Daniel Wibisana - 1306437076

Ir. Martha Leni

Transportation and Environment
September 28, 2017

Summary of Lecture Air Pollution

The lecture on air pollution includes definition, historical background, types and effects
of air pollution. Air is essential in maintaining the lives of organism. The definition of air
pollution is the entry or mixture of substances, solid particles, gases and other components in the
air, which is caused by human activities. For example, from car emissions and chemicals from
factories. These pollutants interfere or could prohibit air from carrying its function. Air
pollutants produce damaging effects because they could be poisonous for the environment. Air
pollutants include carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur, and particulate matter.

During the Industrial Revolution, the amount of air pollution was massive due to changes
in the industrial and urban sectors of society. People were building and constructing cities and
transportation. Development of technology was growing rapidly resulting in growth in
agriculture, textile, and metal production.

The Indonesian government established regulations to regulate or manage air pollution.

The government has put limitations and regulations on gas emissions. The government also
established Indeks Standar Pencemar Udara (ISPU) as a formula or standard to measure air
quality.

As mentioned before, there are 4 common air pollutants. The first pollutant is carbon
monoxide, which is released when something is burned. So vehicles or machinery that uses fossil
fuels are producers of carbon monoxide. Nitrogen dioxide is a highly reactive gas that forms
from the emissions of cars, power plants, and other equipments. Another common pollutant is
sulfur dioxide, which is produced by burning of fossils fuels of power plants and other industrial
facilities. Examples of activities that produce sulfur dioxide are the extraction of metal, natural
disaster like volcanoes, and vehicles. Last but not least, particulate matter is pollutants that
consist of a mixture of solid particles and liquid in the air. Examples of these particles are dirt,
dust and smoke. Particulates are categorized according to their sizes. Particulate matters are
formed as a result of chemical reactions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

Air pollution has short and long term affects on the environment and health of people.
Environmentally, air pollutions can cause material/ building damages, acid rain, forest damage,
and ultimately global climate change. The health impacts include asthma, irritation, difficult
breathing and respiratory infections.
Daniel Wibisana - 1306437076
Ir. Martha Leni
Transportation and Environment
September 28, 2017

Traffic Management System

As the population of people and vehicles in Jakarta increases, the traffic problems
increase as well. Many roads in Jakarta are not ready or well equipped to handle massive volume
of vehicles. Many roads are damaged due to excessive load as a result of an increasing number of
vehicles. Today, most common traffic problems are caused by a number of infrastructure
construction projects such as the MRT, LRT, and flyover constructions. Recent regulation that is
applied to reduce traffic in Jakarta is the odd-even license plate policy, which prohibits vehicles
from entering the main roads surrounding Jakartas district center.

Traffic management is concerned with the planning and control of transportation

services. Traffic management includes a variety of measures including traffic control by the
police or traffic lights, one-way streets, new roads, and toll roads pricing. The main objective of
traffic management is to solve congestions problems. Efficient traffic management would
ultimately improve air quality, less noise pollution and congestions. Traffic management also has
to be cost effective. So far, Jakartas biggest effort to reduce traffic congestions and the number
of vehicles on the road has been the construction of MRT. This mass rapid transport is a railway,
which can carry a huge amount of passengers around Jakarta. The construction is a long term
process and requires large amount of investments, but the result would be environmentally
friendly because it would reduce the use of vehicles and emissions. It is very important in traffic
management system to obtain live images of the roads, especially in the intersections and
junctions, so that the volume of traffic can be controlled, reduced or directed into alternative
roads.