RAFFLES INSTITUTION

H2 Mathematics (9758)
2017 Year 5

Promotion Exam Practice Paper 1: Questions and Solutions

(Adapted from 2011 RI Promotion and Preliminary Examinations)
n2
1 Find 2
r 1
2r
4r 2 , giving your answer in terms of n.
n
1
[You may use the result r
r 1
2

6
n(n 1)(2n 1).] [3]

1 Solution Comments
2 2 2

2 4 r 2 4 r 4 r 2
n n n
2r

r 1 r 1 r 1
2
Write out the first few
4(4n 1) 1 n2
4 (n 2 )(n 2 1)(2n 2 1)
4 1 6
terms of 2
r 1
2r
to
4 2 2 obtain the first term and
(4n 1) (n 2 )(n 2 1)(2n 2 1)
3 3 common ratio of the GP

2 The computer company call Orange manufactures the latest electronic gadget in town
called the iBoard with 3 different storage capacities namely 16GB, 32GB and 64GB. The
profit earned from each unit sold is as shown in the table below.

Storage Capacity 16GB 32GB 64GB

Profit $x $y $z

Within the first week after it was officially launched, the sales from 3 of its outlets for the
three different storage capacities is as shown below.

Storage Capacity 16GB 32GB 64GB

Outlet A 75 120 20
Outlet B 180 230 70
Outlet C 45 50 10

The total profit collected from outlets B and C are $38 750 and $8750 respectively. If the
total profit earned due to both the sales of 16GB and 32GB iBoard is equal to 12 times
the total profit earned from the sales of the 64GB iBoard, find the value of x, y and z . [3]

Find the total profit collected from outlet A. [1]

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2 Solution
180 x 230 y 70 z 38750
45 x 50 y 10 z 8750
300 x 400 y 12(100 z ) 3x 4 y 12 z 0

From GC, x 100, y 75, z 50

Profit collected by outlet A

$100(75) $75(120) $50(20) $17500

3 The functions f and g are defined as follows:

f(x) sin 1 (2 x 2 1), x , 1 x 0,
g(x) e x 1, x , x 0.

k
Show that f '( x) for a non-zero constant k to be determined. [3]
1 x2
Hence, find (fg)'( x) . [2]

3 Solution Comments
1
f '( x) (4 x)
1 (2 x 2 1) 2
4x

4 x 2 (1 x 2 )
x 2
Note that
x 1 x2
x2 x
2
1 x 0 x when x 0
1 x2
k 2

d
fg '(x)
dx
fg x
d
f g x
dx

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d d g x
f g x by Chain Rule
d g x dx
2
(e x ) by using (i)
x
1 (e 1) 2

2e x

2e x e 2 x
2e x
=
e 2 x 2e x 1
2
=
2e x 1

4 Given that one of the roots of the equation z 4 az 3 10 z 25 0 is 1 2i where a is

real, show that a = 2. Without using the graphing calculator, find the other roots of the
equation in exact form. [4]

Hence find the roots of the equation ( w 1) 4 2( w 1)3 10( w 1) 25 0 , giving your
answers in exact form. [2]

4 Solution Comments
Since coefficients of equation are real, 1 2i is also a root. Alternatively, you can
( z 1 2i)( z 1 2i) = z 2 2 z 5 substitute z 1 2i into

z 4 az 3 10 z 25 z 2 2 z 5 z 2 bz 5 z 4 az 3 10 z 25 0
to solve for a.
Comparing coefficients of
z : 10 10 5b b 0
z 3 : a 2 a 2 (shown)

z 4 2 z 3 10 z 25 0

z2 2z 5 z2 5 0
z 1 2i or z 5
So the other roots of the equation are 1 2i or 5

( w 1) 4 2( w 1)3 10( w 1) 25 0
(1 w) 4 2(1 w)3 10(1 w) 25 0
Let z 1 w.
Therefore w = 2i, 2i, 1 5, 1 5

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ax b
5 It is given that the curve y f( x), where f(x) , where a, b,c are constants, has an
2x c
asymptote x . The point A with coordinates 2 , lies on the curve. The tangent to
1 5
2 3
2
the curve at A has gradient .
9
(i) Write down the value of c. [1]
(ii) Show that a = 4 and b = 3 . [3]
(iii) Sketch the curve y f( x), stating the equations of any asymptotes and the
coordinates of the points where the curve crosses the axes. [3]

5 Solution Comments
(i) c 1

(ii) ax b dy a (2 x 1) 2( ax b)
y
2x 1 dx (2 x 1) 2

5 dy 3a 2(2a b) 2
At 2, ,
3 dx (3) 2 9
a 2b 2
a 2b 2
9 9

5 2a b Point A lies on the

Also, 2a b 5
3 3 curve

Solving, we have a 4, b 3

(iii)

4x 3 1
y 2
2x 1 2x 1
0,3

y2

O 3
,0
4

1
x
2

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6 A graphing calculator is not to be used in answering this question.

5 3i
(a) Express w in the form x yi and find | w | . [3]
3i
(b) Given that (2 z i)* ( z 3)i , find the complex number z, giving your answer in
the form a bi . [5]
6 Solution Comments
(a) 5 3i 3 i 15 14i 3 12 14 6 7 Sufficient working has to
w i= i
3i 3i 9 1 10 10 5 5 be shown as graphing
36 49 17
| w | or 3.4 calculator is not to be used.
25 25 5
(b) Let z a bi where a , b .
(2 z i)* z 3 i
2a 2bi i a bi 3 i
*

2a 2b 1 i b a 3 i
Compare real and imaginary parts to get
2 a b b 2a ----- (1)
2b 1 a 3 a 2b 4------(2)
Substituting (1) into (2):
a 4 a 4
4 8
a and (1) b
3 3
4 8
z i .
3 3
6 3
7 The line l has equation r 3 2 , , where s is a real constant. The plane


s 0
2 4 1
1 has vector equation r 0 t 0 , , , where t is a real constant. It


1 1 2
is given that l is parallel to 1 .
2
(i) Given that the equation of 1 in scalar product form is r. 3 5 , deduce the

1
value of t. [2]
(ii) Given that the point A (2, 9, 14) is obtained by reflecting the point B (6, 3, s ) ,
in the plane 1 , find the value of s . [3]
The plane 2 contains both l and A.
(iii) Explain why 1 and 2 intersect each other at right angles. Hence, or otherwise,
find the shortest distance from A to the line of intersection between 1 and 2 .[3]

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7 Solution

(i) 4 4 2
Since t is parallel to 1 , t 3 0

1 1 1
So 8 3t 1 0 t 3

OR
Take a point on 1 ,
2 4 6
e.g. the point with position vector 0 t t where 1, 0 .

1 1 2
6 2
Hence t 3 5

2 1
12 +3t + 2 = 5 t = 3

OR
4 1 2t
A normal vector to 1 is t 0 9 .

1 2 t
2t 2
Since 9 is parallel to 3 ,


t 1
2t 2
9 m 3 for some m \{0}.

t 1
t m

9 3m
m 3, t 3
(ii) 6 2 4 2

Since AB 1 , AB 3 9 6 // 3
s 14 s 14 1

4 2

So 6 k 3 for some k \{0}
s 14 1

4 2k
k 2, s 16
s 14 k
2

(iii) Now equation of 1 is r 3 5
1

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By considering equation of l, B is observed to be on l.

Since AB 1 , hence 1 2 .

Perpendicular distance from A to intersection line

12 AB
4
1 6 from (ii)
2
2
= 1
2 2 22 32 12
14 units

OR
Perpendicular distance from A to intersection line
= Perpendicular distance from A to 1
2 2
9 3 5

14 1 4 27 14 5
= = = 14 units
2 22 32 12
3

1
OR
Take a point on 1 , e.g. C(1, 1, 0).
Perpendicular distance from A to intersection line
= Perpendicular distance from A to 1

2 1 2
AC 3 10 3

1 14 1 2 30 14
14 units
2 22 32 12 14
3

1

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8 In the diagram below, a soccer player, represented by the point S, is running with a ball
along the touchline, represented by the x-axis. The goalposts are represented by the points
A and B. It is assumed that s 0.
y

(0,3) B

(0, 2) A

O x
S(s, 0)

( s 2 6)2
(i) By applying the cosine rule, show that cos 2 . [2]
( s 2 4)( s 2 9)

( s 2 6)2
(ii) Let f ( s) 2 . Express f ( s ) in the form of
( s 4)( s 2 9)
P Q
f ( s) 1 2 2 , where P and Q are constants to be determined. Hence
s 4 s 9
find f '( s ). [4]
(iii) The soccer player decides to shoot when ASB is maximum. Using your
result from (ii), determine the exact value of s at which the soccer player should
shoot, justifying your answer. [4]

8 Solution
(i) Applying the cosine rule to ASB, we have
AB 2 AS 2 BS 2 2( AS )( BS ) cos
(3 2) 2 ( 22 s 2 ) 2 ( 32 s 2 ) 2 2 22 s 2 32 s 2 cos .
Rearranging we have
4 s2 9 s2 1 s2 6
cos ,
2 4 s2 9 s2 4 s2 9 s2
which upon squaring both sides gives the desired result.

(ii) We have
( s 2 6) 2 P Q
1 2 2 ,
( s 4)( s 9)
2 2
s 4 s 9
so
( s 2 6) 2 ( s 2 4)( s 2 9) P( s 2 9) Q( s 2 4).

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Comparing coefficients
of constant: 9 P 4Q 36 36 9 P 4Q 0
of s 2 : 9+4+P +Q =12 P Q 1
so
4 9
P and Q .
5 5
Thus
1 4 9
f (s) 1 2 2
5 s 4 s 9
and
2s 9 4
f '( s ) 2 2 2
.
5 ( s 9) ( s 4)
2

(iii) cos 2 f(s)

For acute , cos is a decreasing function, so is maximum when cos is
minimum, ie, f(s) is minimum.
When f '( s ) 0 , we have
2s 9 4
2 2 2
0
5 ( s 9) ( s 4)
2

9 4
2 0 (as s 0)
( s 9) ( s 4) 2
2 2

9 4
2
( s 9)
2 2
( s 4) 2
3 2
2 (as all quantities are positive)
s 9 s 4
2

Thus s 2 6, giving s 6 as s 0.

2s 9 4 2 s (5s 2 32)( s 2 6)
f '( s ) 2 .
5 ( s 9) 2 ( s 2 4) 2 5 ( s 2 9) 2 ( s 2 4) 2
2s 5s 2 32
Since s 0, 2 2
0
5 ( s 9) ( s 4)
2 2

This implies that

s 6 6 6
s2 6 0 0 0
f '( s ) 0 0 0
f (s) __
s 6 gives the minimum value of f(s) which corresponds to the maximum
value of . Hence the soccer player should shoot when s 6.

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9 A curve is defined by the parametric equations

x 1 cos t , y t sin t , for 0 t .
(i) Sketch the curve, indicating the coordinates of the end points. [2]
(ii) Show that the equation of the tangent at the point (1 cos , sin ) , where 0 ,
is given by
1 cos
y x . [5]
sin
(iii) Let O denote the origin. The tangent at (1 cos , sin ) meets the x and y axes at
P and Q respectively, so that OPQ is an isosceles triangle. Find the value of . Hence
find the area of triangle OPQ. [3]
9 Solution Comments
(i)
y Remember to change the
(2,) WINDOW setting
(Tmin and Tmax) to
correspond to the given
x 1 cos t , y t sin t values of t.
Give the coordinates of
x the end points.
(0,0)

When x 0, cos t 1 t 0 y 0
When y 0, t sin t 0 t 0 x 0
When t , x 1 (1) 2 and y sin
(ii) dx dy
sin t , 1 cos t
dt dt
dy 1 cos
At the point (1 cos , sin ),
dx sin

Equation of tangent is

1 cos
y sin x 1 cos
sin
1 cos 1 cos
y x cos 1 sin
sin sin
1 cos cos 2 1 sin 2
y x
sin sin Use the identity
1 cos sin 2 cos 2 1
y x (Shown)
sin

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(iii) Since OPQ is an isosceles triangle, gradient of tangent line Use GC to solve for
found in (ii) is 1
1 cos
1 1.5708 1.57 (3 s.f.)
sin

When x 0, y
OP OQ
1
Hence area of OPQ (1.5708)2 1.23 (3 s.f.)
2

10 The diagram below shows an n by n array that contains n 2 positive real numbers where
n 4.
Column
1 2 3 4 n
1 a11 a12 a13 a14 a1n
2 a21 a22 a23 a24 a2 n
Row 3 a31 a32 a33 a34 a3n
4 a41 a42 a43 a44 a4 n

n an1 an 2 an 3 an 4 ann

4 2 3
It is given that a24 , a42 , a43 .
9 81 81
The numbers in each column form a geometric progression with the same common ratio r
and the numbers in each row form an arithmetic progression.

(i) Find the value of a44 . [1]

1
(ii) Hence, show that r . [2]
3

The first row of numbers has common difference d.

1
(iii) By expressing a24 and a42 in terms of a11 and d, show that a11 d . [3]
3
k
(iv) Hence show that akk for all 1 k n . [2]
3k

Let S n a11 a22 a33 ann .

1 3 1 n
(v) By considering Sn Sn or otherwise, show that Sn 1 n for all
3 4 3 2(3n )
n 1. [3]

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10 Solution
(i) Since a42 , a43 , a44 are in AP,
a44 a43 a43 a42
3 2 4
a44 2a43 a42 2 .
81 81 81
(ii) Since a24 , a34 , a44 are in GP,
4 4 1 1
a44 a24 r 2 r 2 r 2 r
81 9 9 3
1
Since the array contains positive real numbers, r > 0 so r .
3

(iii) We have
1
a24 a14 r (a11 3d )r (a11 3d ) ...(1)
3
1
a42 a12 r 3 (a11 d )r 3 (a11 d ) ...(2)
27
Hence
4 1 4
a24 (a11 3d ) a11 3d
9 3 3
2 1 2
a42 (a11 d ) a11 d
81 27 3
Solving both equations (via GC) or simply subtracting the 2nd equation from the 1st, we get
1
a11 d .
3
4 3 1
Alternatively, considering the 4th row, common difference= a44 a43
81 81 81
1 1
a42 a41 a11r 3 . Solve simultaneously with (1).
81 81

(iv) Method 1 Method 2

akk a1k r k 1 akk ak1 (k 1)dr k 1
(a11 (k 1)d )r k 1 a11r k 1 (k 1)dr k 1
k 1 k 1 k 1
1 1 1 11 11
(k 1) (k 1)
3 3 3 33 33
k 1 k
1 1 1
1 (k 1) (1 k 1)
3 3 3
k k
1 1
k (shown) k
3 3

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(v) 1 1 2 3 n
Sn Sn 2 3 n
3 3 3 3 3
1 2 n 1 n
2 3 n n 1
3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1 n
2 3 n n 1
3 3 3 3 3
3 1 3
1 1 n

n
n 1
1 3 1
3
1 n
1 13 n 1 .
n

2 3
Hence
2 1 n 3 1 n
S n 1 13 n 1 S n 1 n
n
.
3 2 3 4 3 2(3 )
n

11 The equations of lines l1 and l2 are given below:

p 2

l1 : r 0 1 , , where p is a real constant.
1 5

0 1

l2 : r 3 0 , .
4 2

(i) Given that l1 and l2 intersect at point A, find the value of p and the coordinates of
A. [3]

l3 is a line parallel to l1 and it passes through the point (q, 0, 1), where q is a positive
constant.
(ii) Find in terms of q, the shortest distance from A to l3 , leaving your answer in surd
form. [3]
(iii)
By finding the corresponding value of q, find OB .

The point B is the foot of perpendicular from A to l3 such that AB 195 units.
[4]
(iv) Using the values of p and q found above, find the equation of the plane which
contains l1 and l3 in scalar product form. [3]

11 Solution
(i) p 2 0 1
For l1 and l2 to intersect, 0 1 = 3 0 for some , .

1 5 4 2

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p 2 0

3 3, 6, p 0
5 2 3
Hence coordinates of A (6, 3,16)
(ii) q 2
l3 has equation r 0 1 ,

1 5

q 2
OA 0 1
1 5

Shortest distance from A to l3
2
1
5

1 6 q 2
3 1
22 (1) 2 52 15 5

1
0
5q
30 q

q
52 12 (since q 0)
30
13
q
15
(iii) q 2

OB 0 1 for some
1 5

15 13
Now AB 195 15(13) , so q 15 by (ii).
15

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2
Since AB l1 , AB 1 0

5
9 2 2
3 1 1 0


15 5 5
(18 3 75) (22 (1) 2 52 ) 0
60
2
30
15 2 19
So OB 0 2 1 2

1 5 11

(iv) Note that (0, 0,1) and (15,0,1) lie on l1 and l3 respectively, so they lie on 1 , and hence
15 0 15 1

a vector parallel to 1 is 0 0 0 15 0 .
1 1 0 0

1 2 0 0

So a normal vector to 1 is 0 1 5 (1) 5 .
0 5 1 1

0 0 0

So equation of 1 is r 5 0 5
1 1 1

0

r 5 1
1

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12 The function f is defined by f : x ( x 7)( x 1), x 0 .

x2 7 x
(a) Use an algebraic method to find the exact solution of f( x) . [5]
2 x

(b) (i) Determine if the inverse function of f exists. [2]

It is given that g is a one-one function, whose domain and range are given by the
intervals (0, ) and (4, ) respectively.

(ii) Find the range of fg . [2]

(iii) A function h is one-one if, for any and in the domain of h such that
h( ) h( ) , then . Show that fg is one-one. [2]

(iv) If g( x) 4 e x for x 0 , find the exact value of (fg)1 (20) . [4]

12 Solution Comments
x 7x
2
( x 7)( x 1) Read question carefully
2 x
algebraic method
x required, cannot use
( x 7) x 1 0
x2 graphical method
( x 7)( x 2 2)
0
x2
( x 7)( x 2)( x 2)
0
x2
( x 7)( x 2)( x 2)( x 2) 0
Since f( x) is defined for x 0 , so x 2 0
The inequality reduces to ( x 7)( x 2)( x 2) 0 Remember to consider
domain of f
Solution is 0 x 2 or 2 x 7
(b) Since f(1) f(5) 12 , Counter-example to
(i) so f is not one-one, and its inverse function does not exist. disprove one-one
(ii)
y
y f x

o x
4 7
7
Dg (0, )
g
(4, )
f
f (4), (15, ) Note that in general,
R fg R f
R fg (15, )

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(iii) Let fg( ) fg( ) for 0 and 0 ,

i.e. f g( ) f g( )

Then g( ) g( ) , R g (4, ),
since g( ) 4 , g( ) 4 , and
so g( ) 4, g( ) 4
f is one-one if its domain is restricted to the interval (4, )

So , since g is one-one.

(iv) Let (fg) 1 (20) x

Then we have

fg( x) 20
g( x) 6 g( x) 7 20
2

g( x) 6 g( x) 27 0
2

g( x) 9g( x) 3 0
Since g( x) 4 , g( x) 9
4 ex 9
9
x ln
4

~~~~~ End of Paper ~~~~~

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