationshallbemadetoandheldbySIAC.Anyinterest
whichmayaccrueonsuchdepositsshallberetainedbySIAC.
32.9 Inexceptionalcircumstances,theRegistrarmaydirectthePartiestopayanadditionalfee,in
additiontothatprescribedintheapplicableScheduleofFees,aspartofSIACsadministration
fees.

33. CostsoftheArbitration
33.1 UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,theTribunalshallspecifyintheAwardthetotalamount
of the costs of the arbitration. Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties, the Tribunal shall
determineintheAwardtheapportionmentofthecostsofthearbitrationamongtheParties.
TheTribunalmaytakeintoaccountanythirdpartyfundingarrangementsinapportioningthe
costsofthearbitration.
33.2 Thetermcostsofthearbitrationincludes:
a. theTribunalsfeesandexpensesandtheEmergencyArbitratorsfeesandexpenseswhere
applicable;
b. SIACsadministrativefeesandexpenses;and
c. thecostsofanyexpertappointedbytheTribunalandofanyotherassistancereasonably
requiredbytheTribunal.

34. TribunalsFeesandExpenses
34.1 The fees of the Tribunal shall be fixed by the Registrar in accordance with the applicable
ScheduleofFeesor,ifapplicable,withthemethodagreedbythePartiespursuanttoRule32.1,
and the stage of the proceedings at which the arbitration concluded. In exceptional
circumstances,theRegistrarmaydeterminethatanadditionalfeeoverthatprescribedinthe
applicableScheduleofFeesshallbepaid.
34.2 TheTribunalsreasonableoutofpocketexpensesnecessarilyincurredandotherallowances
shallbereimbursedinaccordancewiththeapplicablePracticeNote.

35. PartysLegalandOtherCosts
TheTribunalshallhavetheauthoritytoorderinitsAwardthatallorapartofthelegalorother
costsofaPartybepaidbyanotherParty.TheTribunalmaytakeintoaccountanythirdparty
fundingarrangementsinorderinginitsAwardthatallorapartofthelegalorothercostsofa
PartybepaidbyanotherParty.
36. ExclusionofLiability
36.1 Anyarbitrator,includinganyEmergencyArbitrator,anypersonappointedbytheTribunal,
includinganyadministrativesecretaryandanyexpert,thePresident,membersoftheCourt,
andanydirectors,officersandemployeesofSIAC,shallnotbeliableforanynegligence,actor
omissioninconnectionwithanyarbitrationadministeredbySIACinaccordancewiththese
Rules.
36.2 SIAC, including the President, members of the Court, directors, officers, employees or any
arbitrator, including any Emergency Arbitrator, and any person appointed by the Tribunal,
including any administrative secretary and any expert, shall not be under any obligation to
makeanystatementinconnectionwithanyarbitrationadministeredbySIACinaccordance
withtheseRules.ThePresident,anymemberoftheCourt,director,officer,employeeofSIAC,
or any arbitrator, including any Emergency Arbitrator, and any person appointed by the
Tribunal,includinganyadministrativesecretaryandanyexpert,shallnotberequiredtoactas
awitnessinanylegalproceedingsinconnectionwithanyarbitrationadministeredbySIACin
accordancewiththeseRules.

37. Confidentiality
37.1 UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,anyParty,NondisputingContractingPartyandNon
disputing Party, and any arbitrator, including any Emergency Arbitrator, and any person
appointedbytheTribunal,includinganyadministrativesecretaryandanyexpert,shallatall
times treat all matters relating to the proceedings and the Award as confidential. The
discussionsanddeliberationsoftheTribunalshallbeconfidential.
37.2 UnlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties,anyParty,NondisputingContractingPartyandNon
disputing Party, and any arbitrator, including any Emergency Arbitrator, and any person
appointedbytheTribunal,includinganyadministrativesecretaryandanyexpert,shallnot,
withoutthepriorwrittenconsentoftheParties,disclosetoathirdpartyanysuchmatterexcept:
a. forthepurposeofmakinganapplicationtoanycompetentcourtofanyStatetoenforceor
challengetheAward;
b. pursuanttotheorderoforasubpoenaissuedbyacourtofcompetentjurisdiction;
c. forthepurposeofpursuingorenforcingalegalrightorclaim;
d. incompliancewiththeprovisionsofthelawsofanyStatewhicharebindingontheparty
making the disclosure or the request or requirement of any regulatory body or other
authority;
e. for the purpose of facilitating the written submissions or oral submissions of a Non
disputingContractingPartyoraNondisputingPartyunderRule29pursuanttoanorder
bytheTribunalwithpropernoticetotheotherParties;or
f. pursuanttoanorderbytheTribunalonapplicationbyaPartywithpropernoticetothe
otherParties.
37.3 InRule37.1,mattersrelatingtotheproceedingsincludesthepleadings,evidenceandother
materialsinthearbitralproceedingsandallotherdocumentsproducedbyanotherPartyinthe
proceedings or the Award arising from the proceedings, but excludes any matter that is
otherwiseinthepublicdomain.
37.4 TheTribunalhasthepowertotakeappropriatemeasures,includingissuinganorderorAward
forsanctionsorcosts,ifaPartybreachestheprovisionsofthisRule37.

38. Publication
38.1 WherethePartieshaveagreedtoarbitrationinaccordancewiththeseRules,thePartiesshall
bedeemedtohaveagreedthatSIACmaypublishinformationonproceedingsconductedunder
theseRules.
38.2 InformationthatmaybepublishedpursuanttoRule38.1shallbelimitedtothenationalityof
theParties,theidentityandnationalityofthemembersoftheTribunal,thetreaty,statuteor
other instrument under which the arbitration has been commenced, if any, the date of the
commencement of the arbitration and whether the proceedings are ongoing or have been
terminated. SIAC may also publish redacted excerpts of the reasoning of the Tribunal and
redacteddecisionsbytheCourtonchallengestoarbitrators.
38.3 With the express consent of the Parties, SIAC may publish the identity of the Parties, the
contractunderwhichthearbitrationhasbeencommenced,ifany,theidentityoftheParties
counsel,theeconomicsectorandindustrytowhichthedisputerelates,thetotalsumindispute,
details of any procedural steps that have been taken in the proceedings and any orders,
directions,decisionsandAwardsissuedintheproceedings.

39. DecisionsofthePresident,theCourtandtheRegistrar
39.1 ExceptasprovidedintheseRules,thedecisionsofthePresident,theCourtandtheRegistrar
withrespecttoallmattersrelatingtoanarbitrationshallbeconclusiveandbindinguponthe
PartiesandtheTribunal.ThePresident,theCourtandtheRegistrarshallnotberequiredto
provide reasons for such decisions, unless the Court determines otherwise or as may be
providedintheseRules.ThePartiesagreethatthediscussionsanddeliberationsoftheCourt
areconfidential.
39.2 SaveinrespectofRule13.1andRule25.1,thePartieswaiveanyrightofappealorreviewin
respectofanydecisionsofthePresident,theCourtandtheRegistrartoanyStatecourtorother
judicialauthority.

40. GeneralProvisions
40.1 AnyPartythatproceedswiththearbitrationwithoutpromptlyraisinganyobjectiontoafailure
tocomplywithanyprovisionoftheseRules,orofanyotherrulesapplicabletotheproceedings,
anydirectiongivenbytheTribunal,oranyrequirementunderthearbitrationclauserelating
totheconstitutionoftheTribunalortheconductoftheproceedings,shallbedeemedtohave
waiveditsrighttoobject.
40.2 InallmattersnotexpresslyprovidedforintheseRules,thePresident,theCourt,theRegistrar
andtheTribunalshallactinthespiritoftheseRulesandshallmakeeveryreasonableeffortto
ensurethefair,expeditiousandeconomicalconclusionofthearbitrationandtheenforceability
ofanyAward.
40.3 The Registrar may from time to time issue Practice Notes to supplement, regulate and
implement these Rules for the purpose of facilitating the administration of arbitrations
governedbytheseRules.
40.4 In the event of any discrepancy or inconsistency between the English version of the SIAC
Investment Arbitration Rules and any other languages in which the SIAC Investment
ArbitrationRulesarepublished,theEnglishversionshallprevail.
SCHEDULE1
EMERGENCYARBITRATOR
1. IfthePartieshaveexpresslyagreedontheapplicationoftheemergencyarbitratorprovisions
setforthinthisSchedule1,aPartythatwishestoseekemergencyinterimreliefmay,concurrent
with or following the filing of a Notice of Arbitration but prior to the constitution of the
Tribunal,fileanapplicationforemergencyinterimreliefwiththeRegistrar.ThePartyshall,at
the same time as it files the application for emergency interim relief, send a copy of the
applicationtoallotherParties.Theapplicationforemergencyinterimreliefshallinclude:
a. thenatureofthereliefsought;
b. thereasonswhythePartyisentitledtosuchrelief;and
c. a statement certifying that all other Parties have been provided with a copy of the
applicationor,ifnot,anexplanationofthestepstakeningoodfaithtoprovideacopyor
notificationtoallotherParties.
2. Any application for emergency interim relief shall be accompanied by payment of the non
refundable administration fee and the requisite deposits under these Rules towards the
Emergency Arbitrators fees and expenses for proceedings pursuant to this Schedule1. In
appropriatecases,theRegistrarmayincreasetheamountofthedepositsrequestedfromthe
Partymakingtheapplication.Iftheadditionaldepositsarenotpaidwithinthetimelimitset
bytheRegistrar,theapplicationshallbeconsideredaswithdrawn.
3. TheCourtshall,ifitdeterminesthatSIACshouldaccepttheapplicationforemergencyinterim
relief,seektoappointanEmergencyArbitratorwithinonedayofreceiptbytheRegistrarof
suchapplicationandpaymentoftheadministrationfeeanddeposits.
4. If the Parties have agreed on the seat of the arbitration, such seat shall be the seat of the
proceedings for emergency interim relief. Failing such an agreement, the seat of the
proceedingsforemergencyinterimreliefshallbeSingapore,withoutprejudicetotheTribunals
determinationoftheseatofthearbitrationunderRule18.1.
5. Prior to accepting appointment, a prospective Emergency Arbitrator shall disclose to the

Registrar any circumstances that may give rise to justifiable doubts as to his impartiality or
independence.AnychallengetotheappointmentoftheEmergencyArbitratormustbemade
withintwodaysofthecommunicationbytheRegistrartothePartiesoftheappointmentofthe
EmergencyArbitratorandthecircumstancesdisclosed.
6. AnEmergencyArbitratormaynotactasanarbitratorinanyfuturearbitrationrelatingtothe
dispute,unlessotherwiseagreedbytheParties.
7. TheEmergencyArbitratorshall,assoonaspossiblebut,inanyevent,withintwodaysofhis
appointment,establishascheduleforconsiderationoftheapplicationforemergencyinterim
relief. Suchschedule shall provide a reasonable opportunityfor the Parties tobe heard, but
mayprovideforproceedingsbytelephoneorvideoconferenceoronwrittensubmissionsas
alternativestoahearinginperson.TheEmergencyArbitratorshallhavethepowersvestedin
theTribunalpursuanttotheseRules,includingtheauthoritytoruleonhisownjurisdiction,
withoutprejudicetotheTribunalsdetermination.
8. TheEmergencyArbitratorshallhavethepowertoorderorawardanyinterimreliefthathe
deems necessary, including preliminary orders that may be made pending any hearing,
telephoneorvideoconferenceorwrittensubmissionsbytheParties.TheEmergencyArbitrator
shallgivesummaryreasonsforhisdecisioninwriting.TheEmergencyArbitratormaymodify
orvacatethepreliminaryorder,theinterimorderorAwardforgoodcause.
9. TheEmergencyArbitratorshallmakehisinterimorderorAwardwithin14daysfromthedate
of his appointment unless, in exceptional circumstances, the Registrar extends the time. No
interimorderorAwardshallbemadebytheEmergencyArbitratoruntilithasbeenapproved
bytheRegistrarastoitsform.
10. The Emergency Arbitrator shall have no power to act after the Tribunal is constituted. The
Tribunal may reconsider, modify or vacate any interim order or Award issued by the
EmergencyArbitrator,includingarulingonhisownjurisdiction.TheTribunalisnotboundby
the reasons given by the Emergency Arbitrator. Any interim order or Award issued by the
EmergencyArbitratorshall,inanyevent,ceasetobebindingiftheTribunalisnotconstituted
within90daysofsuchorderorAwardorwhentheTribunalmakesafinalAwardorifthe
claimiswithdrawn.
11. AnyinterimorderorAwardbytheEmergencyArbitratormaybeconditionedonprovisionby
thePartyseekingsuchreliefofappropriatesecurity.
12. ThePartiesagreethatanorderorAwardbyanEmergencyArbitratorpursuanttothisSchedule
1shallbebindingonthePartiesfromthedateitismade,andundertaketocarryouttheinterim
orderorAwardimmediatelyandwithoutdelay.ThePartiesalsoirrevocablywaivetheirrights
toanyformofappeal,revieworrecoursetoanyStatecourtorotherjudicialauthoritywith
respecttosuchAwardinsofarassuchwaivermaybevalidlymade.
13. The costs associated with any application pursuant to this Schedule1 may initially be
apportionedbytheEmergencyArbitrator,subjecttothepoweroftheTribunaltodetermine
finallytheapportionmentofsuchcosts.
14. TheseRulesshallapplyasappropriatetoanyproceedingpursuanttothisSchedule1,taking
intoaccounttheurgencyofsuchaproceeding.TheEmergencyArbitratormaydecideinwhat
mannertheseRulesshallapplyasappropriate,andhisdecisionastosuchmattersisfinaland
notsubjecttoappeal,revieworrecourse.TheRegistrarmayabbreviateanytimelimitsunder
these Rules in applications made pursuant to proceedings commenced under Rule 27.4 and
Schedule1.
SCHEDULEOFFEES
(AllsumsstatedareinSingaporedollars)
ThisScheduleofFeesiseffectiveasof1January2017andisapplicabletoallarbitrationscommenced
undertheSIACInvestmentArbitrationRulesonorafter1January2017.
FILINGFEE+(NonRefundable)
SingaporeParties S$2,140*
OverseasParties S$2,000
+AfilingfeeisapplicabletoallarbitrationsconductedpursuanttoandadministeredbySIACinaccordance
withtheSIACInvestmentArbitrationRules,andtoeachclaimorcounterclaim.
*Feeincludes7%GST.
ADMINISTRATIONFEES
The administration fee calculatedin accordance with theSchedule below applies to allarbitrations
conductedpursuanttoandadministeredbySIACinaccordancewiththeSIACInvestmentArbitration
RulesandisthemaximumamountpayabletoSIAC.
SuminDispute(S$) AdministrationFees(S$)
Upto50,000 3,800
50,001to100,000 3,800+2.200%excessover50,000
100,001to500,000 4,900+1.200%excessover100,000
500,001to1,000,000 9,700+1.000%excessover500,000
1,000,001to2,000,000 14,700+0.650%excessover1,000,000
2,000,001to5,000,000 21,200+0.320%excessover2,000,000
5,000,001to10,000,000 30,800+0.160%excessover5,000,000
10,000,001to50,000,000 38,800+0.095%excessover10,000,000
50,000,001to80,000,000 76,800+0.040%excessover50,000,000
80,000,001to100,000,000 88,800+0.031%excessover80,000,000
Above100,000,000 95,000
Theadministrationfeedoesnotincludethefollowing:
FeesandexpensesoftheTribunal;
Usagecostoffacilitiesandsupportservicesforandinconnectionwithanyhearing(e.g.hearing
roomsandequipment,transcriptionandinterpretationservices);and
SIACsadministrativeexpenses.

SIACwillchargeaminimumadministrationfeeofS$3,800,payableforallcasesconductedpursuant
toandadministeredbySIACinaccordancewiththeSIACInvestmentArbitrationRules,unlessthe
Registrarotherwisedetermines.
ARBITRATORSFEES
For arbitrations conducted pursuant to and administered by SIAC in accordance with the SIAC
Investment Arbitration Rules, the fee calculated in accordance with the Schedule below is the
maximumamountpayabletoeacharbitrator,unlessthePartieshaveagreedtoanalternativemethod
ofdeterminingtheTribunalsfeespursuanttoRule32.1.
SuminDispute(S$) ArbitratorsFees(S$)
Upto50,000 6,250
50,001to100,000 6,250+13.800%excessover50,000
100,001to500,000 13,150+6.500%excessover100,000
500,001to1,000,000 39,150+4.850%excessover500,000
1,000,001to2,000,000 63,400+2.750%excessover1,000,000
2,000,001to5,000,000 90,900+1.200%excessover2,000,000
5,000,001to10,000,000 126,900+0.700%excessover5,000,000
10,000,001to50,000,000 161,900+0.300%excessover10,000,000
50,000,001to80,000,000 281,900+0.160%excessover50,000,000
80,000,001to100,000,000 329,900+0.075%excessover80,000,000
100,000,001to500,000,000 344,900+0.065%excessover100,000,000
605,000+0.040%excessover500,000,000
Above500,000,000
uptoamaximumof2,000,000
EMERGENCYINTERIMRELIEFFEES
ThefollowingfeesshallbepayableinanapplicationforemergencyinterimreliefunderRule27.4and
Schedule1totheSIACInvestmentArbitrationRules:
AnapplicationunderRule27.4andSchedule1mustbeaccompaniedbyapaymentofthefollowing:
1. AdministrationFeeforEmergencyArbitratorApplications(NonRefundable):
*Feeincludes7%GST.

2. EmergencyArbitratorsFeesandDeposits:ThedepositstowardstheEmergencyArbitrators
fees and expenses shall be fixed at S$30,000, unless the Registrar determines otherwise
pursuant to Schedule 1 to these Rules. The Emergency Arbitrators fees shall be fixed at
S$25,000,unlesstheRegistrardeterminesotherwisepursuanttoSchedule1totheseRules.
CHALLENGEFEE(NonRefundable)
APartysubmittinganoticeofchallengeshallmakepaymentofthefollowingchallengefeepursuant
toRule12.3:
*Feeincludes7%GST.

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INVESTMENTARBITRATIONRULESOFTHESINGAPORE

Award includes a partial, interim or final award and an award of an Emergency

SIAC Investment Arbitration Rules or Rules mean the Investment Arbitration

2.1 For the purposes of theseRules,any notice, communication or proposalshallbe in writing.

a. does not have jurisdiction shall be raised no later than in a CounterMemorial or in a

a. the Nondisputing Contracting Partys or Nondisputing Partys written submissions

b. the Nondisputing Contracting Partys or Nondisputing Partys written submissions

5. Prior to accepting appointment, a prospective Emergency Arbitrator shall disclose to the

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