TITLE STUDY 1 STUDY 2 STUDY 3 STUDY 4 STUDY 5

THE EMPLOYEES The Philippines - Canada The Effectiveness of the Skills for Improved Performance of Barangays
PERCEPTION OF THE Local Government Local Governance Productivity, in Vigan City
PERFORMANCE Support Program A case Performance Management Employment Growth
APPRAISAL SYSTEM OF study of local government System (LGPMS) in and Development Edelyn A. Cadorna, Ph.D.
THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT capacity development in Improving Governance in Crescencio B. Velasco,
OF ILOILO CITY, the Philippines the Municipality of San First edition 2008 MPA, MBA
PHILIPPINES Rafael
Discussion Paper No 57N
By CAPADOSA, PHILLIP April 2006 MA. NINA I. ADRIANO AND
BERNARD September DIOSDADO P. ESTIMADA
2013
Baliuag University, Baliwag,
Bulacan, Philippines
ninz_adriano@yahoo.com
.ate received: August 22,
2014; Date Revised:
September 1, 2014
BACKGROUND The Philippines has been The Republic of the The United Nations At its 295th Session in As the basic political unit,
OF THE STUDY taking serious efforts at Philippines has made Development Program said March 2006, the the 1991 Local Government
enhancing the capability significant progress in that one of the reasons Governing Body Code provided the
of its bureaucracy. The decentralization and why a nation fails in placed the topic of Barangay an important role
1987 Constitution and democratization over the achieving its millennium skills for improved to play in the national
other supporting policies past decade. Its development goals is poor productivity, efforts of achieving
including the Revised 4 devolution legislation and governance. If governance employment growth significant improvement in
Administrative Code of local government system is such an important factor and development on the countrys economic,
1987 provided the policy are frequently studied by in the development of a the agenda of the political, and social
framework for the other Asian countries as a country, then it is 97th Session (2008) of conditions. According to
professionalization of the model for important to understand the International Section 384 of the Local
Philippine bureaucracy. decentralization. the factors leading to poor Labor Conference. In Government Code, the
The Civil Service However, the process has government performance, approaching this Barangay serves as the
Commission (CSC) was not been without measure it, and improve it. multifaceted subject, primary planning and
mandated to serve as challenges. In 1991, when This descriptive study is the present report implementing unit of
the central government the Local Government about the effectiveness of seeks to apply the government policies, plans,
personnel agency for the Code was enacted, few the Local Governance components of programs, projects, and
civil service covering all local governments had the Performance Management effective skills and activities in the community.
the branches, capacity to carry out their System (LGPMS), a employability policies It also serves as a forum
instrumentalities, and newly mandated monitoring and evaluation, articulated in the wherein the collective
agencies of the functions. The national in pointing out weak areas conclusions views of the people may be
government including government and local of a local government in concerning human expressed, crystallized and
government owned and government officials
controlled corporations themselves identified the
(GOCCs) with original urgent need for capacity
charters. development and capacity in Bulacan as she is a
development assistance
for local government
units. The national
government charged the
DILG with responsibility to
develop the capacity of
local governments and
invited donor assistance.
Since 1991 many national
government initiatives
and donor assisted
projects have supported
local government capacity
development with one of
the most successful being
LGSP.
order to improve it. In this
study, the author chose the
Municipality of San Rafael
resident of the town. The
studys focus is on the
results of the LGPMS
evaluation in the
municipality for the period
2010-2012. The study
revealed that the LGPMS is
an effective tool in pointing
out the weak areas of
performance of San Rafael,
thereby paving the way for
improvement in delivering
better services to the
municipalitys constituents.
For the year 2010-2012,
the state of local
governance performance
of the Municipality of San
Rafael steadily increased.
Because of LGPMSs ability
to point out weak
governance areas, San
Rafael was able to focus on
that area and implement
policies and programs to
improve its services.
LGPMS is therefore an
effective performance
measurement and
management tool in
improving the quality of
lives of San Rafaeleos.
resources training and considered, and where
development agreed disputes may be amicably
upon at the 88th settled (Local Government
Session of the Code of 1991).
Conference in 2000
(ILO, 2000a) and in the
Human Resources
Development
Recommendation,
2004 (No. 195),
adopted at the 92nd
Session of the
Conference in 2004.
These tripartite
discussions identified
policies, programs
and institutions that
can help to realize the
potential of skills
development to
expand opportunities
for decent work
STATEMENT OF The study aims to One of the most
THE PROBLEM determine the employees significant problems faced
perception of the by local governments,
performance appraisal especially the smaller
system of the Local ones, concerns finance
Government of Iloilo City, the generation of revenue
Philippines. and its effective
What is the perception of management. There are
the employees regarding still many concerns about
the purpose of the the quality and
Performance Appraisal accessibility of services
System? delivered by local
What is the Performance governments, and many
Appraisal System of the LGUs are struggling to find
Local Governments of sufficient resources to
Iloilo City, Philippines, address their constituent's
particularly the nature of demands. By far the most
identification, significant source of local
measurement and revenue, especially for
management of its smaller LGUs, is transfers
employees performance? from the national
What are the government, mostly in the
opportunities and form of internal revenue
challenges of the current allotments (IRA). IRA-
Performance Appraisal related issues include the
System of the city? uncertainty associated
What are the possible with IRA transfers given
amendments or the insecure national fiscal
enrichment to the current situation and inequities
Performance Appraisal and distortions in
System of the city? distribution built into the
IRA formula. Local
government financial
affairs are highly
politicized and revenue
and spending decisions
are frequently taken to
attract or deflect political
attention. Fiscal
management is also often
Since the LGPMS has been
put in place primarily to
boost the performance of
local governments in order
to serve the people better,
the author aimed to
answer this primary
question: Is LGPMS
effective in improving local
governance in San Rafael?
In order to answer the
primary question, the
following sub-questions
were developed: 1. What is
the state of local
governance performance in
the Municipality of San
Rafael from 2010-2012
based on the following
areas: A. Areas of
governance
Administrative the relevance of skills
governance;
Social governance;
Economic governance;
Environmental
governance; B.
Fundamentals of good
governance
Participation
Transparency
Financial Accountability
2. Was there improvement
in the LGPMS rating from
2010 to 2012? After three
years of using LGPMS,
which revealed the
weaknesses and strengths
of the San Rafael LGU, is
The central aim of this Profile of the Barangays
report is to examine in Vigan City in Terms of
how, within a decent Input Variables.
work perspective, Profile of the Barangays
countries can develop in Vigan City in Terms of
their skills base so as Planning Policies and
to increase both the Non-Human Resources
quantity and the Profile of the Barangays
productivity of labor in Vigan City in Terms of
employed in the Response Time and
economy. Inadequate Barangay Assemblies
education and skills Facilities Maintained by
development keep the Barangays in Vigan
economies trapped in City.
a vicious circle of low Projects Initiated and
education, low Implemented by the
productivity and low Barangays in Vigan City.
income. The report Other Mandated
therefore analyzes Organizations and
how strategies to Garbage Collection and
upgrade and enhance Disposal System in the
Barangays in Vigan City.
training and to Performance of the
improve access to Barangays in Terms of
skills for more women Revenues.
and men can instead Summary of the
help countries move Quantitative Indicators
to a virtuous circle of of Performance of the
higher productivity, Barangays in Vigan City.
employment and Summary of the
income growth, and Quantitative Indicators
development. Skills of Performance of the
development is Barangays in Vigan City.
central to improving
Regression of the
productivity. In turn,
Performance of the
productivity is an
Barangays In Terms of
important source of
Income Generated
improved living
standards and growth.
Other critical factors

FRAMEWORK The above discussion shows
OF THE STUDY the big gap between the
existing HR competencies
and the needed
competencies at the local
level for the performance of
the enabling functions of the
local governments. Training
activities for skills and
knowledge improvement are
oriented more towards
strengthening service
delivery rather than towards
the exercise of the enabling
functions under the market
and community-oriented
models of enabling
authority. Although there
are training programs
directed towards the
improvement of enabling
competencies, such those
conducted by the LGA,
there are a number of
issues and concerns which
have to be addressed to
facilitate the movement
towards capacitating the
local government
hampered by the lack of
adequate records or
automated systems.
The conceptual
framework for CD used by
LGSP and LOGIC is an
'open systems' model that
encompasses but is
broader than HRD and OD.
It considers CD as a
complex process at
various 'levels' within a
system, for example at the
local or micro level; at the
provincial and regional or
meso level; and at the
sector, system, and
national or macro level. It
also considers the
interconnections and
linkages between the
levels and among the
stakeholders. At each level
the surrounding level is
perceived as an 'enabling
environment' that can
either 'enable' or 'disable'
the individuals and
organizations within it.
Within this framework,
capacity is an input to, or
governance situation
improving or worsening in
San Rafael? 3. What is the
impact of the LGPMS in the
lives of San Rafaeleos?
The framework looks into
the state of local
governance which is
measured using
governance indicators,
either input or output, and
the state of local
development which is
measured using
development or outcome
indicators. This is to
emphasize that governance
indicators are based on the
LGUs key responsibilities
or on those areas which
the local government has
direct control. On the other
hand, development
indicators are not
necessarily within the
control of the LGUs but are
utilized to determine the
development gaps where
the local government,
national government and
other sectors of the society
can work together in
addressing development
include
macroeconomic
policies to maximize
opportunities for pro-
poor employment
growth, an enabling
environment for
sustainable enterprise
development, social
dialogue and
fundamental
investments.
The knowledge This study assessed the
accumulated in these performance of the
discussions and barangays in Vigan City in
publications, based on terms of livelihood
analysis by the Office programs initiated,
and guidance from economic enterprises,
constituents, health programs assisted,
underpins the organizations organized,
preparation of this garbage collection and
report (see sidebar for disposal system, and
a chronological revenue. The influence of
summary). The input variables on the
present report, in performance of the
turn, contributes to barangays was likewise
the knowledge base looked into in this study.
relating to the skills The descriptive research
components of the design was utilized in the
Global Employment study. The respondents
Agenda (GEA), which were comprised of the
was adopted by the Punong Barangay, the
Governing Body in Barangay Secretary, and
March 2003 and five other residents in the
provides an analytical 39 barangays of Vigan City.
framework for The questionnaire used in
promoting the the study was based on the
employment Barangay Performance and
components of the Productivity Monitoring
Decent Work Agenda. System (BPPMS), which
 personnel for enabling
functions.
FINDINGS This chapter presents the
findings from the
interview of the focus
group and the results of
the survey questionnaire.
The information collected
from the focus group were
summarized under the
headings of each item
asked. They were
descriptively discussed
and analyzed by the
researcher. Performance
Evaluation System (PES) as
the term is used in the city
government of Iloilo and
Performance Appraisal
System (PAS) as a
universal term may be
used interchangeably in
this discussion. This
chapter also includes the
findings and discussion of
leads to, performance,
and LGU performance is
an input to, or leads to,
local social and economic
development.
There appears to be public
recognition of the
improved performance of
LGUs resulting from CD. In
LGSP-assisted LGUs there is
less political opposition to
the mayors as the people
seem to be satisfied with
them. In the local
government elections in
May 2004, of the mayors
running for re-election in
the regions supported by
LGSP, 78% of incumbent
mayors were re-elected in
LGSP-assisted LGUs
compared to 58% of
incumbent mayors in non-
assisted LGUs.
backlog. Information on
the State of Local
Governance Performance
and the financial
performance, which are
both considered in LGPMS,
are equally important
inputs in managing LGU
performance in local
governance.
The following are the
results of the rating of the
Municipality of San Rafael
for each governance
category from the year
2010-2012. Data for each
category are presented
below, noting the changes
in the rating for each year
evaluated. Table 1 shows
that although the
governance performance
of the Municipality of San
Rafael for three rating
periods did not go below 4
(high), the overall
governance mean rating
nevertheless improved
from 4.60 in 2010 to 4.64
in 2011 and 2012.
Although the mean scores
did not increase from
Productivity and was constructed by the
employment issues Local Government
feature prominently in Academy (LGA). The said
Core Element 6 of the instrument was supported
GEA on employability by interviews with the
through improved barangay residents, ocular
knowledge and skills inspections of equipment
and Core Element 2 and tangible
on promoting projects/programs, and
technological change documentary analysis. Data
for higher productivity gathered in the study were
and job creation and analyzed through the use
improved standards of of the following statistical
living. tools: frequency and
percentage, mean, and
Multiple Regression
Analysis.
The report also builds Findings showed that
on the research majority of the barangays
findings of several ILO in Vigan City have a
publications that population density of 3658
analyze the linkages per sq. km and a household
between skills, density of 795 per sq-km.
productivity and All the barangays have
economic and planning policies and
employment growth. guidelines. Most of these
A series of World barangays have annual
Employment Reports, budget ranging from
beginning in 1999, PhP500,000PhP600,000;
have taken up the majority have moderately
issue of skills adequate equipment and
development directly service vehicles. In
or as a component of addition, almost all the
broader employment barangays are responsive
policy issues. The in issuing barangay
World Employment clearances and certificates.
Report 200405: Majority of the barangays
Employment, also hold regular barangay
productivity and assemblies twice a year.
poverty reduction The barangays in Vigan City
 the nature and process of 2011 and 2012, it however concluded that, for have maintained barangay
the Performance Appraisal maintained its 4.64 rating. the vast majority of facilities. They have
System (PAS) of the city the working poor, initiated only few barangay
government of Iloilo. simply more work, economic enterprises, have
unless it is more assisted in national health
productive work, programs, have organized
would not lead them barangay committees and
out of poverty. It councils, and have
examined the implemented a garbage
conditions under collection and disposal
which employment system. On the aspect of
and productivity could barangay performance in
grow in tandem and terms of revenue, the
create a virtuous circle barangays produced only
of decent and minimal amount. They still
productive depend on the Internal
employment Revenue Allocation (IRA) to
opportunities. run the barangay.

The performance of the

barangays was found to
have been affected by the
adequacy of non-human
resources like barangay
equipment and service
vehicles, as well as the
responsiveness of the
barangay in the issuance of
barangay certificates.
METHODOLOGY This chapter describes the The concept of CD This study used the The topic of this This study used the
research design, methods presented in the study is an descriptive method report is particularly descriptive research design
of data collection, open systems model that utilizing longitudinal data. relevant to the skills utilizing both the
sampling method, considers CD as an ongoing The quantitative method development needs descriptive and
respondents, and survey- cyclical process occurring will be used in finding out identified in Decent correlational methods of
procedure. Data analysis at various levels within the if there is a marked Work Country research. In this study, the
and interpretation system and including increase in the Programmes (DWCPs). current status of the
employed in this study are strengthening of the score/rating of the LGU As the principal barangays was described,
also described in this linkages between the for three succeeding vehicle for promoting while the correlational
chapter. The researcher levels. The staged process years. decent work at the method was employed in
conducted this study at includes consensus about country level, DWCPs looking into the influence
 the city government of
Iloilo on March 2012. As
an exploratory study,
mixed methods were
employed to administer it.
Methods of data gathering
used included interview,
survey, and secondary
data collection.
CONCLUSION This study is about the
perception of the
employees of the local
government unit in the
city of Iloilo, Philippines,
regarding the purposes of
their Performance
Appraisal System (PAS).
The researcher sought to
determine the level of
awareness of the
employees of the city as
to their PAS, highlighting
on the purposes for which
it has been established in
the city government and
identifying its
opportunities and
challenges. The findings
on the perception of
employees will form part
the need for change,
learning and capacity
strengthening activities,
application of enhanced
capacity to improve
performance,
institutionalization of
organizational changes and
then analysis and further
consensus about addition
needs for change - the
cycle repeating itself
throughout the life of an
organization.
The case suggests that the
development of capacity in
LGUs and the related
improvements in their
performance are functions
of the relationship
between features internal
to the LGU with the
features of external
interventions. It recognises
the significant role played
by LGU leaders and
community stakeholders in
LGUs' approach to CD. The
concept of CD presented in
the study is an open
systems model that
considers CD as an ongoing
cyclical process occurring
at various levels within the
system and including
The LGPMS is an effective
performance
measurement and
management tool in LGUs,
specifically in the
Municipality of San Rafael.
It is comprehensive in its
performance indicators,
taking into consideration
the elements of good
governance in its criteria
for rating. It can
effectively monitor and
evaluate developments
and point out the
strengths and weaknesses
of a municipality. It also
provides a clear picture on
the overall prevailing
situation of a municipality
that will help the
comprise a set of of barangay profile on its
agreed priorities for performance. The main
tripartite partnership respondents of the study
with the Office. Many were the Punong Barangay,
of the current DWCPs and the Barangay Secretary
identify skills in the 39 barangays of
development, Vigan City. Five other
productivity and barangays were used in the
employment as validation of the data
national priorities for gathered.
improving
competitiveness,
enhancing the
employability of
young women and
men and increasing
decent work
opportunities for
disadvantaged groups.
In conclusion, this The current human,
brief overview physical and financial
underlines the value resources management of
of the efforts made by the public enterprises
labor ministries, trade described its status of
unions and employers operation. Along human
organizations to resource management,
integrate skills trainings for manpower
development issues capability building and
and strategies into the monitoring and supervision
design of policies on activities that will
trade, technology and substantially improve the
the environment. operation of the public
Coordination with the enterprises are needed.
ministries and
agencies responsible
for policy design and
implementation in
these areas is
therefore required if
national education
 of a larger examination of
its effectiveness and for a
possible amendments or
enrichment of the current
appraisal system. This is
also an attempt to
describe the PAS of that
city, particularly as to the
nature of identification,
measurement and
management of its
employees performance.
This chapter summarizes
the above objectives, the
limitations of the study,
and insights for future
studies.
URL http://r-
cube.ritsumei.ac.jp/bitstre
am/10367/5885/1/51211
625.pdf
strengthening of the government, policy and skills
linkages between the makers, government development systems
levels. The staged process planners, and the LGU are to be able to: (1)
includes consensus about itself to plan and equip workers,
the need for change, implement developmental employers and young
learning and capacity changes. women and men with
strengthening activities, the skills required by
application of enhanced emerging industries
capacity to improve and jobs; and (2) build
performance, national capabilities to
institutionalization of manage the transition
organizational changes and between declining and
then analysis and further growing sectors and
consensus about addition occupations. Without
needs for change - the such measures, the
cycle repeating itself result will be skill
throughout the life of an gaps, high individual
organization. and social adjustment
costs, and missed
opportunities to boost
productivity,
accelerate
employment growth
and expand
development.
http://ecdpm.org/wp- http://apjeas.apjmr.com/ http://www.ilo.org/w http://www.eisrjc.com/doc
content/uploads/2013/11/ wp- cmsp5/groups/public/ uments/Performance_Of_B
DP-57N-Case-Study-Local- content/uploads/2014/11 ---ed_norm/--- arangays_in_Vigan_City_13
Government-Capacity- /APJEAS-2014-1-083.pdf relconf/documents/m 25664034.pdf
Development- eetingdocument/wcm
Philippines.pdf s_092054.pdf
Final Summary
Statement of the Problem The perception of appraisal of employees in LGU in what condition in the system they can be improved for the better
change. From the smaller one, one of the facing problems the finance in generation of revenue and how it is to become
effective and how they find the sufficient solutions for the certain problems that struggling in LGU. By helping other
countries why, we should not learn how to help first our country for moving higher productivity growth of development.
LGU has a poor employment and income growth. Motivating the employees for developing the quality efficient and
effectiveness of the development in LGU
Framework of the study In this study shows the training for skills and knowledges wherein the employees have those improvements and to be
oriented their exercises. The concepts must be enable environment that can either disable the individuals and
organization. This is to emphasize the productivity that governance indicate the key to responsible for the areas where
are they located which Local government has a direct control
Conclusion The employees relationship function in LGU by developing the employees performance of individual inside and outside
the Government. The perception of the performance of the employees on how to determine the level of awareness in
Government. The responsibility for coordination of the labor and agencies must be known what are the particular issues
in economic growth. The capability of a good governance has a manpower to connect on their subordinates, monitoring
the supervision of the outcomes of their operation and operation inside and outside of LGU's.
 EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT:
Increasing the performance in the Local Government Unit (LGU)

Submitted by : Submitted to :

Cendana,Jessica A. Mr. Keneth G. Bayani

De Vera.Jhusper T.

Marimon, Allysa Jan S.

Maglaya, Dianne Renzel C.

Nisperos, Krizel Joy R.