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bassic lesson
1
MUSIC ALPHABETS
What is Music
Music is the combination of sounds, that are pleasant to the ears.
To build a house, we need blocks; to build our music, we need more basics
Out of the 26 English language alphabets, Music uses only the first 7 alphabets
namely;
A B C D E F G
After G the musical alphabet repeats from A'. This is called an Octave
A B C D E F G A'
B to C is a semitone
E to F is a semitone
C to D is a wholetone
D to E is a wholetone
G to A is a wholetone etc.
Definitions
Semitone is the smallest possible distance between a note and another note!! e.g B to C
Wholetone is the distance that covers 2 semitones. i.e a note will be skipped e.g C to D
So, since E to F & B to C are semitones, they won't have any note between them!!
A B C D E F G A'
So, we have;
Between A and B
For example;
A ( A#) B C C# D D# E F F# G G# A'
A ( Bb) B C Db D Eb E F Gb G Ab A'
The 2 lists of notes above sounds exactly the same on all pitched musical instrument! (The
name of the lists are called CHROMATIC SCALES. It is the parent scale in Western music!!!)
bassic lesson
2
MAJOR SCALE
Major scale is a kind of Diatonic scale. Built with these;
W W H W W W H. a.k.a
TTSTTTS
2212221
Legends:-
W or T Wholetone or Tone
H or S Halftone or Semitone
Answer
C Db D Eb E F Gb G Ab A Bb B C'
Answer
W W H W W W H
Answer
Starting from C
we have,
bassic lesson
3
PENTATONIC SCALE
Pentatonic scale is a scale that have 5 unique notes in them. There are several different
pentatonic scales but for the purpose of this lesson, We will be focusing on Major
Pentatonic scale
and it is built by
W W 3H W 3H a.k.a
T T 3s T 3s
2 2 3 2 3
Legends:-
W or T Wholetone or Tone
H or S Halftime or Semitone
Answer
C Db D Eb E F Gb G Ab A Bb B C'
Answer
W W 3H W 3H
Answer
Starting from C
Answer
we have,
bassic lesson
4
WHAT MAKES YOU GROW MUSICALLY
Is there anything you can do to make you grow musically? Yes is the answer!!
Walk with like minds. (They help you grow/They see good & bad in you/They don't
discourage like those that don't know about music)
Share Materials with friend. (They are strong where you are weak/They will be ready to
share theirs with you)
Ask questions, when confused about anything. (Even if you think you will be abused/sell
your ego and ask)
Don't correct a Singer during rehearsal. (Except you are the Choir director, other members
will copy you and start immediate corrections/it becomes a habit that is not easily unlearned)
Open your ears wide and prepare your mind filter!! whenever anything about music is being
said. (Filter out the things you don't agree with, and store what you think is right/remember
the mind is a factory. It processes the raw materials you feed it. Feed your mind
right/upgrade your filters)
Don't waste time creating musical theories yourself when your ancestors have spent lots
of centuries creating it for you!! (enter into those materials prepared for you, pick what you
need. And go for the applications fast/unless you are trying to explore your creativity and
trying to make a name)
(Musician Audience)
( Audience Musician)
bassic lesson
5
WHAT TO DO WHEN NOT IMPROVING FOR A WHILE
Firewall to Musicians
Every field has a plateau, i.e A level where we get to, and we feel we are being too
repetitive and not really improving
Immediately we are a step above that level, we are already operating in a new
level/stage of creativity!
"Compete with no one but yourself; always striving to be better than yesterday" ~Bayo-David,
Tobi.
Reversal:- Check out better persons, and take note of their strong points. Work on them, only
after you are done with your own practise.
Be adventurous
One of the problems is the fear of acceptance! Who cares?? Ideas that aren't accepted, are
later reckoned with...!
Harmony is the science of CHORDS and their relationships. It is a vertical approach to Music
i.e it gives height to the melody.
Chords are two or more musical notes voiced at the same time. e.g a pianist holding
down set of notes on the piano; he said to be playing a chords
Harmony is a very large topic, as there are almost limitless approach to harmony.
bassic lesson
6
Harmony Types
(Prerequisite :- INTERVAL MASTERY is important here)
Major Triad
Minor Triad
Diminished Triad
Augmented Triad
C -----> E ------> G
C -----> Eb ------> G
C -----> Eb ------> Gb
C -----> E ------> G#
From this, it outlines that there are several other triads that we can have. e.g Secundal Triad,
Quartal Triad and Quintal Triads. More on these later!
bassic lesson
7
CYCLE OF FOURTH (DIATONIC CYCLE)
The cycle of fourth is undoubtedly one of the important cycles in music. Out of 7 main
cycles. It is perhaps the most talked about. Here we will be looking at the movement of
cycle of fourth in relationship to the Major scale modes!!
vii iii vi ii V I IV
Subdominant
Tonic
Dominant
Supertonic
Submediant
Mediant
Leading tone
1. Ionian
2. Dorian
3. Phrygian
4. Lydian
5. Mixolydian
6. Aeolian
7. Locrian
To use the modes, we need to see how they weave seamlessly using the cycle of Fourths.
So we will arrange the modes. Like we did with the cycle of fourths!
vii iii vi ii V I IV
7362514
7. Locrian
3. Phrygian
6. Aeolian
2. Dorian
5. Mixolydian
1. Ionian
4. Lydian.
The modes are now arranged in the order of most flats to sharps!!
7. Locrian. 5 flats
3. Phrygian. 4 flats
6. Aeolian. 3 flats
2. Dorian. 2 flats
5. Mixolydian 1 flat
4. Lydian. 1 sharp
This is important to know because they become more easier to use during improvisation, as
you can which mode leads to another with less stress. It is also easier to memorize if I know
which mode has the highest flats and which had the highest sharps! The cycle of Fourths
made it easier!
bassic lesson
8
HOW TO HARMONIZE A SCALE!!
Harmonizing a scale is an important part of chord theory. It sets the rules that are held to
almost unbreakable standards. Most chord progressions in songs you hear in your favorite
songs have their foundation rooted in the harmonized scales. In Western music theory, the
most common naming scheme for intervals describes two properties of the interval: the
quality (perfect, major, minor, augmented, diminished) and number quantity (unison, second,
third, etc.). Examples include the minor third or perfect fifth . These names describe not only
the difference in semitones between the upper and lower notes, but also how the interval is
spelled. The importance of spelling stems from the historical practice of differentiating the
frequency ratios of enharmonic intervals such as GG and GA .
OK, so its important. But you may be asking yourself what will this do for me?
By the way, I hope you are asking yourself that. I dont think you should spend time learning
anything that wont help you improve your musical prowess
The benefits of knowing this little piece of music theory are tremendous. For me, learning
start from C, pick one and skip the next one, pick the note, skip the next one... Till your
starting note repeats
Now, the Harmonized parts are picked according to the number of the chord stack you want.
Triad chords are 3 stacks of notes (I.e pick the first 3 notes from the root note)
Seventh chords are 4 stacks of notes (I.e pick the first 4 notes from the root note)
Ninth Chords are 5 stacks of notes (I.e pick the first 5 notes from the root note)
Eleventh chords are 6 stacks of notes (I.e pick the first 6 notes from the root note)
Thirteenth chords are 7 stacks of notes (I.e pick the first 7 notes from the root note)
G chord is G B D
C E (G B D) F A C'
A chord is *A C E*
C E) G B D F (A C'
B chord is B D F
C E G (B D F) A C'
Now that you have successfully harmonized the Major scale for example. You can
harmonize other scales this way too! Variants of Minor scales, Oriental Scales, Modal scales.
You can try them out!!
bassic lesson
9
TRIAD PAIR (EXERCISES)
Exercises are great way to build dexterity on the instrument. It help the cordination of the
fingers.
This exercise is to be done a minor second apart (A semitone distance) from each other!
Take a key and work on it. For example on the key of C. Play the first triad of C and play the
second triad on C#.
C E G + C# E# G#
C Eb G + C# E G#... And so on
Because we have 4 triad types, combining them we would have 16 unique patterns!! So, we
have TP1 TP16. While working at it, helping your hands to get more coordinated. Help
your ear too, by correctly vocalizing what you are playing. You are on your way to becoming
a well rounded/better musician.
bassic lesson
10
INTERVALS
Intervals refers to the space/distance 2 notes. For example.
do Interval fa
Melodic Intervals
1. Simple Interval
2. Complex Interval
Harmonic Intervals
1. 1. Simple Interval
2. Complex Interval
d ..............1..............1
de............b2 .........#1
r. .............2 ............2
moh........b3 .........#2
m.............3 ............3
f...............4 ............4
fe ............b5 ........#4
s...............5 ...........5
se............b6 ........#5
l................6 ...........6
toh..........b7.........#6
t...............7 ............7
d..............8 ......Interval
bassic lesson
11
WANT TO BUY A BASS; CHECK BELOW
Company Name
When buying a bass guitar. You might want to favour a particular brand name, company.
Judging from popularity or reputation, you might want to pick specific basses.
Say for example; Yamaha, Ibanez, J&D, Fender, Samick, Sparkle etc
Strings Configuration
Bass guitar strings comes in different numbers. And are grouped under these 2 headings
These type of bass guitars have 4 strings; some bassists use/ prefer/like the 4 stringed
bass a lot. Example of Victor L. Wooten's (Fodera) yinyang bass.
These kind of basses have more than 4 strings. They include, 5 strings bass to 12 strings
bass and more. Although 7 stringed basses and above are usually custom basses. Meaning
their users usually make request for them which specific configurations (defined
specifications)
You should check it out too. Ask yourself, what did I need? A standard range bass or
extended range bass?
Hardware Configuration
Hardware configuration refers to the parts of the bass. How the bass is made and what it is
made of is important and what you should check out too.
Bolt On or NeckThrough
Heavy body
Neck Action
String Buzzing
Sound Pickup
Length/Width of bass
Hardware configuration refers to the parts of the bass. How the bass is made and what it is
made of is important and what you should check out too!!
Bolt On or NeckThrough
Bolt On basses are recognized by the 4 bolt that connects the bass fretboard and the
body at the back of the bass. Example of Fender bass guitars.
NeckThrough basses are connected together making it seem like one whole wood work.
Ibanez/Sound Gears basses are usually NeckThrough.
Heavy body
Basses that are made from heavy wood will most likely be heavy. Carry the bass you are
buying. Make sure its not too heavy for you. Check it out, since you will be carrying it in gigs
for hours. You don't want to be stressed in the neck for carrying bass for long hours!.
Nevertheless it has advantage too. It helps the truss rod to keep the neck straight. Light
wood basses are known to suffer bent neck and high actions
Neck Action
This is when the string is too high from the fretboard. Making it hard for a player to fully
get the desired tone with less strength. Some basses develop this high tension from store,
unfortunately people buy them that way, and suffer the stress of adjusting the truss rod.
This usually works. But sometimes it have effects on the strings tension
String Buzzing
From store, some basses develop string buzzing causes by low string action making it
buzz against the fret. This usually deadens the value of a note. And can sound really awful
during gigs.
Sound Pickup
Check out your sound pickup, if there is a pickup selector check it out, try all the pickups
out. Don't be in haste. If there is no selector, use all your control knobs to switch from one
pickup to another. Making sure they are all in perfect working conditions
Length/Width of bass
Among others you should check out the length of a bass you are buying. Some basses
are not long yet have all the 24 frets. Others are longer yet do not have 24 frets. Ask yourself.
What do I need. Can I reach the frets even if they are long??. The width is also important
while checking it out. Some 5 strings bass have the same width as 4 strings. Will you be
able to reach the 4 strings with much string spacings??
N.B there are lots to discuss here, but up there is but a few
bassic lesson
12
NOTALPH
Music definition
It can be defined as the combination of melody, rhythm, harmony, and the expression of the
soul.
What is a language?
A good VOCABULARY
What is Vocabulary?
This is the words that a person knows or uses.
It might occur to you that there are some or perhaps a lot of music riffs, licks and lines you
know, but dont use. Those are called passive musical vocabularies. Imagine you have a lot
of words to say; the English dictionary has over 50,000 words. Meaning you have a lot of
word combination there is to express yourselves. Imagine musical ideas you can create
yourself as soon as you know the 12 musical notes.
But how do you think of new, unique set of notes without being sometimes overridden by
our brain to choose from your active vocabulary?
You prepare ahead by getting new notes to be part of your active vocabulary before their
next usage.
How do we do this?
The aim of this presentation is to provide you with a tool on how to get these new
vocabularies with less STRESS!!
I'll say,
bassic lesson
13
MODE
Mode as an important part of music concepts calls for thorough understand, in order to
effective use them. A good grasp of the knowledge goes a long way in exposing some
secrets of what this really is. A mode can be simply seen as a rearrangement of scale
starting from different scale number and ending on it at the octave. Below are the 7 modes
of the major scale.
1. Ionian Mode
2. Dorian Mode
3. Phrygian Mode
4. Lydian Mode
5. Mixolydian Mode
6. Aeolian Mode
7. Locrian Mode
Ionian Mode
I:- R 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
M:- d r m f s l t d
Key of C: C D E F G A B C
Dorian Mode
This 2nd mode of the major scale is characterised by;
I:- R 2 b3 4 5 6 b7 8
M:- r m f s l t d r'
T:- d r mo f s l ta d'
Key of C: C D Eb F G A Bb C
Phrygian Mode
This 3rd mode of the major scale is characterised by;
I:- R b2 b3 4 5 b6 b7 8
M:- m f s l t d r m
T:- d de mo f s se ta d
Key of C: C Db Eb F G Ab Bb C
Lydian Mode
This 4th mode of the major scale is characterised by;
I:- R 2 3 #4 5 6 7 8
M:- f s l t d r m f
T:- d r m fe s l t d
Key of C: C D E F# G A B C
Mixolydian Mode
I:- R 2 3 4 5 6 b7 8
M:- s l t d r m f s
T:- d r m f s l ta d
Key of C: C D E F G A Bb C
Aeolian Mode
This 6th mode of the major scale is characterised by;
I:- R 2 b3 4 5 b6 b7 8
M:- l t d r m f s l
T:- d r mo f s se ta d
Key of C: C D Eb F G Ab Bb C
Locrian mode
This 7th mode of the major scale is characterised by;
I:- R b2 b3 4 b5 b6 b7 8
M:- t d r m f s l t
T:- d de mo f fe se ta d
Key of C: C Db Eb F Gb Ab Bb C
bassic lesson
14
THE MODES OVER MODE CONCEPT
The mode of scale has been a very popular topic amidst both young and old musicians. So
important and indispensable to modern music that it is used in improvisations,
syncopations, fill-ins, among others.
Straight to point!! Here we are going to be checking out a concept I call Modes over mode
for the way it is built is for a mode to be played over another. It really helps us to ear the
differences between each mode!
Practice each of the Modes over mode and really listen to them as you play them. It
sharpens your ears and at the same time helps finger dexterity. Therefore bringing about
Mind to Hand coordination.
Firstly, we will be checking out Major scale Modes over mode alone!! We would get to some
others pretty soon!!
Ionian Mode
d r m f s l t d/ d t l s f m r d
d r m f s l t d/ d toh l s f moh r d
d r m f s l t d/ d toh se s f moh de d
d r m f s l t d/ d t l s fe m r d
d r m f s l t d/ d toh l s f m r d
d r m f s l t d/ d toh se s f moh r d
d r m f s l t d/ d toh se fe f moh de d
Dorian Mode
d r moh f s l toh d/ d t l s f m r d
d r moh f s l toh d/ d t l s fe m r d
Phrygian Mode
d de moh f s l toh d/ d t l s f m r d
d de moh f s l toh d/ d t l s fe m r d
Lydian Mode
d r m fe s l t d/ d t l s f m r d
d r m fe s l t d/ d toh l s f moh r d
d r m fe s l t d/ d toh se s f moh de d
d r m fe s l t d/ d t l s fe m r d
d r m fe s l t d/ d toh l s f m r d
d r m fe s l t d/ d toh se s f moh r d
d r m fe s l t d/ d toh se fe f moh de d
Mixolydian Mode
d r m f s l toh d/ d t l s f m r d
d r m f s l toh d/ d t l s fe m r d
d r m f s l toh d/ d toh l s f m r d
Aeolian Mode
d r moh f s se toh d/ d t l s f m r d
d r moh f s se toh d/ d t l s fe m r d
Locrian Mode
d de moh f fe se toh d/ d t l s f m r d
d de moh f fe se toh d/ d t l s fe m r d
bassic lesson
15
HOW TO GAIN FROM WHATSAPP GROUPS
Since the advent of WhatsApp pages, music groups have been multipying in number
exponentially. With Groups taking
1. Seminars
2. Interviews
3. Workshops
4. Debating Competitions
5. Quiz Competitions
WhatsApp have really acquired such a growth. Lots of people perhaps respond to whatsapp
messages before other social media. In my opinion, it's interface is simple to operate, fast,
efficient, dynamic and easy to navigate! This article is narrowed down to music groups
especially. And its focused on really gaining from music groups. Many people want to learn,
and be taught on whatsapp groups like its a one on one interaction. They join groups blindly
and remove themselves in few days!! In a group of 100 participants, little or less can be
done. But nevertheless the points below could help you achieve a better learning and
earning process under the simple promise of being Being Active.
What to do to be Active!
Many are in the habit of sleeping in classes. You have to be active to gain something serious.
Coming online to see your piled up messages can be too hectic to read up. Read up
important messages in chunks and bits. Dont pile them up. Sleeping, makes messages pile
up till you decide to read them later. Been active in groups keeps you updated on what is
being taught. You get the opportunity to interact with lecturers in real time. If you are ready
to learn and gain the best from the group. Don't sleep in class. Be online and be active at
class time.
"Compete with yourself, making sure you are better than yesterday!"
Ask Questions
A skill that is leaving the earth gradually, is asking of questions. Yes it is a skill! Some do not
know how to ask questions. And others that can ask, do not know the right time to ask.
Asking question doesn't necessarily mean what you do not know at all. In fact, it might be
what you know best. you don't have to stay online to receive answers. You can ask
questions about what you know before, The approach at which someone else will answer it.
Might be different from what you know or even inspire you! The perspective at which they
are looking at it, could open up fresh ideas to you. Don't be a Passive learner!! Be Active.
Notalph
Outside the box ideas specially for you to keep your
musical lines fresh and uniquely yours Lots of
testimonies about notes created through the use of
Notalph, and Nexus of Notalph and Modes Be the one
to teach your friends
Bass-ic Talks
A diagrammed-based beginner bass book, written for
those who wanted to work through the fore of bass
education, or for teachers who are busy to walk their
students through It is garnished with side Tips, and
footer quotes A must have for up and coming bassists